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DPKG-SOURCE(1)			dpkg utilities			DPKG-SOURCE(1)

NAME
       dpkg-source,    dpkg-gencontrol,	   dpkg-shlibdeps,    dpkg-genchanges,
       dpkg-buildpackage,  dpkg-distaddfile,  dpkg-parsechangelog   -	Debian
       source package tools

SYNOPSIS
       dpkg-source -x filename.dsc
       dpkg-source -b [options] directory [orig-directory|'']
       dpkg-gencontrol [options]
       dpkg-shlibdeps options
       dpkg-genchanges [options]
       dpkg-buildpackage [options]
       dpkg-distaddfile [options] filename section priority
       dpkg-parsechangelog [options]

DESCRIPTION
       dpkg-source packs and unpacks Debian source archives.

       dpkg-gencontrol	reads  information from an unpacked Debian source tree
       and  generates  a  binary  package  control  file  (which  defaults  to
       debian/tmp/DEBIAN/control);  it also adds an entry for the binary pack‐
       age to debian/files.

       dpkg-shlibdeps calculates shared library dependencies  for  executables
       named in its arguments.	The dependencies are added to the substitution
       variables file debian/substvars as  variable  names  shlibs:dependency‐
       field  where  dependencyfield  is  a  dependency field name.  Any other
       variables starting shlibs: are removed from the	file.	dpkg-shlibdeps
       will	read	shared	  library    dependency	   information	  from
       debian/shlibs.local, /etc/dpkg/shlibs.override, the shlibs control area
       file of the package containing the file which objdump reports as satis‐
       fying the library dependency, or /etc/dpkg/shlibs.default.   The	 first
       match will be used.  See the Debian packaging manual for details of the
       format of shared library dependency files.

       dpkg-genchanges reads information from an  unpacked  and	 built	Debian
       source  tree and from the files it has generated and generates a Debian
       upload control file (.changes file).

       dpkg-buildpackage is a control script which can be used to  help	 auto‐
       mate the building of a package.

       dpkg-distaddfile adds an entry for a named file to debian/files.

       dpkg-parsechangelog  reads  and	parses	the  changelog	of an unpacked
       Debian source tree and outputs the information in it to standard output
       in a machine-readable form.

       None  of these commands allow multiple options to be combined into one,
       and they do not allow the value for an option to be specified in a sep‐
       arate argument.

COMMON OPTIONS
       Many  of	 these	programs  share	 options;  these  are  described here,
       together with the programs that accept them.

       -h     Display the particular  program's	 version  and  usage  message,
	      including a synopsis of the options it understands.  This option
	      is understood by all the source package tools.

       -vversion
	      In dpkg-buildpackage,  dpkg-genchanges  and  dpkg-parsechangelog
	      this  causes  changelog  information  from all versions strictly
	      later than version to be used.

	      In dpkg-gencontrol it sets the  version  number  of  the	binary
	      package which will be generated.

       -Cchangesdescription
	      Read  the	 description  of  the changes from the file changesde‐
	      scription rather than using  the	information  from  the	source
	      tree's  changelog file.  This is understood by dpkg-buildpackage
	      and dpkg-genchanges.

       -mmaintaineraddress
	      Use maintaineraddress as the name and email address of the main‐
	      tainer  for this package, rather than using the information from
	      the source tree's control.  This is  understood  by  dpkg-build‐
	      package and dpkg-genchanges.

       -emaintaineraddress
	      Use maintaineraddress as the name and email address of the main‐
	      tainer for this upload, rather than using the  information  from
	      the  source tree's changelog.  This is understood by dpkg-build‐
	      package and dpkg-genchanges.

       -si, -sa, -sd
	      These options control whether the	 original  source  archive  is
	      included	in the upload generated by dpkg-buildpackage and dpkg-
	      genchanges if any source	is  being  generated  (ie,  -b	or  -B
	      haven't been used).

	      By  default, or if -si is specified, the original source will be
	      included if the version number ends in  -0  or  -1,  ie  if  the
	      Debian revision part of the version number is 0 or 1.

	      -sa  forces the inclusion of the original source; -sd forces its
	      exclusion and includes only the diff.

       -Vname=value
	      Set an output substitution variable.  This option is  understood
	      by  dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.  See below
	      for a discussion of output substitution.

       -Tsubstvarsfile
	      Read (or, for dpkg-shlibdeps, write) substitution	 variables  in
	      substvarsfile;  the default is debian/substvars.	This option is
	      understood by dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol,  dpkg-shlibdeps  and
	      dpkg-genchanges.

