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dvbsnoop(1)		  DVB Analyzer, MPEG Analyzer		   dvbsnoop(1)

Name
       dvbsnoop - DVB and MPEG stream analyzer

SYNOPSIS
       dvbsnoop [-s mode] [options] pid

       dvbsnoop [-s mode] [options] -if filename [pid]

       dvbsnoop [-s mode] [options] -b [pid] > binary.file

       dvbsnoop [-s mode] [options]

Description
       DVBSNOOP	 is  a	text  based  DVB  and  MPEG  stream analyzer for view‐
       ing/debugging stream information, e.g. send via	digital	 TV.  You  may
       also  use  dvbsnoop  to analyze mpeg compliant streams stored on DVD or
       other media.  Dvbsnoop analyzes and displays MPEG,  DVB,	 DSM-CC,  MHP,
       etc.  data and structures in human readable form. Possible stream types
       are TS (tranport streams), PS (program streams), PES  (packetized  ele‐
       mentary streams) or SECTIONS (service information streams).

       DVBSNOOP	 also  has  some additional functionallity to analyze receiver
       (set top box, dvb card) data, bandwidth	of  a  transport  stream,  pid
       scan, etc.

       Using  special  network programs like netcat (nc), dvbsnoop may also be
       used to do remote sniffing and decoding. For  post-processing  dvbsnoop
       output,	you  may  use  the full range of unix tools and scripting lan‐
       guages (grep, perl, python, mrtg, gnuplot, etc.).

Usage
       Dvbsnoop	 provides  an  online  and   offline   input   and   different
       snoop/decoding modes (see below).

       Using	dvbsnoop   'online'   requires	 dvb-api   compliant   devices
       (http://www.linuxtv.org) to grab	 live  stream  information  from  e.g.
       satellite or cable tv or data streams. You will also need DVB compliant
       hardware (e.g. DVB-S pci card or a linux based setop box like dbox2  or
       Dreambox)  to  receive  DVB data streams. To tune into a transponder or
       frequency, please use a program like 'szap',  'dvbtune'	or  a  DVB-GUI
       like 'Enigma', 'Neutrino', 'MythTV', 'VDR', etc..

       The  'offline'  mode  enables  you to analyze binary stream files (e.g.
       transport stream files or PES files).

       Some options are specific for the selected modes. You may try different
       combinations of command line options to get best results.

       A  short	 FAQ  for  common questions and example decoding output can be
       found at http://dvbsnoop.sourceforge.net.

Basic Decoding Selection Mode Command Line Options
       -s [ts|ps|pes|sec|pidscan|bandwidth|signal|feinfo]
	       Basic snoop mode selection.
		 sec	  = SI mode (SECTIONS)
		 ts	  = transport stream mode
		 ps	  = program stream mode (same as PES mode)
		 pes	  = packetized elementary stream mode,
			     e.g. teletext, audio, video, data
		 pidscan  = scan and display PIDs on tuned
			     transponder/frequency.
		 bandwith = bandwidth messurement mode
			     for selected pid.
		 signal	  = display tuner signal reception info.
		 feinfo	  = display tuner data (frontend info).

	      The modes 'sec', "ps" or "pes" require the selection of  a  PID.
	      The  mode	 'ts'  requires	 either	 a PID specified or the option
	      -tsraw.

	      A PID can be specified using octal, decimal or hexadecimal  val‐
	      ues.  Examples:  octal: 021, decimal: 17, hexadecimal: 0x11

	      If  -s  option  is  omitted,  default  mode is "-s sec" (Section
	      mode).

General Command Line Options
       -help
	      Print help text with command line options.

       -hideproginfo
	      Do not print dvbsnoop header (version, etc.).

General Decoding Output Command Line Options
       -pd <mode>
	      Specify print decoding verbose mode. Specify 0 for no output.  9
	      will be very verbose. Default is 6.

       -npd
	      Same as -pd 0.

       -ph <mode>
	      Specify print hex putput verbose mode:
	       0=no hexdump output, 1=hex output, 2=hex line,
	       3=ascii line, 4=alternate hex output. (default is 4)

       -hexdumpbuffer

       -nohexdumpbuffer
	      Switch  on/off  hexdump  of stream input buffer.	May be used to
	      enhance -ph option. (e.g. -ph 4 -nohexdumpbuffer)

       -nph
	      Obsolete, same as -nohexdumpbuffer.

