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DIALOG(3)		 BSD Library Functions Manual		     DIALOG(3)

NAME
     draw_shadow, draw_box, line_edit, strheight, strwidth, dialog_create_rc,
     dialog_yesno, dialog_noyes, dialog_prgbox, dialog_msgbox, dialog_textbox,
     dialog_menu, dialog_checklist, dialog_radiolist, dialog_inputbox,
     dialog_clear_norefresh, dialog_clear, dialog_update, dialog_fselect,
     dialog_notify, dialog_mesgbox, dialog_gauge, init_dialog, end_dialog,
     use_helpfile, use_helpline, get_helpline, restore_helpline, dialog_ftree,
     dialog_tree — provide a simple ncurses-based GUI interface

SYNOPSIS
     #include <dialog.h>

     void
     draw_shadow(WINDOW *win, int y, int x, int height, int width);

     void
     draw_box(WINDOW *win, int y, int x, int height, int width, chtype box,
	 chtype border);

     int
     line_edit(WINDOW *dialog, int box_y, int box_x, int flen, int box_width,
	 chtype attr, int first, unsigned char *result, int attr_mask);

     int
     strheight(const char *p);

     int
     strwidth(const char *p);

     void
     dialog_create_rc(unsigned char *filename);

     int
     dialog_yesno(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width);

     int
     dialog_noyes(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width);

     int
     dialog_prgbox(unsigned char *title, const unsigned char *line,
	 int height, int width, int pause, int use_shell);

     int
     dialog_textbox(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *file, int height,
	 int width);

     int
     dialog_menu(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width, int menu_height, int cnt, void *it, unsigned char *result,
	 int *ch, int *sc);

     int
     dialog_checklist(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width, int list_height, int cnt, void *it,
	 unsigned char *result);

     int
     dialog_radiolist(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width, int list_height, int cnt, void *it,
	 unsigned char *result);

     int
     dialog_inputbox(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width, unsigned char *result);

     char *
     dialog_fselect(char *dir, char *fmask);

     int
     dialog_dselect(char *dir, char *fmask);

     void
     dialog_notify(char *msg);

     int
     dialog_mesgbox(unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height,
	 int width);

     void
     dialog_gauge(char *title, char *prompt, int y, int x, int height,
	 int width, int perc);

     void
     use_helpfile(char *hfile);

     void
     use_helpline(char *hline);

     char *
     get_helpline(void);

     void
     dialog_clear_norefresh(void);

     void
     dialog_clear(void);

     void
     dialog_update(void);

     void
     init_dialog(void);

     void
     end_dialog(void);

     int
     dialog_ftree(unsigned char *filename, unsigned char FS,
	 unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height, int width,
	 int menu_height, unsigned char **result);

     int
     dialog_tree(unsigned char **names, int size, unsigned char FS,
	 unsigned char *title, unsigned char *prompt, int height, int width,
	 int menu_height, unsigned char **result);

DESCRIPTION
     The dialog library attempts to provide a fairly simplistic set of fixed-
     presentation menus, input boxes, gauges, file requestors and other gen‐
     eral purpose GUI (a bit of a stretch, since it uses ncurses) objects.
     Since the library also had its roots in a shell-script writer's utility
     (see the dialog(1) command), the early API was somewhat primitively based
     on strings being passed in or out and parsed.  This API was later
     extended to take either the original arguments or arrays of
     dialogMenuItem structures, giving the user much more control over the
     internal behavior of each control.	 The dialogMenuItem structure inter‐
     nals are public:

	   typedef struct _dmenu_item {
	      char *prompt;
	      char *title;
	      int (*checked)(struct _dmenu_item *self);
	      int (*fire)(struct _dmenu_item *self);
	      int (*selected)(struct _dmenu_item *self, int is_selected);
	      void *data;
	      char lbra, mark, rbra;
	      long aux;
	   } dialogMenuItem;

