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create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect(1)			create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect(1)

NAME
       create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect  - bitmap generator for rectangular conduc‐
       tor inside rectangular conductor (part of atlc)

SYNOPSIS
       create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect [options... ] W H a b c d w h Er1 Er2 file‐
       name.bmp

WARNING
       This  man  page is not a complete set of documentation - the complexity
       of the atlc project makes man pages not an ideal way  to	 document  it,
       although	 out  of completeness, man pages are produced.	The best docu‐
       mentation that was current at the time the version was produced	should
       be found on your hard drive, usually at
       /usr/local/share/atlc/docs/html-docs/index.html
       although	 it  might  be elsewhere if your system administrator chose to
       install the package elsewhere. Sometimes, errors are corrected  in  the
       documentation  and  placed at http://atlc.sourceforge.net/ before a new
       release of atlc is released.  Please, if you notice a problem with  the
       documentation - even spelling errors and typos, please let me know.

DESCRIPTION
       create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect  is	a  pre-processor  for atlc, the finite
       difference program that is used to calculate the properties  of	a  two
       and  three  conductor  electrical  transmission line of arbitrary cross
       section. The program create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect is used as a fast  way
       of generating bitmaps (there is no need to use a graphics program), for
       a rectangular  conductor	 inside	 a  rectangular	 conductor,  with  two
       dieletrics, like this:

       -----------------------------------------------------  ^
       |						   |  |
       |     <--------------d------------------->	   |  |
       |						   |  |
       |	 <----------w----------->		   |  |
       |	 ------------------------   ^		   |  |
       |	 |			|   |		   |  |
       |	 |  Metallic conductor	|   |		   |  H
       |<----b-->|  conductor (can be	|   c	Er1	   |  |
       |	 |  off-centre)		|   |		   |  |
       |	 |			|   |		   |  |
       |     ------------------------------------ ^	   |  |
       |     |..................................| |	   |  |
       |     |...Dielectric, permittivity=Er2...| |	   |  |
       |<-a->|.....(can be off centre ).........| h	   |  |
       |     |..................................| |	   |  |
       |     |..................................| |	   |  |
       -----------------------------------------------------  |
       <---------------------------W----------------------->

       The  parameters	'W' and 'H' and the inner dimensions of the outer con‐
       ductor.	The outer dimensions of the inner conductor are 'w'  and  'c'.
       The  inner  conductor is assumed to rest on a dielectric (Er2) which is
       'd' wide and outer conductor an the inner conductor is offset 'b'  from
       the left hand sidewall of the outer conductor. The whole region is sur‐
       rounded by a dielectric of relative permittivity 'Er1'. The dielectrics
       'Er1' and then 'Er1' and 'Er2' will both be 1.0

       The bitmap is printed to the file specifiled as the last argument

       create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect -f filename.bmp W H a b c d w h Er1 Er2

       The  bitmaps  produced  by  create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect	are 24-bit bit
       colour bitmaps, as are required by atlc.

       The permittivities of the bitmap, set by 'Er1' and 'Er2', determine the
       colours	in  the	 bitmap. If Er1 or Er2 is 1.0, 1.0006, 2.1, 2.2, 2.33,
       2.5, 3.3, 3.335, 3.7, 4.8, 10.2 or 100, then the	 colour	 corresponding
       to  that	 permittivity  will be set according to the colours defined in
       COLOURS below. If Er1 is not one of those permittivities, the region of
       permittivity  Er1 will be set to the colour 0xCAFF00. If Er2 is not one
       of those values, then the region of the image will be set to the colour
       0xAC82AC.  The program atlc does not know what these permittivites are,
       so they atlc, must be told with the comand line option -d, as in	 exam‐
       ple 4 below.

OPTIONS
       -b bitmapsize
       is  used	 to  set  the size of the bitmap, and so the accuracy to which
       atlc is able to	calculate  the	transmission  line's  properties.  The
       default	value  for 'bitmapsize' is normally 4, although this is set at
       compile time. The value can be set anywhere from 1 to 15, but more than
       8 is probably not sensible.

       -f outfile
       Set  the output filename. By default, the bitmap is sent to stdout, but
       it *must* be sent to a file, with this option, or as described above.

       -v
       Causes create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect to print some data to stderr.	 Note,
       nothing	extra goes to standard output, as that is expected to be redi‐
       rected to a bitmap file.

COLOURS
       The 24-bit bitmaps that atlc expects, have 8 bits assigned to represent
       the amount of red, 8 for blue and 8 for green. Hence there are 256 lev‐
       els of red, green and blue,  making  a  total  of  256*256*256=16777216
       colours.	  Every	 one  of  the possible 16777216 colours can be defined
       precisely by the stating the exact amount of red, green	and  blue,  as
       in:

       red	   = 255,000,000 or 0xff0000
       green	   = 000,255,000 or 0x00ff00
       blue	   = 000,000,255 or 0x0000ff
       black	   = 000,000,000 or 0x000000
       white	   = 255,255,255 or 0xffffff
       Brown	   = 255,000,255 or 0xff00ff
       gray	   = 142,142,142 or 0x8e8e8e

