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DNCOPY(1)							     DNCOPY(1)

NAME
       dncopy - Copy files to/from a VMS system

SYNOPSIS
       dncopy [options] source dest
       dncopy [options] source... directory
       dntype source...
       Options:
       [-vdisklEVh]  [-m  mode]	 [-a record attributes] [-r record format] [-b
       block size] [-p VMS protection]

DESCRIPTION
       dncopy copies files to and from VMS systems.

       Files on VMS systems should be specified in the usual transparent  DEC‐
       net  format  of	node"username  password"::[directory]file.  To protect
       quotes and dollar signs from shell expansion I recommend that  all  VMS
       file  specifications be enclosed in single quotes (see EXAMPLES below).
       If you don't want to type the password on the command-line then	put  a
       hyphen ("-") in its place and you will be prompted for it.

       dncopy  can  copy single files and multiple files. If mutiple files are
       copied the destination must be a directory but it may be on  the	 local
       Linux  system  or a VMS system. The files to be copied can be a mixture
       of VMS files and local files (yes, you can copy from VMS	 to  VMS  with
       this program, though quite why you would want to I'm not sure)

       Wildcards  are supported for local and VMS files (of course local wild‐
       cards are expanded by the shell). Remember to use VMS wildcards (*%) on
       VMS filesystems and Unix wildcards (*? etc) on Unix files.

       The  pseudo-filename  '-'  may  be  used to represent standard input or
       standard output to enable dncopy to be used in a	 pipeline.   Filenames
       are changed to lower case when copied from VMS to Linux.

       The  environment DNCOPY_OPTIONS may be used to provide a default set of
       options for copying files. If (for example) you wanted to normally send
       files	as    blocks	rather	  than	  records    you   could   set
       DNCOPY_OPTIONS="-mblock".  Then, to send a file as  records  you	 would
       need to type dncopy -mrecord myfile.txt vmsbox:: instead.
       Options	in  DNCOPY_OPTIONS  may	 be overridden by options typed on the
       command-line except where there is no negating option available (see -k
       -d -i ). If you put these options in DNCOPY_OPTIONS then to remove them
       you will have to override the whole environment variable eg:
       $ DNCOPY_OPTIONS="" dncopy myfile.txt vmsbox::

       dntype is simply a version of dncopy where the output file is forced to
       "-".  Thus it takes all the same options as dncopy. It is merely a con‐
       venience.

OPTIONS
       -v     Verbose operation. The more -v options are present the more ver‐
	      bose  dncopy  will  become.  One -v is roughly equivalent to the
	      /LOG qualifier on the DCL copy command. More than one is	really
	      just useful for debugging.

       -i     Interactive  operation.  Prompts	before	copying	 a  file. This
	      option is roughly equivalent to the /CONFIRM  qualifier  on  the
	      DCL copy command.

       -l     Ignore  interlocks  on  files  copied from VMS. This will do its
	      best to read the data regardless of record or file locking,  but
	      it won't always succeed.

       -s     Show  transfer  statistics.  This	 shows	the  throughput of all
	      copies (in the case  of  wildcard	 transfers)  undertaken	 in  K
	      bytes/second.  This  time does not include that to establish the
	      connection. eg when sending to VMS the overhead  of  creating  a
	      NETSERVER process is not included.

       -k     Keep  version  numbers  on  files	 copied	 from  VMS systems. By
	      default dncopy will strip the version number from files  because
	      they have no meaning in Linux.  if you specify -k on the command
	      line then the VMS file will be created  with  exactly  the  same
	      name  as	it  had on the VMS system. To access these files under
	      Linux you will need to enclose them in  quotes.  eg  less	 "vms‐
	      file.txt;1".

       -m {record|block}
	      Sets  the	 transfer  mode	 to  block  or	record.	 record is the
	      default. Normally record is what you want but block is used  for
	      sending  binary  files  to  the VMS system. Note that if you use
	      -mblock to pull files from VMS you may not be able to make sense
	      of  the  file on Linux because dncopy will also pull all the VMS
	      internal structuring of the file as well as the data. Unless you
	      really know what you are doing -mblock is only really useful for
	      sending files.

       -a {none|ftn|cr|prn}
	      Sets the carriage control attributes for files copied to	a  VMS
	      system. The default is cr.

       -r {fix|var|vfc|stm}
	      Sets  the	 record	 format	 for files copied to a VMS system. The
	      default is stm.  In fact the default is STREAMLF as this	corre‐
	      sponds  to  the  format  of  files on Unix systems and so is the
	      least likely to result in file corruption.  If you are sending a
	      pure  text file then var or vfc may be more appropriate for your
	      application.  fix may be useful for block-structures  files  and
	      data files.