     The prompt and title strings are pretty much self-explanatory, and the
     checked and fire function pointers provide optional display and action
     hooks (the data variable being available for the convenience of those
     hooks) when more tightly coupled feedback between a menu object and user
     code is required.	The selected hook also allows you to verify whether or
     not a given item is selected (the cursor is over it) for implementing
     pretty much any possible context-sensitive behavior.  A number of clever
     tricks for simulating various kinds of item types can also be done by
     adjusting the values of lbra (default: '['), mark (default: '*' for radio
     menus, 'X' for check menus) and rbra (default: ']') and declaring a rea‐
     sonable checked hook, which should return TRUE for the “marked” state and
     FALSE for “unmarked”.  The aux field is not used internally, and is
     available for miscellaneous usage.	 If an item has a fire hook associated
     with it, it will also be called whenever the item is "toggled" in some
     way and should return one of the following codes:

	 #define DITEM_SUCCESS		 0    /* Successful completion */
	 #define DITEM_FAILURE		 1    /* Failed to "fire" */

     The following flags are in the upper 16 bits of return status:

	 #define DITEM_LEAVE_MENU	 (1 << 16)
	 #define DITEM_REDRAW		 (1 << 17)
	 #define DITEM_RECREATE		 (1 << 18)
	 #define DITEM_RESTORE		 (1 << 19)
	 #define DITEM_CONTINUE		 (1 << 20)

     Two special globals also exist for putting a dialog at any arbitrary X,Y
     location (the early designers rather short-sightedly made no provisions
     for this).	 If set to zero, the default centering behavior will be in
     effect.

     Below is a short description of the various functions:

     The draw_shadow() function draws a shadow in curses window win using the
     dimensions of x, y, width and height.

     The draw_box() function draws a bordered box using the dimensions of x,
     y, width and height.  The attributes from box and border are used, if
     specified, while painting the box and border regions of the object.

     The line_edit() function invokes a simple line editor with an edit box of
     dimensions box_x, box_y and box_width.  The field length is constrained
     by flen, starting at the first character specified and optionally dis‐
     played with character attributes attr.  The string being edited is stored
     in result.	 Returns 0 on success, 1 on Cancel, and -1 on failure or ESC.

     The strheight() function returns the height of string in p, counting new‐
     lines.

     The strwidth() function returns the width of string in p, counting new‐
     lines.

     The dialog_create_rc() function dumps dialog library settings into
     filename for later retrieval as defaults.	Returns 0 on success, -1 on
     failure.

     The dialog_yesno() function displays a text box using title and prompt
     strings of dimensions height and width.  Also paint a pair of Yes and No
     buttons at the bottom.  The default selection is Yes.  If the Yes button
     is chosen, return FALSE.  If No, return TRUE.

     The dialog_noyes() function is the same as dialog_yesno(), except the
     default selection is No.

     The dialog_prgbox() function displays a text box of dimensions height and
     width containing the output of command line.  If use_shell is TRUE, line
     is passed as an argument to sh(1), otherwise it is simply passed to
     exec(3).  If pause is TRUE, a final confirmation requestor will be put up
     when execution terminates.	 Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.

     The dialog_textbox() function displays a text box containing the contents
     of file with dimensions of height and width.

     The dialog_menu() function displays a menu of dimensions height and width
     with an optional internal menu height of menu_height.  The cnt and it
     arguments are of particular importance since they, together, determine
     which of the 2 available APIs to use.  To use the older and traditional
     interface, cnt should be a positive integer representing the number of
     string pointer pairs to find in it (which should be of type char **), the
     strings are expected to be in prompt and title order for each item and
     the result parameter is expected to point to an array where the prompt
     string of the item selected will be copied.  To use the newer interface,
     cnt should be a negative integer representing the number of
     dialogMenuItem structures pointed to by it (which should be of type
     dialogMenuItem *), one structure per item.	 In the new interface, the
     result variable is used as a simple boolean (not a pointer) and should be
     NULL if it only points to menu items and the default OK and Cancel but‐
     tons are desired.	If result is non-NULL, then it is actually expected to
     point 2 locations past the start of the menu item list.  it is then
     expected to point to an item representing the Cancel button, from which
     the prompt and fire actions are used to override the default behavior,
     and it to the same for the OK button.