       Some  colours, such as pink, turquoise, sandy, brown, gray etc may mean
       slightly different things to different people.  This  is	 not  so  with
       atlc, as the program expects the colours below to be EXACTLY defined as
       given. Whether you feel the colour is sandy or yellow is up to you, but
       if  you	use  it	 in  your  bitmap, then it either needs to be a colour
       recognised by atlc, or you must define it with a	 command  line	option
       (see OPTIONS and example 5 below).
       red    = 255,000,000 or 0xFF0000 is the live conductor.
       green  = 000,255,000 or 0x00FF00 is the grounded conductor.
       blue   = 000,000,000 or 0x0000FF is the negative conductor

       All  bitmaps  must  have the live (red) and grounded (green) conductor.
       The blue conductor is not currently supported, but it will be  used  to
       indicate a negative conductor, which will be needed if/when the program
       gets extended to analyse directional couplers.

       The following dielectrics are recognised by atlc and so are produced by
       create_bmp_for_rect_cen_in_rect.

       white	 255,255,255 or 0xFFFFFF as Er=1.0    (vacuum)
       pink	 255,202,202 or 0xFFCACA as Er=1.0006 (air)
       L. blue	 130,052,255 or 0x8235EF as Er=2.1    (PTFE)
       Mid gray	 142,242,142 or 0x8E8E8E as Er=2.2    (duroid 5880)
       mauve	 255.000,255 or 0xFF00FF as Er=2.33  (polyethylene)
       yellow	 255,255,000 or 0xFFFF00 as Er=2.5    (polystyrene)
       sandy	 239,203,027 or 0xEFCC1A as Er=3.3    (PVC)
       brown	 188,127,096 or 0xBC7F60 as Er=3.335  (epoxy resin)
       Turquoise 026,239,179 or 0x1AEFB3 as Er=4.8    (glass PCB)
       Dark gray 142,142,142 or 0x696969 as Er=6.15   (duroid 6006)
       L. gray	 240,240,240 or 0xDCDCDC as Er=10.2  (duroid 6010)
       D.  orange  213,160,067	or  0xD5A04D as Er=100.0 (mainly for test pur‐
       poses)

EXAMPLES
       Here are a few examples	of  the	 use  of  create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect.
       Again,	 see   the   html   documentation   in	 atlc-X.Y.Z/docs/html-
       docs/index.html for more examples.

       In the first example, there is just an air dielectric, so  Er1=Er2=1.0.
       The  inner  of  1x1 inches (or mm, miles etc) is placed centrally in an
       outer with dimensions 3 x 3 inches.

       The exact place where the dielectric starts (a) and its width  (d)  are
       unimportant, but they must still be entered.

       % create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 > ex1.bmp
       % atlc ex1.bmp

       In  this	 second example, an inner of 15.0 mm x 0.5 mm is surrounded by
       an outer with internal dimensions of 61.5 x 20.1 mm. There is  a	 mate‐
       rial  with permittivity 2.1 (Er of PTFE) below the inner conductor. The
       output from create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect is  sent	 to  a	file  ex1.bmp,
       which is then processed by atlc

       %  create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect  61.5  20.1  5  22 0.5 50 15 5 1.0 2.1 >
       ex2.bmp
       % atlc ex2.bmp

       In example 3, the bitmap is made larger, to increase accuracy, but oth‐
       erwise	this   is   identical	to   the   second   example.   %  cre‐
       ate_bmp_for_rect_in_rect -b7 61.5 20.1 5 22 0.5	50  15	5  1.0	2.1  >
       ex3.bmp
       % atlc ex3.bmp

       In  the	fourth example, materials with permittivites 2.78 and 7.89 are
       used.   While   there   is   no	 change	  in   how   to	   use	  cre‐
       ate_bmp_for_rect_in_rect,  since these permittivities are not known, we
       must tell atlc what they are.  % create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect 61 20 1  4
       22 0.5 50 15 5 2.78 7.89 > ex5.bmp % atlc -d CAFF00=2.78 -d AC82AC=7.89
       ex5.bmp In the sixth and final example, the -v option is used to	 print
       some extra data to stderr from create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect.

SEE ALSO
       atlc(1)	create_bmp_for_circ_in_circ(1)	create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect(1)
       create_bmp_for_microstrip_coupler(1) create_bmp_for_rect_cen_in_rect(1)
       create_bmp_for_rect_cen_in_rect_coupler(1)			  cre‐
       ate_bmp_for_rect_in_circ(1)  create_bmp_for_stripline_coupler(1)	  cre‐
       ate_bmp_for_symmetrical_stripline(1)    design_coupler(1)    find_opti‐
       mal_dimensions_for_microstrip_coupler(1) readbin(1)

       http://atlc.sourceforge.net		  - Home page
       http://sourceforge.net/projects/atlc	  - Download area
       atlc-X.Y.Z/docs/html-docs/index.html	  - HTML docs
       atlc-X.Y.Z/docs/qex-december-1996/atlc.pdf - theory paper
       atlc-X.Y.Z/examples			  - examples

Dr. David Kirkby	   atlc-4.5.0 28th Sept create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect(1)
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