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DEBOOTSTRAP(8)		    Debian GNU/Linux manual		DEBOOTSTRAP(8)

NAME
       debootstrap - Bootstrap a basic Debian system

SYNOPSIS
       debootstrap [OPTION...]	SUITE TARGET [MIRROR [SCRIPT]]

       debootstrap [OPTION...]	--second-stage

DESCRIPTION
       debootstrap  bootstraps a basic Debian system of SUITE into TARGET from
       MIRROR by running SCRIPT.  MIRROR can be an  http://  URL,  a  file:///
       URL, or an ssh:/// URL.

       The  SUITE  may	be  a release code name (eg, sid, jessie, wheezy) or a
       symbolic name (eg, unstable, testing, stable, oldstable)

       Notice that file:/ URLs are translated to file:/// (correct  scheme  as
       described  in  RFC1738 for local filenames), and file:// will not work.
       ssh://USER@HOST/PATH URLs are retrieved using scp; use of ssh-agent  or
       similar is strongly recommended.

       Debootstrap  can be used to install Debian in a system without using an
       installation disk but can also be used to run a different Debian flavor
       in  a  chroot  environment.   This  way you can create a full (minimal)
       Debian installation which can be used for  testing  purposes  (see  the
       EXAMPLES	 section).   If	 you  are looking for a chroot system to build
       packages please take a look at pbuilder.

OPTIONS
       --arch=ARCH
	      Set the target architecture (use if dpkg isn't installed).   See
	      also --foreign.

       --include=alpha,beta
	      Comma separated list of packages which will be added to download
	      and extract lists.

       --exclude=alpha,beta
	      Comma separated list of packages	which  will  be	 removed  from
	      download	and extract lists.  WARNING: you can and probably will
	      exclude essential packages, be careful using this option.

       --components=alpha,beta
	      Use packages from the listed components of the archive.

       --no-resolve-deps
	      By default, debootstrap will attempt  to	automatically  resolve
	      any  missing  dependencies, warning if any are found.  Note that
	      this is not a complete dependency resolve in the sense  of  dpkg
	      or  apt,	and  that  it is far better to specify the entire base
	      system than rely on this option.	With this option set, this be‐
	      haviour is disabled.

       --variant=minbase|buildd|fakechroot|scratchbox
	      Name  of	the  bootstrap	script variant to use.	Currently, the
	      variants supported are minbase, which  only  includes  essential
	      packages	and  apt;  buildd,  which installs the build-essential
	      packages into TARGET; and fakechroot, which installs  the	 pack‐
	      ages without root privileges.  Finally there is variant scratch‐
	      box, which is for creating targets for  scratchbox  usage.   The
	      default,	with  no  --variant=X  argument,  is  to create a base
	      Debian installation in TARGET.

       --keyring=KEYRING
	      Override the default keyring for the  distribution  being	 boot‐
	      strapped,	 and  use  KEYRING  to	check  signatures of retrieved
	      Release files.

       --no-check-gpg
	      Disables checking gpg signatures of retrieved Release files.

       --verbose
	      Produce more info about downloading.

       --print-debs
	      Print the packages to be installed, and exit.  Note that a  TAR‐
	      GET  directory  must  be	specified  so debootstrap can download
	      Packages files to determine which packages should be  installed,
	      and  to  resolve	dependencies.	The  TARGET  directory will be
	      deleted unless --keep-debootstrap-dir is specified.

       --download-only
	      Download packages, but don't perform installation.

       --foreign
	      Do the initial unpack phase of bootstrapping only,  for  example
	      if the target architecture does not match the host architecture.
	      A copy of debootstrap sufficient for  completing	the  bootstrap
	      process  will  be	 installed  as /debootstrap/debootstrap in the
	      target filesystem.  You  can  run	 it  with  the	--second-stage
	      option to complete the bootstrapping process.

       --second-stage
	      Complete	the bootstrapping process.  Other arguments are gener‐
	      ally not needed.

       --second-stage-target=DIR
	      Run second stage in a subdirectory instead of root. (can be used
	      to create a foreign chroot) (requires --second-stage)

       --keep-debootstrap-dir
	      Don't delete the /debootstrap directory in the target after com‐
	      pleting the installation.

       --unpack-tarball=FILE
	      Acquire .debs from tarball FILE instead of downloading via http.

       --make-tarball=FILE
	      Instead of bootstrapping, make a tarball (written	 to  FILE)  of
	      the downloaded packages.	The resulting tarball may be passed to
	      a later --unpack-tarball.

       --debian-installer
	      Used for internal purposes by the debian-installer

       --extractor=TYPE
	      Override automatic .deb extractor selection to TYPE.   Supported
	      extractors are: dpkg-deb and ar.

       --no-check-certificate
	      Do not check certificate against certificate authorities

       --certificate=FILE
	      Use the client certificate stored in file (PEM)

       --private-key=FILE
	      Read the private key from file

EXAMPLES
       To setup a wheezy system:

	    debootstrap wheezy ./wheezy-chroot http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian

	    debootstrap wheezy ./wheezy-chroot file:///LOCAL_MIRROR/debian

       Full process to create a complete Debian installation of sid (unstable)
       in a chroot:

	    main # debootstrap sid sid-root http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/
	    [ ... watch it download the whole system ]
	    main # echo "proc sid-root/proc proc defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
	    main # mount proc sid-root/proc -t proc
	    main # echo "sysfs sid-root/sys sysfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
	    main # mount sysfs sid-root/sys -t sysfs
	    main # cp /etc/hosts sid-root/etc/hosts
	    main # chroot sid-root /bin/bash

AUTHOR
       debootstrap was written by Anthony Towns <ajt@debian.org>.   This  man‐
       page was written by Matt Kraai <kraai@debian.org>.

Debian Project			  2001-04-27			DEBOOTSTRAP(8)
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