       -Dfield=value
	      Override	or  add	 an output control file field.	This option is
	      understood by dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -Ufield
	      Remove an output control file field.  This option is  understood
	      by dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -b|-B|-S
	      For dpkg-genchanges and dpkg-buildpackage -b and -B specify that
	      a binary-only build is  taking  place.   -b  indicates  that  no
	      source  files are to be built and/or distributed, and -B that no
	      architecture-independent binary package files are to be distrib‐
	      uted  either.   -S  specifies  that  only	 the  source should be
	      uploaded and no binary packages need to be made. The distinction
	      between  -b  and -B is only used by dpkg-buildpackage; dpkg-gen‐
	      changes just produces a .changes file for	 whatever  files  were
	      produced by the binary-* target(s) of the package being built.

	      -b  tells	 dpkg-source to build a source package (rather than to
	      extract one) - see below.

       -ccontrolfile
	      Specifies the main source control file to read information from.
	      The  default  is	debian/control.	  This option is understood by
	      dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -lchangelogfile
	      Specifies the change log file to	read  information  from.   The
	      default is debian/changelog.  This option is understood by dpkg-
	      source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -ffileslistfile
	      Read or write the list of files to be uploaded here, rather than
	      using  debian/files.   This option is understood by dpkg-gencon‐
	      trol, dpkg-genchanges and dpkg-distaddfile.

       -Fchangelogformat
	      Specifies the format of the changelog.  By default the format is
	      read  from  a special line near the bottom of the changelog (see
	      the Debian packaging manual) or failing that defaults to debian,
	      the  standard  format  described in the Debian packaging manual.
	      This option is understood by  dpkg-source,  dpkg-gencontrol  and
	      dpkg-genchanges.

       -W     This  option  turns  certain  errors  into warnings.  Only dpkg-
	      source uses  this,  but  dpkg-buildpackage  recognizes  it,  and
	      passes it thru to dpkg-source.

       -E     This  option  negates a previously set -W.  It is currently only
	      understood by dpkg-buildpackage and dpkg-source.

DPKG-SOURCE OPTIONS
       When the common options -c and -l are  given  with  relative  pathnames
       these  are  interpreted	starting at the source tree's top level direc‐
       tory.

       -x     Extract a source package.	 One  non-option  argument  should  be
	      supplied, the name of the Debian source control file (.dsc).  No
	      options are useful with dpkg-source -x.  dpkg-source  will  read
	      the names of the other file(s) making up the source package from
	      the control file; they are assumed to be in the  same  directory
	      as the .dsc.

	      The  files  in the extracted package will have their permissions
	      and ownerships set to those which would have  been  expected  if
	      the  files and directories had simply been created - directories
	      and executable files will be 0777 and plain files will be	 0666,
	      both  modified by the extractors' umask; if the parent directory
	      is setgid then the extracted directories will be	too,  and  all
	      the files and directories will inherit its group ownership.

       -b     Build:  pack  up a source tree.  One or two non-option arguments
	      should be supplied.  The first is	 taken	as  the	 name  of  the
	      directory	 containing  the  unpacked  source  tree.  If a second
	      argument is supplied it should  be  the  name  of	 the  original
	      source  directory	 or tarfile or the empty string if the package
	      is a Debian-specific one and so has no Debianisation diffs.   If
	      no  second  argument  is supplied then dpkg-source will look for
	      the original source tarfile package_upstream-version.orig.tar.gz
	      or  the  original	 source	 directory directory.orig or the empty
	      string (no original source, and so no  diff)  depending  on  the
	      arguments.

       -i[<regexp>]
	      You  may	specify	 a  perl regular expression to match files you
	      want filtered out of the list of files for the diff. (This  list
	      is  generated  by	 a  find  command.)  -i	 by itself enables the
	      option, with a default that will filter out CVS, RCS and libtool
	      .deps  subdirectories,  and  all files within them, as well as ~
	      suffixed backup files and DEADJOEs.

	      This is very helpful in cutting out extraneous  files  that  get
	      included	 in   the   .diff.gz,	(eg:  "debian/BUGS_TODO/*"  or
	      "debian/RCS/*,v").  For instance, if you maintain a package that
	      you  track  via  remote CVS, where you don't have access permis‐
	      sions for commiting the debian control files and making tags for
	      cvs-buildpackage(1),  it is necessary to perform an extra check‐
	      out/update into a directory you keep pristine, to	 generate  the
	      .orig.tar.gz  from.   That directory will have CVS/Entries files
	      in it that will contain timestamps that differ from the ones  in
	      your  working  directory,	 thus causing them to be unnecessarily
	      included in every .diff.gz, unless you use the -i switch.