       -b N   Set the block size for transfers. The default is high enough for
	      all record structured files. if you  are	sending	 a  file  with
	      -mblock  then  you  should use this to set the block size of the
	      file to be created at the VMS end. When sending block files  the
	      default  changes to 512 as this is typically what you would want
	      (I hope).

       -d     Remove any trailing CR characters at the end of a line. This  is
	      useful  for  sending DOS files to VMS. Only works when transfer‐
	      ring in record mode.

       -p 'protection'
	      When sending files to VMS, sets the protection of the newly cre‐
	      ated remote file.	 Without this option, VMS will set the protec‐
	      tion to be the default for  the  remote  user.   The  protection
	      should  be  in VMS-style format and enclosed in single quotes to
	      protect it from the shell (see example).
	      This option is ignored when copying from VMS.

       -P     Queue the file for printing to SYS$PRINT when it arrives at  the
	      VMS end.

       -D     Delete the file when it is closed. This is only really useful in
	      conjunction with -P.

       -T connect timeout
	      Specifies the maximum amount of time the command	will  wait  to
	      establish a connection with the remote node. a 0 here will cause
	      it to wait forever. The default is 60 seconds

       -E     Ignore errors opening output files. This is  handy  if  you  are
	      sending  a  lot of Unix files to VMS, some of which have illegal
	      filenames (eg ~ backup files).  dncopy will report an error  for
	      each file but continue sending.

       -h -?  Displays help for using the command.

       -V     Show the version of the tools package that dncopy comes from.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE
       You  can	 put your most commonly used defaults in the environment vari‐
       able DNCOPY_OPTIONS eg:

       bash or ksh:
       $ DNCOPY_OPTIONS="-mblock -anone -b1024" ; export DNCOPY_OPTIONS

       csh or tcsh:
       $ setenv DNCOPY_OPTIONS "-mblock -anone -b1024"

       makes dncopy send files as 1024 byte blocks with no  carriage  control.
       You  can	 override these options by specifying replacements on the com‐
       mand-line as usual.  Be aware that some options have no converse (eg -i
       -k -d -v) so if you put these in DNCOPY_OPTIONS you cannot disable them
       without deassigning the variable.

EXAMPLES
       Copy LOGIN.COM from the VMS system "tramp" to Linux as mylogin.com

	   dncopy 'tramp"christine pjc123"::login.com' mylogin.com

       Copy all .TXT files from the VMS directory SYS$SYSDEVICE:[WP] to /tmp:

	   dncopy 'tramp"christine pjc123"::sys$sysdevice:[wp]*.txt' /tmp

       Copy an executable to VMS:

	   dncopy -mblock test.exe 'tramp"christine pjc123"::[.BIN]'

       Copy a file to VMS and set its protection

	   dncopy secret.dat  marsha:: -p (s:, o:rwed, g:re, w:)'

       Display the contents of LOGIN.COM:

	   dtype 'trisha"christine -"::login.com'
	   You will then be prompted for a password

HELPFUL HINTS
       For fetching files the defaults should serve for	 most  purposes.  Most
       VMS  files  are	record orientated and -mrecord is the default transfer
       mode. It is rare you will need to fetch files using -mblock because you
       will  get  all  the  record control information downloaded too and that
       probably isn't any use to you.

       Sending files is more complex because VMS supports far more  attributes
       than  Linux  so	you will need to know something about the file you are
       sending. Text files should be OK with the defaults unless you  need  to
       change  the  format  from the default STREAMLF to VFC or VAR.  Carriage
       control can also be specified if you want to be that picky.

       Binary files may often need to be sent -mblock to be useful at the  VMS
       end, You will probably want to specify a block size with the -b option.
       The default is 512 which is fairly useful but if you are sending	 (say)
       a  saveset  8192	 or  32256 may be required. Trial-and-error may be the
       only way in some cases unless you know the file contents very well.  If
       you  really don't know what to do, just send it -mblock and use the set
       file/attr command to massage it on the VMS end until you are happy with
       it. (If you are using VMS earlier than 6.1 then you will need the free‐
       ware FILE utility to do this)

SEE ALSO
       dntype(1), dndir(1), dndel(1), dntask(1), dnsubmit(1), dnprint(1)

DECnet utilities		January 26 2005			     DNCOPY(1)
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