     Using either API behavior, the ch and sc values may be passed in to pre‐
     serve current item selection and scroll position values across calls.

     The dialog_checklist() function displays a menu of dimensions height and
     width with an optional internal menu height of list_height.  The cnt and
     it arguments are of particular importance since they, together, determine
     which of the 2 available APIs to use.  To use the older and traditional
     interface, cnt should be a positive integer representing the number of
     string pointer tuples to find in it (which should be of type char **),
     the strings are expected to be in prompt, title and state ("on" or "off")
     order for each item and the result parameter is expected to point to an
     array where the prompt string of the item(s) selected will be copied.  To
     use the newer interface, cnt should be a negative integer representing
     the number of dialogMenuItem structures pointed to by it (which should be
     of type dialogMenuItem *), one structure per item.	 In the new interface,
     the result variable is used as a simple boolean (not a pointer) and
     should be NULL if it only points to menu items and the default OK and
     Cancel buttons are desired.  If result is non-NULL, then it is actually
     expected to point 2 locations past the start of the menu item list.  it
     is then expected to point to an item representing the Cancel button, from
     which the prompt and fire actions are used to override the default behav‐
     ior, and it to the same for the OK button.

     In the standard API model, the menu supports the selection of multiple
     items, each of which is marked with an `X' character to denote selection.
     When the OK button is selected, the prompt values for all items selected
     are concatenated into the result string.

     In the new API model, it is not actually necessary to preserve "check‐
     list" semantics at all since practically everything about how each item
     is displayed or marked as "selected" is fully configurable.  You could
     have a single checklist menu that actually contained a group of items
     with "radio" behavior, "checklist" behavior and standard menu item behav‐
     ior.  The only reason to call dialog_checklist() over dialog_radiolist()
     in the new API model is to inherit the base behavior, you are no longer
     constrained by it.

     Returns 0 on success, 1 on Cancel, and -1 on failure or ESC.

     The dialog_radiolist() function displays a menu of dimensions height and
     width with an optional internal menu height of list_height.  The cnt and
     it arguments are of particular importance since they, together, determine
     which of the 2 available APIs to use.  To use the older and traditional
     interface, cnt should be a positive integer representing the number of
     string pointer tuples to find in it (which should be of type char **),
     the strings are expected to be in prompt, title and state ("on" or "off")
     order for each item and the result parameter is expected to point to an
     array where the prompt string of the item(s) selected will be copied.  To
     use the newer interface, cnt should be a negative integer representing
     the number of dialogMenuItem structures pointed to by it (which should be
     of type dialogMenuItem *, one structure per item.	In the new interface,
     the result variable is used as a simple boolean (not a pointer) and
     should be NULL if it only points to menu items and the default OK and
     Cancel buttons are desired.  If result is non-NULL, then it is actually
     expected to point 2 locations past the start of the menu item list.  it
     is then expected to point to an item representing the Cancel button, from
     which the prompt and fire actions are used to override the default behav‐
     ior, and it does the same for the traditional OK button.

     In the standard API model, the menu supports the selection of only one of
     multiple items, the currently active item marked with an `*' character to
     denote selection.	When the OK button is selected, the prompt value for
     this item is copied into the result string.

     In the new API model, it is not actually necessary to preserve "radio
     button" semantics at all since practically everything about how each item
     is displayed or marked as "selected" is fully configurable.  You could
     have a single radio menu that actually contained a group of items with
     "checklist" behavior, "radio" behavior and standard menu item behavior.
     The only reason to call dialog_radiolist() over dialog_checklistlist() in
     the new API model is to inherit the base behavior.

     Returns 0 on success, 1 on Cancel and -1 on failure or ESC.

     The dialog_inputbox() function displays a single-line text input field in
     a box displaying title and prompt of dimensions height and width.	The
     field entered is stored in result.

     Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure or ESC.

     The dialog_fselect() function brings up a file selector dialog starting
     at dir and showing only those file names matching fmask.