       -I<filename>
	      If this option is specified, the	filename  will	be  passed  to
	      tar's   --exclude	 option	 when  it  is  called  to  generate  a
	      .orig.tar.gz or .tar.gz file. For example, -ICVS will  make  tar
	      skip  over  CVS  directories when generating a .tar.gz file. The
	      option may be repeated multiple times to list multiple filenames
	      to exclude.

       -sa,-sp,-su,-sk,-sA,-sP,-sU,-sK,-ss with -b
	      If  -sk  or  -sp	is  specified dpkg-source expects the original
	      source  as   a   tarfile,	  by   default	 package_upstream-ver‐
	      sion.orig.tar.gz.	  It  will leave this original source in place
	      as a tarfile, or copy it to the current directory	 if  it	 isn't
	      already  there  If -sp is used rather than -sk it will remove it
	      again afterwards.

	      If -su or -sr is specified the original source is expected as  a
	      directory,  by  default  package-upstream-version.orig and dpkg-
	      source will create a new original source archive	from  it.   If
	      -sr  is used dpkg-source will remove that directory after it has
	      been used.

	      If -ss is specified dpkg-source will expect  that	 the  original
	      source  is  available  both as a directory and as a tarfile.  If
	      will use the directory to create the diff, but  the  tarfile  to
	      create  the  .dsc.   This option must be used with care - if the
	      directory and tarfile do not match a bad source archive will  be
	      generated.

	      If  -sn  is specified dpkg-source will not look for any original
	      source, and will not generate a diff.  The second	 argument,  if
	      supplied,	 must  be  the empty string.  This is used for Debian-
	      specific packages which do not have a separate  upstream	source
	      and therefore have no debianisation diffs.

	      If  -sa or -sA is specified dpkg-source will look for the origi‐
	      nal source archive as a tarfile or as a directory -  the	second
	      argument,	 if  any,  may be either, or the empty string (this is
	      equivalent to using -sn).	 If a tarfile is found it will	unpack
	      it  to create the diff and remove it afterwards (this is equiva‐
	      lent to -sp); if a directory is found it will pack it to	create
	      the original source and remove it afterwards (this is equivalent
	      to -sr); if neither is found it will assume that the package has
	      no  debianisation	 diffs,	 only a straightforward source archive
	      (this is equivalent to -sn).  If both are found then dpkg-source
	      will  ignore the directory, overwriting it, if -sA was specified
	      (this is equivalent to -sP) or raise an error if -sa was	speci‐
	      fied.  -sA is the default.

	      -sa,  -sp, -sk, -su and -sr will not overwrite existing tarfiles
	      or directories.  If this is desired then -sA, -sP, -sK, -sU  and
	      -sR should be used instead.

       -sp,-su,-sn with -x
	      In all cases any existing original source tree will be removed.

	      If -sp is used when extracting then the original source (if any)
	      will be left as a tarfile.  If it is not already located in  the
	      current  directory or if an existing but different file is there
	      it will be copied there.	This is the default.

	      -su unpacks the original source tree.

	      -sn ensures that the original source is neither  copied  to  the
	      current  directory  nor unpacked.	 Any original source tree that
	      was in the current directory is still removed.

DPKG-GENCONTROL OPTIONS
       dpkg-gencontrol does not take any non-option arguments.

       -ppackage
	      Generate information for the binary  package  package.   If  the
	      source  control  file  lists  only  one binary package then this
	      option may be omitted; otherwise it is essential to select which
	      binary package's information to generate.

       -nfilename
	      Assume  the  filename of the package will be filename instead of
	      the normal package_version_arch.deb filename.

       -is, -ip, -isp
	      Include the Section and Priority fields for  this	 package  from
	      the  main source control file in the binary package control file
	      being generated.	Usually this information is not included here,
	      but  only	 in the .changes file.	-isp includes both fields, -is
	      only the Section and -ip only the Priority.

       -Ppackagebuilddir
	      Tells dpkg-source that the package is being  built  in  package‐
	      builddir	instead of debian/tmp.	This value is used to find the
	      default value of the Installed-Size  substitution	 variable  and
	      control  file  field (using du), and for the default location of
	      the output file.

       -O     Causes the control file to be printed to standard output, rather
	      than     to    debian/tmp/DEBIAN/control	  (or	 packagebuild‐
	      dir/DEBIAN/control if -P was used).

