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encrypt(1)			 User Commands			    encrypt(1)

NAME
       encrypt, decrypt - encrypt or decrypt files

SYNOPSIS
       /usr/bin/encrypt	 -l  | -a algorithm [-v] [-k key_file] [-i input_file]
       [-o output_file]

       /usr/bin/decrypt -l | -a algorithm [-v] [-k key_file]  [-i  input_file]
       [-o output_file]

DESCRIPTION
       This  utility  encrypts	or  decrypts the given file or stdin using the
       algorithm specified. If no output file is specified, output is to stan‐
       dard  out.  If input and output are the same file, the encrypted output
       is written to a temporary work file in the  same	 filesystem  and  then
       used to replace the original file.

       On decryption, if the input and output are the same file, the cleartext
       replaces the ciphertext file.

       The output file of encrypt and the input file for decrypt contains  the
       following information:

	 ·  Output  format  version number, 4 bytes in network byte order. The
	    current version is 1.

	 ·  Iterations used in key generation function, 4  bytes  in   network
	    byte order.

	 ·  IV (ivlen bytes)[1]. iv data is generated by random bytes equal to
	    one block size.

	 ·  Salt data used in key generation (16 bytes).

	 ·  Cipher text data.

OPTIONS
       The following options are supported:

       -a algorithm	       Specify the name of the algorithm to use during
			       the   encryption	 or  decryption	 process.  See
			       USAGE, Algorithms for details.

       -i input_file	       Specify the input file.	Default	 is  stdin  if
			       input_file is not specified.

       -k key_file	       Specify	the  file containing the key value for
			       the encryption algorithm.  Each	algorithm  has
			       specific	 key  material requirements, as stated
			       in the PKCS#11  specification.  If  -k  is  not
			       specified,  encrypt  prompts  for  key material
			       using getpassphrase(3C).

			       For information on generating a key  file,  see
			       dd(1M) or System Administration Guide: Security
			       Services.

       -l		       Display the list of algorithms available on the
			       system.	This  list can change depending on the
			       configuration of the  cryptographic  framework.
			       The keysizes are displayed in bits.

       -o output_file	       Specify	output file. Default is stdout if out‐
			       put_file is not specified. If  stdout  is  used
			       without	redirecting  to	 a  file, the terminal
			       window can  appear  to  hang  because  the  raw
			       encrypted  or  decrypted data has disrupted the
			       terminal emulation, much like viewing a	binary
			       file can do at times.

       -v		       Display verbose information. See Verbose.

USAGE
   Algorithms
       The  supported  algorithms are displayed with their minimum and maximum
       key sizes in the -l option. These algorithms are provided by the	 cryp‐
       tographic  framework.  Each supported algorithm is an alias of the PKCS
       #11 mechanism that is the most commonly used and least restricted  ver‐
       sion  of	 a  particular algorithm type. For example: des is an alias to
       CKM_DES_CBC_PAD and arcfour is an alias to CKM_RC4. Algorithm  variants
       with no padding or ECB are not supported.

       These aliases are used with the -a option and are case-sensitive.

   Passphrase
       When  the -k option is not used during encryption and decryption tasks,
       the user is prompted for a passphrase. The  passphrase  is  manipulated
       into a more secure key using the PBKDF2 algorithm specified in PKCS #5.

       When  a	passphrase  is used with encrypt and decrypt, the user entered
       passphrase is turned into an encryption key using the PBKDF2  algorithm
       as defined defined in http://www.rsasecurity.com, PKCS #5 v2.0.

   Verbose
       If  an  input file is provided to the command, a progress bar spans the
       screen. The progress bar denotes every 25% completed with a  pipe  sign
       (|).  If	 the  input  is from standard input, a period (.) is displayed
       each time 40KB is read. Upon completion of both input methods, Done  is
       printed.

EXAMPLES
       Example 1: Listing Available Algorithms

       The following example lists available algorithms:

       example$ encrypt -l
       Algorithm       Keysize:	 Min   Max
       -----------------------------------
       aes			 128   128
       arcfour			   8   128
       des			  64	64
       3des			 192   192

       Example 2: Encrypting Using AES

       The following example encrypts using AES and prompts for the encryption
       key:

       example$ encrypt -a aes -i myfile.txt -o secretstuff

       Example 3: Using an In Pipe to Provide Encrypted Tape Backup

       The following example uses an in pipe to provide encrypted tape backup:

       example$ ufsdump 0f - /var | encrypt -a arcfour \
	   -k /etc/mykeys/backup.k | dd of=/dev/rmt/0

       Example 4: Using an In Pipe to Restore Tape Backup

       The following example uses and in pipe to restore a tape backup:

       example$ decrypt -a arcfour -k /etc/mykeys/backup.k \
	   -i /dev/rmt/0 | ufsrestore xvf -

       Example 5: Encrypting an Input File Using the 3DES Algorithm

       The following example encrypts the inputfile file with the 192-bit  key
       stored in the des3key file:

       example$ encrypt -a 3des -k des3key -i inputfile -o outputfile

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values are returned:

       0	Successful completion.

       >0	An error occurred.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Availability		     │SUNWcsu			   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability	     │Evolving			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       digest(1),    mac(1),   dd(1M),	 getpassphrase(3C),   libpkcs11(3LIB),
       attributes(5), pkcs11_softtoken(5)

       System Administration Guide: Security Services

       RSA PKCS#11 v2.11: http://www.rsasecurity.com

       RSA PKCS#5 v2.0: http://www.rsasecurity.com

SunOS 5.10			  20 Jan 2006			    encrypt(1)
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