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dial(3NSL)	     Networking Services Library Functions	    dial(3NSL)

NAME
       dial, undial - establish an outgoing terminal line connection

SYNOPSIS
       cc [ flag... ] file... -lnsl [ library... ]
       #include <dial.h>

       int dial(CALL call);

       void undial(int fd);

DESCRIPTION
       The  dial() function returns a file-descriptor for a terminal line open
       for read/write. The argument to dial() is a CALL structure (defined  in
       the header <dial.h>).

       When  finished with the terminal line, the calling program must	invoke
       undial() to release the semaphore that has been set during the  alloca‐
       tion of the terminal device.

       CALL is defined in the header <dial.h> and has the following members:

       struct termio *attr;	  /* pointer to termio attribute struct */
       int	     baud;    /* transmission data rate */
       int	     speed;	   /* 212A modem: low=300, high=1200 */
       char	     *line;	   /* device name for out-going line */
       char	     *telno;	 /* pointer to tel-no digits string */
       int	     modem;	   /* specify modem control for direct lines */
       char	     *device;	/* unused */
       int	     dev_len;	/* unused */

       The CALL element speed is intended only for use with an outgoing dialed
       call, in which case its value should be the desired  transmission  baud
       rate.  The CALL element baud is no longer used.

       If  the desired terminal line is a direct line, a string pointer to its
       device-name should be placed in the line element in the CALL structure.
       Legal  values  for  such	 terminal device names are kept in the Devices
       file.  In this case, the value of the baud element should be set to -1.
       This  value  will  cause	 dial  to determine the correct value from the
       <Devices> file.

       The telno element is for a pointer to a character  string  representing
       the  telephone  number  to  be dialed. Such numbers may consist only of
       these characters:

       0-9			     dial 0-9
       *			     dail  *
       #			     dail  #
       ──────────────────────────────wait for secondary dial tone
       -			     delay for
       approximately 4 seconds

       The CALL element modem is used to  specify  modem  control  for	direct
       lines.  This  element  should be non-zero if modem control is required.
       The CALL element attr is a pointer to a termio structure, as defined in
       the  header  <termio.h>.	 A  NULL value for this pointer element may be
       passed to the dial function, but if such a structure is	included,  the
       elements	 specified  in	it  will be set for the outgoing terminal line
       before the connection is established. This setting is  often  important
       for certain attributes such as parity and baud-rate.

       The  CALL  elements  device  and	 dev_len  are no longer used. They are
       retained in the CALL structure for compatibility reasons.

RETURN VALUES
       On failure, a negative value indicating the reason for the failure will
       be  returned.  Mnemonics	 for these negative indices as listed here are
       defined in the header <dial.h>.

       INTRPT  −1	 /* interrupt occurred */
       D_HUNG  −2	 /* dialer hung (no return from write) */
       NO_ANS  −3	 /* no answer within 10 seconds */
       ILL_BD  −4	 /* illegal baud-rate */
       A_PROB  −5	 /* acu problem (open() failure) */
       L_PROB  −6	 /* line problem (open() failure) */
       NO_Ldv  −7	 /* can't open Devices file */
       DV_NT_A −8	 /* requested device not available */
       DV_NT_K −9	 /* requested device not known */
       NO_BD_A −10	 /* no device available at requested baud */
       NO_BD_K −11	 /* no device known at requested baud */
       DV_NT_E −12	 /* requested speed does not match */
       BAD_SYS −13	 /* system not in Systems file*/

FILES
       /etc/uucp/Devices

       /etc/uucp/Systems

       /var/spool/uucp/LCK..tty-device

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │MT-Level		     │Unsafe			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       uucp(1C), alarm(2), read(2), write(2), attributes(5), termio(7I)

NOTES
       Including  the  header  <dial.h>	 automatically	includes  the	header
       <termio.h>.  An	alarm(2)  system  call	for  3600 seconds is made (and
       caught) within the dial module for  the	purpose	 of  ``touching''  the
       LCK.. file and constitutes the device allocation semaphore for the ter‐
       minal device. Otherwise, uucp(1C) may simply delete the LCK.. entry  on
       its 90-minute clean-up rounds. The alarm may go off while the user pro‐
       gram is in a read(2) or write(2) function, causing  an  apparent	 error
       return.	If  the user program expects to be around for an hour or more,
       error returns from read()s should be checked  for  (errno==EINTR),  and
       the read() possibly reissued.

       This  interface is unsafe in multithreaded applications.	 Unsafe inter‐
       faces should be called only from the main thread.

SunOS 5.10			  30 Dec 1996			    dial(3NSL)
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