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DHCPCD(8)		    System Manager's Manual		     DHCPCD(8)

NAME
     dhcpcd — an RFC 2131 compliant DHCP client

SYNOPSIS
     dhcpcd [-dknpADEGHMLNRSTY] [-c, --script script]
	    [-h, --hostname hostname] [-i, --classid classid]
	    [-l, --leasetime seconds] [-m, --metric metric]
	    [-r, --request address] [-t, --timeout seconds]
	    [-u, --userclass class] [-F, --fqdn FQDN]
	    [-I, --clientid clientid] interface
     dhcpcd -k, --release interface
     dhcpcd -x, --exit interface

DESCRIPTION
     dhcpcd is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC 2131.
     dhcpcd gets the host information (IP address, routes, etc) from a DHCP
     server and configures the network interface of the machine on which it is
     running.  dhcpcd will then write DNS information to resolvconf(8), if
     available, otherwise directly to /etc/resolv.conf.	 dhcpcd will also con‐
     figure /etc/yp.conf and /etc/ntpd.conf with NIS and NTP information if
     the DHCP server provided them.  If those file contents changed, then
     dhcpcd will also attempt to restart the respective services to notify
     them of the change.  If the hostname is currenly blank, (null) or local‐
     host then dhcpcd will set the hostname to the one supplied by the DHCP
     server, or look it up in DNS if none supplied.  dhcpcd then daemonises
     and waits for the lease renewal time to lapse.  Then it attempts to renew
     its lease and reconfigure if the new lease changes.

   Local Link configuration
     If dhcpcd failed to obtain a lease, it will probe for a valid IPv4LL
     address (aka Zeroconf, aka APIPA).	 Once obtained it will probe every 10
     seconds for a DHCP server to get a proper address.

     Even when dhcpcd obtains a proper lease, it will still add a Local Link
     route (165.254.0.0/16) so that the host can communicate with clients
     using these addresses.

     When using IPv4LL, dhcpcd will always succeed and return a 0 exit code.
     To disable this behaviour, you can use the -L, --noipv4ll option.

   Hooking into DHCP events
     dhcpcd will run /etc/dhcpcd.sh, or the script specified by the -c,
     --script option. It will set $1 to a shell compatible file that holds
     various configuration settings obtained from the DHCP server and $2 to
     either up, down or new depending on the state of dhcpcd.  dhcpcd ignores
     the exist code of the script.

   Fine tuning
     You can fine tune the behaviour of dhcpcd with the following options :-

     -d, --debug
	     Echo debug and informational messages to the console.  Subsequent
	     debug options stop dhcpcd from daemonising.

     -h, --hostname hostname
	     By default, dhcpcd will send the current hostname to the DHCP
	     server so it can register in DNS.	You can use this option to
	     specify the hostname sent, or an empty string to stop any
	     hostname from being sent.

     -i, --classid classid
	     Override the DHCP vendor classid field we send. The default is
	     dhcpcd-<version>.

     -k, --release
	     This causes an existing dhcpcd process running on the interface
	     to release it's lease, deconfigure the interface and then exit.

     -l, --leasetime seconds
	     Request a specific lease time in seconds.	By default dhcpcd does
	     not request any lease time and leaves the it in the hands of the
	     DHCP server.

     -m, --metric metric
	     Added routes will use the metric on systems where this is sup‐
	     ported (presently only Linux).  Route metrics allow the addition
	     of routes to the same destination across different interfaces,
	     the lower the metric the more it is preferred.

     -n, --renew
	     Notifies an existing dhcpcd process running on the interface to
	     renew it's lease. If dhcpcd is not running, then it starts up as
	     normal.

     -p, --persistent
	     dhcpcd normally deconfigures the interface and configuration when
	     it exits.	Sometimes, this isn't desirable if for example you
	     have root mounted over NFS.  You can use this option to stop this
	     from happening.

     -r, --request [address]
	     dhcpcd normally sends a DHCP Broadcast to find servers to offer
	     an address.  dhcpcd will then request the address used. You can
	     use this option to skip the broadcast step and just request an
	     address.  The downside is if you request an address the DHCP
	     server does not know about or the DHCP server is not authorative,
	     it will remain silent. In this situation, we go back to the init
	     state and broadcast again.	 If no address is given then we use
	     the first address currently assigned to the interface.

     -s, --inform [address [/ cidr]]
	     Behaves exactly like -r, --request as above, but sends a DHCP
	     inform instead of a request. This requires the interface to be
	     configured first. This does not get a lease as such, just noti‐
	     fies the DHCP server of the address we are using.

     -t, --timeout seconds
	     Timeout after seconds, instead of the default 20.	A setting of 0
	     seconds causes dhcpcd to wait forever to get a lease.