     Returns filename selected or NULL.

     The dialog_dselect() function brings up a directory selector dialog
     starting at dir and showing only those directory names matching fmask.

     Returns directory name selected or NULL.

     The dialog_notify() function brings up a generic "hey, you!" notifier
     dialog containing msg.

     The dialog_mesgbox() function displays a notifier dialog, but with more
     control over title, prompt, width and height.  This object will also wait
     for user confirmation, unlike dialog_notify().

     Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.

     The dialog_gauge() function displays a horizontal bar-graph style gauge.
     A value of 100 for perc constitutes a full gauge, a value of 0 an empty
     one.

     The use_helpfile() function for any menu supporting context sensitive
     help, invokes the text box object on this file whenever the F1 key is
     pressed.

     The use_helpline() function displays this line of helpful text below any
     menu being displayed.

     The get_helpline() function gets the current value of the helpful text
     line.

     The dialog_clear_norefresh() function clears the screen back to the dia‐
     log background color, but do not refresh the contents just yet.

     The dialog_clear() function clears the screen back to the dialog back‐
     ground color immediately.

     The dialog_update() function does any pending screen refreshes now.

     The init_dialog() function initializes the dialog library (call this rou‐
     tine before any other dialog API calls).

     The end_dialog() function shuts down the dialog library (call this if you
     need to get back to sanity).

     The dialog_ftree() function shows a tree described by the data from the
     file filename.  The data in the file should look like find(1) output.
     For the find(1) output, the field separator FS will be “/”.  If height
     and width are positive numbers, they set the absolute size of the whole
     dialog_ftree() box.  If height and width are negative numbers, the size
     of the dialog_ftree() box will be calculated automatically.  menu_height
     sets the height of the tree subwindow inside the dialog_ftree() box and
     must be set.  title is shown centered on the upper border of the
     dialog_ftree() box.  prompt is shown inside the dialog_ftree() box above
     the tree subwindow and can contain ‘\n’ to split lines.  One can navigate
     in the tree by pressing UP/DOWN or ‘+’/‘-’, PG_UP/PG_DOWN or ‘b’/SPACE
     and HOME/END or ‘g’/‘G’.  A leaf of the tree is selected by pressing TAB
     or LEFT/RIGHT the OK button and pressing ENTER.  filename may contain
     data like find(1) output, as well as like the output of find(1) with -d
     option.  Some of the transient paths to the leaves of the tree may be
     absent.  Such data is corrected when fed from filename.

     The function returns 0 and a pointer to the selected leaf (to the path to
     the leaf from the root of the tree) into result, if the OK button was
     selected.	The memory allocated for the building of the tree is freed on
     exiting dialog_ftree().  The memory for the result line should be freed
     later manually, if necessary.  If the Cancel button was selected, the
     function returns 1.  In case of exiting dialog_ftree() on ESC, the func‐
     tion returns -1.

     The dialog_tree() function returns the same results as dialog_ftree().
     If 0 is returned, result will contain a pointer from the array names.

SEE ALSO
     dialog(1), ncurses(3)

HISTORY
     These functions appeared in FreeBSD 2.0 as the dialog(1) command and were
     soon split into a separate library and command by Andrey Chernov.	Marc
     van Kempen implemented most of the extra controls and objects, Jordan
     Hubbard added the dialogMenuItem renovations and this man page and
     Anatoly A. Orehovsky implemented dialog_ftree() and dialog_tree().

AUTHORS
     The primary author would appear to be Savio Lam ⟨lam836@cs.cuhk.hk⟩ with
     contributions over the years by Stuart Herbert
     ⟨S.Herbert@sheffield.ac.uk⟩, Marc van Kempen ⟨wmbfmk@urc.tue.nl⟩, Andrey
     Chernov ⟨ache@FreeBSD.org⟩, Jordan Hubbard ⟨jkh@FreeBSD.org⟩ and Anatoly
     A. Orehovsky ⟨tolik@mpeks.tomsk.su⟩.

BUGS
     Sure!

BSD				January 1, 2000				   BSD
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