DPKG-SHLIBDEPS OPTIONS
       dpkg-shlibdeps interprets non-option  arguments	as  executable	names,
       just as if they'd been supplied as -eexecutable.

       -eexecutable
	      Include	dependencies  appropriate  for	the  shared  libraries
	      required by executable.

       -ddependencyfield
	      Add dependencies to be added  to	the  control  file  dependency
	      field  dependencyfield.	(The  dependencies  for this field are
	      placed in the variable shlibs:dependencyfield.)

	      The -ddependencyfield option takes effect	 for  all  executables
	      after the option, until the next -ddependencyfield.  The default
	      dependencyfield is Depends.

	      If the same dependency entry (or set of alternatives) appears in
	      more  than  one  of  the	recognised dependency field names Pre-
	      Depends, Depends, Recommends, Enhances or	 Suggests  then	 dpkg-
	      shlibdeps	 will  automatically  remove  the  dependency from all
	      fields except the one representing the most important  dependen‐
	      cies.

       -pvarnameprefix
	      Causes  substitution  variables  to  start  with	varnameprefix:
	      instead of shlibs:.  Likewise, any existing  substitution	 vari‐
	      ables  starting  with  varnameprefix:  (rather than shlibs:) are
	      removed from the the substitution variables file.

       -Llocalshlibsfile
	      Causes dpkg-shlibs to read overriding shared library  dependency
	      information from localshlibsfile instead of debian/shlibs.local.

       -O     Causes the substitution variable settings to be printed to stan‐
	      dard output, rather than being added to the  substitution	 vari‐
	      ables file (debian/substvars by default).

DPKG-GENCHANGES OPTIONS
       dpkg-genchanges does not take any non-option arguments.

       -uuploadfilesdir
	      Look  for the files to be uploaded in uploadfilesdir rather than
	      ..  (dpkg-genchanges needs to find these files so	 that  it  can
	      include their sizes and checksums in the .changes file).

       -q     Usually  dpkg-genchanges	will  produce  informative messages on
	      standard error, for example about	 how  many  of	the  package's
	      source files are being uploaded.	-q suppresses these messages.

DPKG-BUILDPACKAGE OPTIONS
       dpkg-buildpackage does not take any non-option arguments.

       -kkey-id
	      Specify a key-ID to use when signing packages.

       -rgain-root-command
	      When  dpkg-buildpackage  needs  to  execute  part	 of  the build
	      process as root, it prefixes the command it executes with	 gain-
	      root-command  if	one  has  been	specified.   gain-root-command
	      should be the name of a program on the  PATH  and	 will  get  as
	      arguments	 the name of the real command to run and the arguments
	      it should take.  gain-root-command should not contain spaces  or
	      any  other  shell metacharacters.	 gain-root-command might typi‐
	      cally be sudo, super or really.  su is not  suitable,  since  it
	      requires	a -c option to run a command and even then it can only
	      invoke the user's shell with -c  instead	of  passing  arguments
	      individually to the command to be run.

       -psign-command
	      When  dpkg-buildpackage  needs  to  execute GPG or PGP to sign a
	      source control (.dsc) file or a .changes file it will run	 sign-
	      command (searching the PATH if necessary) instead of pgp.	 sign-
	      command will get all the arguments that pgp would	 have  gotten.
	      If  sign-command	takes  its  arguments  in  GPG rather than PGP
	      style, you should give the -sgpg	option.	  sign-command	should
	      not contain spaces or any other shell metacharacters.

       -tc    Clean  the  source  tree	(using	gain-root-command debian/rules
	      clean) after the package has been built.

       -us, -uc
	      Do not sign the source package or	 the  .changes	file,  respec‐
	      tively.

       -aarchitecture
	      Specify  the  Debian architecture we build for. The architecture
	      of the machine we build on is determined automatically,  and  is
	      also the default for the host machine.

       -i[<regexp>]
	      Passed unchanged to dpkg-source.

       -I<filename>
	      Passed  unchanged	 to  dpkg-source.   May	 be  repeated multiple
	      times.

       -D     Check build dependencies and conflicts; abort if unsatisfied.

       -d     Do not check build dependencies and conflicts.

       -nc    Do not clean the source tree(implies -b).

DPKG-DISTADDFILE ARGUMENTS
       dpkg-distaddfile does not take any non-common options.  It takes	 three
       non-option arguments, the filename and the section and priority for the
       .changes file.

       The filename should be specified relative to the directory where	 dpkg-
       genchanges will expect to find the files, usually .., rather than being
       a pathname relative to the current directory when  dpkg-distaddfile  is
       run.

