des_crypt man page on Ultrix

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des_crypt(3krb)						       des_crypt(3krb)

Name
       des_crypt - Data Encryption Standard (DES) encryption library routines.

Syntax
	#include <des.h>

	int des_string_to_key	 (str, key)
	char	      *str;
	C_Block	 *key;

	int des_is_weak_key (key)
	C_Block	 key;

	unsigned long des_quad_cksum  (input, output, length,
						       iterations, seed)
	unsigned char  *input;
	unsigned long *output;
	long	      length;
	int	 iterations;
	C_Block	 *seed;

	int des_key_sched  (key, schedule)
	C_Block	 key;
	Key_schedule  schedule;

Arguments
       key	For  key is a pointer to a of 8-byte length.  For and key is a
		pointer to a DES key.

       str	A string that is converted to an 8-byte DES key.

       input	Pointer to a block of data to which a quadratic checksum algo‐
		rithm is applied.

       output	Pointer	 to  a pre-allocated buffer that will contain the com‐
		plete output from the quadratic checksum algorithm.  For  each
		iteration  of  the  quadratic  checksum	 applied to the input,
		eight bytes (two longwords) of data are generated.

       length	Length of the data to which the quadratic  checksum  algorithm
		will  be applied.  If input contains more than length bytes of
		data, then the quadratic checksum  will	 only  be  applied  to
		length bytes of input.

       iterations
		The  number  of iterations of the algorithm to apply to input.
		If output is NULL, then one iteration of the algorithm will be
		applied	 to  input, no matter what the value of iterations is.
		The maximum number of iterations is four.

       seed	An 8-byte quantity used as a seed to the input	of  the	 algo‐
		rithm.

       schedule A  representation of a DES key in a form more easily used with
		encryption algorithms.	It is used as input to the routines.

Description
       The routines are designed to provide the cryptographic  routines	 which
       are  used to support authentication.  Specifically, and are designed to
       be used with the DES key which is shared between one Kerberos principal
       and  its	 authenticated	peer  to provide an easy authentication method
       after the initial Kerberos authentication pass.	and  are  designed  to
       enable  the  input and inspection of a key by a user before that key is
       used with the Kerberos authentication routines.	The routines  are  not
       designed for general encryption.

       The  library  makes  extensive  use  of	the locally defined data types
       C_Block and Key_schedule. The C_Block struct is an 8-byte block used by
       the  various  routines  of  the library as the fundamental unit for DES
       data and keys.

Routines
       string_to_key
	      Converts a null-terminated string	 of  arbitrary	length	to  an
	      8-byte,  odd-byte-parity DES key.	 The str argument is a pointer
	      to the character string to be converted  and  key	 points	 to  a
	      C_Block  supplied	 by  the  caller to receive the generated key.
	      The one-way function used to convert the string to a  key	 makes
	      it  very difficult for anyone to reconstruct the string from the
	      key.  No meaningful value is returned.

       des_is_weak_key
	      checks a new key input by a user to determine if it  belongs  to
	      the well known set of DES keys which do not provide good crypto‐
	      graphic behavior.	 If a key passes the inspection of then it can
	      be used with the routine.	 The input is a DES key and the output
	      is equal to 1 if the key is not a safe key to use; it  is	 equal
	      to 0 if it is safe to use.

       des_quad_cksum
	      Produces	a checksum by chaining quadratic operations on cleart‐
	      ext data.	 can be used to produce a  normal  quadratic  checksum
	      and,  if	used with the DES key shared between two authenticated
	      Kerberos principals, it can also provide for the	integrity  and
	      authentication  protection  of  data  sent from one principal to
	      another.

	      Input of length bytes are run  through  the  routine  iterations
	      times  to	 produce  output.  If output is NULL, one iteration is
	      performed and output is not affected.  If output	is  not	 NULL,
	      the  quadratic  checksum	algorithm will be performed iterations
	      times on input, placing eight bytes (two longwords) of result in
	      output  for each iteration.  At all times, the low-order bits of
	      the last quadratic checksum algorithm pass are returned by

	      The quadratic checksum algorithm performs a checksum  on	a  few
	      bytes  of	 data  and  feeds  the result into the algorithm as an
	      addition input to the checksum on the next few bytes.  The  seed
	      serves  as the additional input for the first checksum operation
	      and, therefore, the final checksum that results depends upon the
	      seed  input  into	 the algorithm.	 If the DES key shared between
	      two Kerberos principals is used as the initial seed, then	 since
	      the  checksum that results depends upon the seed, the ability to
	      produce the checksum proves identity and authentication.	 Also,
	      since  the  message  cannot  be altered without knowledge of the
	      seed, it also provides for data integrity.

       des_key_sched
	      is used to convert the key input into a new format that  can  be
	      used  readily  with encryption functions.	 The result, schedule,
	      can be used with the functions to enable	mutual	authentication
	      of two Kerberos principals.

	      0 is returned from if successful.
	      -1  is  returned	if  the each byte of the key does not have odd
	      parity.
	      -2 is returned if the key is a weak key as defined by

							       des_crypt(3krb)
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