       -t<mode>
	      Timestamp output mode:
		 -tf = full timestamp
		 -td = delta timestamp mode,
		 -tn = no time stamp.

       -b
	      Binary output of packets	(disables  other  output).   Use  this
	      option  to  store raw data in file or chain data to another pro‐
	      gram.
		 E.g.:	dvbsnoop -s ts 0x00 -b > file
			dvbsnoop -s pes 0x3FF -b | ./myprogram

	      There might be a file limit on your system (mostly  2  GB)  when
	      writing files using '>'.

Device Selection Command Line Options
       Dvbsnoop	 uses  default devices, defined by the DVB API.	 On some plat‐
       forms or if using multiple dvb cards, you may want to override  default
       settings, e.g. to select a different tuner.

       -demux <device>
	      Specify <device> for demux.  If not specified, dvbsnoop uses the
	      device specified by the linux  dvb-api.

       -dvr <device>
	      Specify <device> for dvr.	 If not specified, dvbsnoop  uses  the
	      device specified by the linux  dvb-api.

       -frontend <device>
	      Specify  <device> for frontend.  If not specified, dvbsnoop uses
	      the device specified by the linux	 dvb-api.

       -adapter <n>
	      Specify DVB adapter/card by number <n> (0-9) using default  path
	      pattern (e.g. /dev/dvb/adapter1/...). If not specified, dvbsnoop
	      uses the default adapter/card - usually 0.

       -devnr <n>
	      Specify DVB device number <n> (0-9) on a DVB adapter/card	 using
	      default  path  pattern  (e.g.  /dev/dvb/adapt.../demux1). If not
	      specified, dvbsnoop uses the default device number - usually 0.

       -buffersize <kb>
	      Set demux read buffersize in KBytes.  Default is 0 (use internal
	      default value).

       -n <value>
	      Stop  after  reading <value> packets. Use this to limit the read
	      process.	Default is 0 (no limit).

       -if <file>
	      Read binary stream data from file instead of the demux device.
		<file> = '-' reads from	 standard  input.   Depending  on  the
	      decoding	mode  this might be transport stream, packetized elem‐
	      tary stream or sections.	Please aware, that you cannot e.g. use
	      -s  pes  or  -s  sec  on	a  saved transport stream.  The decod‐
	      ing/snooping mode has to match the saved stream format!

SECTION Mode (SEC) Specific Command Line Options
       The following command line options are special to the 'SECTION'	decod‐
       ing mode:

       -s sec
	      Section mode.

       -timeout <ms>
	      Section read timeout in ms. Default is 0 (no timeout).

       -f <filter>
	      Filter  value for filtering section data e.g. table id's.	 Value
	      may be decimal (49), octal (037) or hexadecimal (0x4F).  You may
	      use  multibyte  filters like: 0x4E.01.20.FF The filter comprises
	      e.g. 16 bytes covering byte 0 and byte 3..17 in a section,  thus
	      excluding	 bytes	1  and	2 (the length field of a section).  To
	      check the filtervalues use -pd 9.

       -m <mask>
	      Mask value to use for filters.  Value may be decimal (49), octal
	      (037)  or	 hexadecimal  (0x4F).	You  may use multibyte filters
	      like: 0xFF.F0.FE.FF The filter comprises e.g. 16 bytes  covering
	      byte 0 and byte 3..17 in a section, thus excluding bytes 1 and 2
	      (the length field of a section).	To check the filtervalues  use
	      -pd 9.

       -N <value>
	      Stop  after  decoding  <value>  packets.	Use  this to limit the
	      packet decoding process.	Useful, when reading stream data  from
	      file.  -n limits the read packet process, -N limits the decoding
	      process. Using dvb hardware filters -n would be the same as  -N.
	      Default is 0 (no limit).

       -crc
	      Do  CRC  checking,  when	reading section data.  Default is off.
	      This is only supported, if your DVB  hardware/firmware  supports
	      CRC  checking.   Remark:	Some  section  types  may use Checksum
	      instead of CRC.

       -nocrc
	      Don't  do	 hardware/firmware  CRC,  when	reading	 section  data
	      (default).  Some DVB sections do not have proper CRC set!

       -softcrc
	      Do   soft	 CRC  checking,	 when  reading	section	 data.	 Hard‐
	      ware/firmware CRC should be preferred.  Default  is  -nosoftcrc.
	      Remark: Some section types may use Checksum instead of CRC.