DPKG-PARSECHANGELOG ARGUMENTS
       dpkg-parsechangelog  does not take any non-common options or non-option
       arguments.

VARIABLE SUBSTITUTION
       Before dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol  and	 dpkg-genchanges  write	 their
       control	information  (to  the source control file .dsc for dpkg-source
       and to standard output for dpkg-gencontrol  and	dpkg-genchanges)  they
       perform some variable substitutions on the output file.

       A  variable substitution has the form ${variable-name}.	Variable names
       consist of alphanumerics, hyphens and colons and start with an alphanu‐
       meric.	Variable substitutions are performed repeatedly until none are
       left; the full text of the field after the substitution is rescanned to
       look for more substitutions.

       After all the substitutions have been done each occurence of the string
       ${} (which is not a legal substitution) is replaced with a $ sign.

       Variables can be set using the -V common	 option.   They	 can  be  also
       specified in the file debian/substvars (or whatever other file is spec‐
       ified using the -T option).  This file consists of lines	 of  the  form
       name=value.   Trailing  whitespace on each line, blank lines, and lines
       starting with a # symbol (comments) are ignored.

       Additionally, the following standard variables are available:

       Arch   The current build architecture (from dpkg --print-architecture).

       Source-Version
	      The source package version (from the changelog file).

       Installed-Size
	      The total size of the package's installed files.	This value  is
	      copied  into  the	 corresponding	control file field; setting it
	      will modify the value of that field.  If this variable isn't set
	      dpkg-gencontrol  will  use  du -k debian/tmp to find the default
	      value.

       Extra-Size
	      Additional disk space used when the package  is  installed.   If
	      this  variable  is  set  its  value  is  added  to  that	of the
	      Installed-Size variable (whether set  explicitly	or  using  the
	      default  value) before it is copied into the Installed-Size con‐
	      trol file field.

       F:fieldname
	      The value of the output field fieldname (which must be given  in
	      the  canonical  capitalisation).	Setting these variables has no
	      effect other than on places where they are expanded explicitly.

       Format The .changes file format version generated by  this  version  of
	      the source packaging scripts.  If you set this variable the con‐
	      tents of the Format field in the .changes file will change too.

       Newline, Space, Tab
	      These variables each hold the corresponding character.

       shlibs:dependencyfield
	      Variable settings with names of this form are generated by dpkg-
	      shlibdeps - see above.

       If a variable is referred to but not defined it generates a warning and
       an empty value is assumed.

FILES
       debian/control
	      The main source control information file,	 giving	 version-inde‐
	      pendent  information  about  the	source	package and the binary
	      packages it can produce.

       debian/changelog
	      The changelog file, used to obtain version-dependent information
	      about  the  source package, such as the urgency and distribution
	      of an upload, the changes made since a particular	 release,  and
	      the source version number itself.

       debian/files
	      The  list	 of generated files which are part of the upload being
	      prepared.	 dpkg-gencontrol adds the presumed filenames of binary
	      packages whose control files it generates here; dpkg-distaddfile
	      can be used to add additional files.  dpkg-genchanges reads  the
	      data here when producing a .changes file.

       debian/substvars
	      List of substitution variables and values.

       debian/shlibs.local
	      Package-local overriding shared library dependency information.

       /etc/dpkg/shlibs.override
	      Per-system overriding shared library dependency information.

       /etc/dpkg/shlibs.default
	      Per-system default shared library dependency information.

BUGS
       The point at which field overriding occurs compared to certain standard
       output field settings is rather confused.

       The binary package entries in the  debian/files	file  will  be	passed
       through	variable substitution twice.  This should not matter, since $,
       { and } are not legal in package names or version numbers.

       It should be possible to specify spaces and shell metacharacters in and
       initial arguments for gain-root-command and sign-command.

SEE ALSO
       Debian packaging manual,
       Debian policy manual,
       dpkg-deb(1), dpkg(8), dselect(8), gpg(1), pgp(1).

AUTHOR
       The utilities and this manpage were written by Ian Jackson.  Paths mod‐
       ified by Carsten Klapp to reflect fink distribution, December 2002.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (C) 1995-1996 Ian Jackson
       Copyright (C) 2000 Wichert Akkerman
       This is free software; see the GNU General Public Licence version 2  or
       later   for   copying   conditions.   There   is	  NO   WARRANTY.   See
       /sw/share/doc/dpkg/copyright  and   /sw/share/common-licenses/GPL   for
       details.

Debian Project			 January 2000			DPKG-SOURCE(1)
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