     -u, --userclass class
	     Tags the DHCP message with the userclass class.  DHCP servers use
	     this give memebers of the class DHCP options other than the
	     default, without having to know things like hardware address or
	     hostname.	∞Requests that the DHCP server updates DNS using FQDN
	     instead of just a hostname. Valid values for fqdn are none, ptr
	     and both.	dhcpcd dhcpcd itself never does any DNS updates.

     -H, ---sethostname
	     Forces dhcpcd to set the hostname as supplied by the DHCP server.
	     Because some OS's and users prefer to have just the hostname, or
	     the full FQDN more -H, ---sethostname options change the behav‐
	     iour. Below is the list of possible combinations:-

	     -H	     set the hostname to the full FQDN.

	     -HH     strip the domain if it matches the dns domain.

	     -HHH    strip the domain regardless.

	     -HHHH   same as -H but force hostname lookup via DNS.

	     -HHHHH  same as above, but strip the domain if it matches the dns
		     domain.

	     -HHHHHH
		     same as above, but strip the domain regardless.

     -I, --clientid clientid
	     Send clientid as a client identifier string. If clientid matches
	     a hardware address format, such as 01:00:01:02:03:04:05 then we
	     encode it as that, otherwise as a string. You need to specify the
	     hardware type in the first byte. Ethernet is 01, and the hardware
	     address in the example is 00:01:02:03:04:05. If the clientid is a
	     blank string, then we disable DUID support and use a clientid as
	     shown above.

     -S, --mscsr
	     Microsoft have their own code for Classless Static Routes (RFC
	     3442).  You can use this option to request this as well as the
	     normal CSR. Another instace of this option only requests the Mi‐
	     crosoft CSR to prevent DHCP message over-running its maximum
	     size. DHCP server administrators should update their CSR code
	     from the Microsoft specific one to the RFC compliant one as the
	     content is fully compatible.

   Restriciting behaviour
     dhcpcd will try to do as much as it can by default. However, there are
     sometimes situations where you don't want the things to be configured
     exactly how the the DHCP server wants. Here are some option that deal
     with turning these bits off.

     -A, --noarp
	     Don't request or claim the address by ARP.

     -G, --nogateway
	     Don't set any default routes.

     -L, --noipv4ll
	     Don't use IPv4LL at all.

     -M, --nomtu
	     Don't set the MTU of the interface.

     -N, --nontp
	     Don't touch /etc/ntpd.conf or restart the ntp service.

     -R, --nodns
	     Don't send DNS information to resolvconf or touch
	     /etc/resolv.conf.

     -T, --test
	     On receipt of discover messages, simply print the contents of the
	     DHCP message to the console.  dhcpcd will not configure the
	     interface, touch any files or restart any services.

     -Y, --nonis
	     Don't touch /etc/yp.conf or restart the ypbind service.

     -D, --nisdomain
	     Forces dhcpcd to set domainname of the host to the domainname
	     option supplied by DHCP server.

     --netconfig
	     Forces dhcpcd to use the SuSE netconfig tool. This option turn on
	     following options: -N, -R, -Y and sets -c to
	     /etc/sysconfig/network/scripts/dhcpcd-hook.

NOTES
     Because dhcpcd supports InfiniBand, we put a Node-specific Client Identi‐
     fier in the ClientID field. This is required by RFC 4390. It's also
     required for DHCP IPv6 which dhcpcd should support one day. However, some
     DHCP servers have no idea what this is and reject the message as they do
     not understand type 255. This is not conformant with RFC 2132 and the
     server should be fixed. Also, some DHCP server configurations require an
     ethernet hardware address of 6 hexacdecimal numbers in the ClientID which
     is the default behaviour of most other DHCP clients. If your DHCP server
     is as desribed above, you should fix the server, or if that is not an
     option you can compile DUID support out of dhcpcd or use the -I,
     --clientid clientid option and set clientid to ''.

     ISC dhcpd, dnsmasq, udhcpd and Microsoft DHCP server 2003 default config‐
     urations work just fine with the default dhcpcd configuration.

     dhcpcd requires a Berkley Packet Filter, or BPF device on BSD based sys‐
     tems and a Linux Socket Filter, or LPF device on Linux based systems.

FILES
     /etc/dhcpcd.sh
     Bourne shell script that is run when we configure or deconfigure an
     interface.

     /var/lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd.duid
     Text file that holds the DUID used to identify the host.

     /var/lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-interface.info
     Bourne shell file that holds the DHCP values used in configuring the
     interface.	 This path is passed as the first argument to /etc/dhcpcd.sh.

SEE ALSO
     ntp(1), resolv.conf(5), resolvconf(8), yp.conf(5), ypbind(8)

STANDARDS
     RFC 2131, RFC 2132, RFC 2855, RFC 3004, RFC 3361, RFC 3397, RFC 3442, RFC
     3927, RFC 4361, RFC 4390, RFC 4702.

AUTHORS
     Roy Marples ⟨roy@marples.name⟩

BUGS
     Please report them to http://bugs.marples.name

				 Feb 20, 2008
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