       -nosoftcrc
	      Don't do soft CRC, when reading sections. (default)

       -spiderpid
	      Snoop referenced section PIDs.  This option recursivly reads all
	      PIDs referenced by a section. This option also  sets  number  of
	      packets  to be read to 1 (sets -n 1). To read more packets for a
	      pid, use -n <count> after specifying -spiderpid.

       -privateprovider <id>
	      Set provider <id> string for decoding of special private	tables
	      and  descriptors.	 Use  -help to display provider currently sup‐
	      ported. If omitted, private data will be	displayed  as  hexdump
	      depending	 on  -ph  option.  (If you have information on private
	      data structures, currently not supported by dvbsnoop, please let
	      us know!)

Transport Stream (TS) Mode Specific Command Line Options
       The  following  command	line  options  are  special  to the 'Transport
       Stream'	decoding mode:

       -s ts
	      Transport Stream mode.

       -sync
	      (obsolete as of 1.4.10, -sync is default. This  option  enforces
	      software packet sync for TS and PS/PES).

       -nosync
	      (obsolete as of 1.4.10).

       -tssubdecode
	      Sub-decode  SI  data  (sections)	or  PS/PES data from transport
	      stream decoding. This reads transport stream packets  and	 tries
	      to  decode  its content.	Useful to decode PES or SI data from a
	      transport stream file.

       -tsraw
	      Read full transport stream (all pids).   Your  hardware/firmware
	      has to support this mode.

       -N <value>
	      Stop  after  decoding  <value>  packets.	Use  this to limit the
	      packet decoding process.	Useful, when reading stream data  from
	      file.  -n limits the read packet process, -N limits the decoding
	      process. Using dvb hardware filters -n would be the same as  -N.
	      Default is 0 (no limit).

PES or PS Mode Specific Command Line Options
       The following command line options are special to the 'PES' (packetized
       elementary stream) or 'PS' (program stream) decoding mode:

       -s ps  Program Stream mode.

       -s pes
	      Packetized Elementary Stream mode.

       -sync
	      (obsolete as of 1.4.10, -sync is default. This  option  enforces
	      software packet sync for TS and PS/PES).

       -nosync
	      (obsolete as of 1.4.10).

       PID Scan Mode Specific Command Line Options
	      The following command line options are special to the 'PID Scan'
	      discovery mode:

       -s pidscan
	      Scan PIDs on transponder/frequency.

       -maxdmx <n>
	      Set maximum use of DMX filters.  Default is 0 (use all  possible
	      filters).

Bandwidth Mode Specific Command Line Options
       There  are  no special command line options for the 'Bandwidth' display
       mode.

       -s bandwidth
	      Determine bandwidth for a dvb stream. This will be done by  cal‐
	      culating received ts packets in a timeslot.

Signal Mode Specific Command Line Options
       There  are  no  special	command line options for the 'Signal Strength'
       display mode.

       -s signal
	      Poll frontend signal status.

       -timeout <ms>
	      Poll timing in msec.

Frontend Info Mode Specific Command Line Options
       There are no special command line options for the 'Frontend Info'  dis‐
       play  mode.

       -s feinfo
	      Display frontend information.

Examples
       Examples how to use dvbsnoop:

       Display EPG, 10 sections:
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -nph	-n 10  0x12
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -ph 3 -n 10 -crc  0x12

       Display sections tree (1 packet each) using private provider data:
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -spiderpid -privateprovider premiere.de  0x00

       Display sections tree (1 packet each) skipping "empty" pids:
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -spiderpid -timeout 15000  0x00

       Display	PAT  transport	stream (ts) and do subdecoding of sections and
       descriptors:
	  dvbsnoop -s ts -pd 4 -tssubdecode -nph  0x00

       Read PES (e.g. Videotext, Video, Audio) stream:
	  dvbsnoop -s pes 0x28F
	  dvbsnoop -s pes 0x28F -b > pes.bin.file

       Read PS from file and do not show hex dump:
	  dvbsnoop -if hdtv_ps_file.mpg -s ps -ph 0 -nohexdumpbuffer -n 30

       Show current signal strength:
	  dvbsnoop -s signal
	  dvbsnoop -s signal -pd 9 -n 100 -timeout 100

       Show bandwidth usage of a PID  0x1FF:
	  dvbsnoop -s bandwidth -n 1000 -pd 2 0x1FF
	  dvbsnoop -s bandwidth -buffersize 256 -n 1000	 0x1FF

       Do PID scan of a tuned transponder (different display levels):
	  dvbsnoop -s pidscan -pd 1
	  dvbsnoop -s pidscan -pd 6
	  dvbsnoop -s pidscan -pd 9 -maxdmx 12

       Show frontend info:
	  dvbsnoop -s feinfo -pd 9

       Try to scan all sections, read 2 packets per PID:
	  dvbsnoop -nohexdumpbuffer -spiderpid -n 2  0x0000

       Save 1000 packets of a transport stream to a file:
	  dvbsnoop -b -n 1000 -s ts  0x200  > ts_file.pid0x200.bin
	  dvbsnoop -b -n 1000 -s ts -tsraw  > ts_file.bin

       Read transport stream (ts) from file and decode:
	  dvbsnoop -s ts -if ts_stream.bin
	  dvbsnoop -s ts -if ts_file.pid0x200.bin   0x200

       Simple filter for some PID values, some examples:
	  dvbsnoop -n 5 -nph 0x00 | grep -i "PID: "
	  dvbsnoop -spiderpid -nph -n 10  0x00 | grep -i "PID: " | sort | uniq
	  dvbsnoop -s signal -pd 9 | ./perl-statistics-prog.pl

       Other simple filter examples:
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -f 0x4E -m 0xFF  0x12
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -f 0x4E.34.00 -m 0xFF.FF.0F  0x12
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -f 16.00 -m 255.255  0x12
	  dvbsnoop -s sec -nph -n 5 0x10 | grep -i "frequency"
	  dvbsnoop -s ts -nph 0x100 | grep -i 'Transport_error\|^PID'

       Selecting devices:
	  dvbsnoop -s feinfo -pd 9 -frontend /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend1
	  dvbsnoop -s feinfo -pd 9 -adapter 0 -devnr 1
	  dvbsnoop -s feinfo -pd 9 -adapter 2

       Sending dvbsnoop data over network, using netcat:
	  dvbsnoop -s pes 0x28F -b    nc -q  ServerName 31337

       Do remote decoding of dvb data over network using dvbsnoop and netcat:
	 streaming site:
	     dvbsnoop -s ts 0x0065 -b	 nc -q	ServerName 31000
	 reveiving site:
	     nc -l -p 31000    dvbsnoop -nph -s ts -tssubdecode -if -

	 You may also use e.g. dvbtools for sending dvb data over a network:
	     dvbstream ....  -->  dumprtp  dvbsnoop -s ts -if -

NOTES
       dvbsnoop tries to decode all of the data it receives, e.g. if  you  try
       to  decode a video or audio stream in section mode, dvbsnoop may assume
       a section table and will decode the data wrong. In this case the decod‐
       ing  will  be  garbage. Using the '-crc' option should prevent this (if
       supported at the hardware/driver level).
       dvbsnoop does not do DVB stream validation.  dvbsnoop  assumes  correct
       DVB  streams.  Corrupted	 streams or streams with wrong semantics (e.g.
       incorrect length information) will result in wrong decoding output. For
       this reason, the use of '-crc' options is strongly recommended.
       Depending on the firmware of your dvb card, dvbsnoop may not be able to
       sniff on pids, which are occupied by other processes. This is  no  bug,
       this is a driver/firmware issue.

SIGNALS
       dvbsnoop	 catches signals to provide smooth program termination.
	  SIGHUP, SIGQUIT and SIGTERM  will terminate dvbsnoop smoothly.
	  SIGABORT will abort at once after flushing buffers.
	  SIGKILL  will just kill down dvbsnoop (OS specific).

BUGS
       Please check http://dvbsnoop.sourceforge.net for bug reports.
       Bug reports: http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=85040

SEE ALSO
       dvbtune (1), dvbstream (1).

Acknowledgments
       DVBSNOOP was written by Rainer Scherg (rasc).
       Copyright (c) 2001-2006	Rainer Scherg

       Additional  patches  and	 bugfixes/-reports were provided by members of
       the tuxbox project - bringing digital TV to linux based set  top	 boxes
       (e.g.  "dbox2"  digital tv receiver) and also by users of dvbsnoop (see
       the ChangeLog file for credits).
       For  more  information  about  DVBSNOOP	 please	  visit	  'http://dvb‐
       snoop.sourceforge.net'.

Rainer Scherg (rasc)						   dvbsnoop(1)
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