cpio man page on Tru64

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cpio(1)								       cpio(1)

NAME
       cpio - Copies files to and from archive storage.

SYNOPSIS
       cpio -o[aBcehvV] [-C value] [-M"string"] [-Odevice]

       cpio  -i[bBcdefmrsStuvz6]  [-C  value]  [-M"string"]  [-Idevice]	 [pat‐
       tern...]

       cpio -p[adlmruvV] directory

STANDARDS
       Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry	 stan‐
       dards as follows:

       cpio:  XCU5.0

       Refer  to  the  standards(5)  reference page for more information about
       industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS
       A hyphen (-) is required before the -i, -I, -o, -O, and -p options; all
       other options follow -i, -o, or -p without leading spaces and without a
       hyphen.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The following two options are preceded by	a  hyphen  and
       must  be	 used separately from the other options.  [Tru64 UNIX]	Speci‐
       fies the input device containing the archive.  This  argument  must  be
       present to import data from a device.  [Tru64 UNIX]  Specifies the out‐
       put device to store the archive.	 This  argument	 must  be  present  to
       export data to a device.

       Not  all	 of the following options can be used with each of the -o, -i,
       and -p options.	Resets the access times of copied files to the current
       time.   (When  the  l option is also specified, the access times of the
       linked files are not reset.)  [Tru64 UNIX]  Swaps both bytes and	 half‐
       words.	(See  also  the s and S options.) If there is an odd number of
       bytes or halfwords in the file being processed, data can be lost.  This
       option  can  only  be  used with cpio -i.  Performs block input/output,
       5120 bytes to a record. This option cannot be used with cpio -p.	 It is
       meaningful  only	 with  data directed to or from /dev/tape/tape*.  This
       option does not work with certain magnetic tape drives.	The  C	and  B
       options	are  mutually exclusive.  If you specify both, the last one on
       the command line is used.  Writes header information in ASCII character
       form.  Specify  this  option when POSIX compliance is required and when
       you are creating or restoring archives  for  or	from  another  system.
       [Tru64  UNIX]  Performs	block  input/output  using value as the record
       size.  The C and B options are  mutually	 exclusive.   If  you  specify
       both, the last one on the command line is used.	Creates directories as
       needed.	 [Tru64	 UNIX]	Read  or  write	 cpio  header  information  in
       extended	 cpio  header  format.	Use this option to read or write block
       special or character special files.  Any cpio archives created with the
       e  option  of  Tru64  UNIX Version 4.0 are not backward compatible with
       earlier versions of Tru64 UNIX.	Copies all files except those matching
       pattern	(cpio  -i only).  [Tru64 UNIX]	Forces cpio to follow symbolic
       links as if they were normal files or directories.   The	 cpio  command
       does  not follow symbolic links, but instead saves the link text in the
       archive.	 Links files rather than copying them, whenever possible. Hard
       links are created rather than symbolic (soft) links. This option can be
       used only with cpio -p.	Retains the previous file  modification	 time.
       This   option   cannot	be  used  when	copying	 directories.	[Tru64
       UNIX]  Specifies the End-of-Media message.  This option is used to cus‐
       tomize  the message that appears when it is time to change archive vol‐
       umes.  The -M option is valid only when -I or  -O  is  also  specified.
       Causes  cpio  to	 ask whether or not to rename each file before copying
       it.  If you do not want to change the file name, enter the current file
       name.   You can press <Return> only to have cpio skip copying the file.
       [Tru64 UNIX]  Swaps bytes.  This option can be used only with cpio  -i.
       If  there  is  an odd number of bytes in the file being processed, data
       can be lost.  [Tru64 UNIX]  Swaps halfwords.  This option can  be  used
       only  with cpio -i.  If there is an odd number of halfwords in the file
       being processed, data can be lost.  Creates a table of contents of  the
       input.	This  option does not copy any files.  Copies unconditionally.
       Otherwise, a file from the archive with the same name  as  an  existing
       file  in	 the  file  system  is copied only if the archived file is the
       newer one.  Lists file names.  If  you  use  this  option  with	the  t
       option,	the output looks similar to that of the ls -l command.	[Tru64
       UNIX]  Prevents any extended attributes from being archived with	 asso‐
       ciated  files.	This option is particularly useful for archiving files
       that are to be restored with previous versions of tar and cpio.	[Tru64
       UNIX]  Positions	 the  tape after the EOF marker on extraction or list‐
       ing.  The z option lets the user extract or list tapes that have multi‐
       ple  archives  on them one after the other without error as a result of
       the tape not being positioned correctly	for  the  next	extraction  or
       listing.	  [Tru64  UNIX]	 Processes  an	old  file (one written in UNIX
       Sixth Edition format).  This option can be used only with cpio -i.

OPERANDS
       A pathname of an existing directory to be used as the  target  of  cpio
       -p.   Expressions  making use of a pattern-matching notation similar to
       that used by the shell for file name pattern matching, and  similar  to
       regular	expressions. The following metacharacters are defined: Matches
       any string, including the empty string.	Matches any single  character.
       Matches	any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of characters sepa‐
       rated by `-' matches  any  symbol  between  the	pair  (inclusive),  as
       defined by the system default collating sequence.

	      In  pattern, the special characters ?, *, and [ also match the /
	      character.

	      Multiple cases of pattern can be specified and if no pattern  is
	      specified,  the  default	for  pattern is * (that is, select all
	      files).

DESCRIPTION
       The cpio command copies files between archive storage and the file sys‐
       tem.   It is used to save and restore data from traditional format cpio
       archives.

       There are three versions of the cpio command:

       cpio -o (copy out)

       This command reads file pathnames from standard input and copies	 these
       files  to  standard output along with pathnames and status information.
       Output is padded to a 512-byte boundary.

       cpio -i (copy in)

       This command reads from standard input an archive file created  by  the
       cpio -o command and copies from it the files with names that match pat‐
       tern.  These files are copied into the  current	directory  tree.   The
       file  permissions  are  the same as the permissions associated with the
       files copied out using cpio -o but if umask is used it sets the permis‐
       sions  as  per umask. The owner and group of the files are those of the
       current user unless the user is superuser, in which case	 cpio  retains
       the owner and group of the files of the previous cpio -o.

       You  can	 list  more  than  one	pattern	 using	the file name notation
       described.  The default pattern is *, selecting all files  in  the  ar‐
       chive.	In  an	expression  such  as [a-z], the hyphen means “through”
       according to the current collating sequence.  The collating sequence is
       determined by the LC_COLLATE environment variable.

       cpio -p (directory copy)

       This  command reads file pathnames from standard input and copies these
       files into the named directory.	The specified directory	 must  already
       exist.	If these pathnames include directory names and if these direc‐
       tories do not already exist, you must use the -d option	to  cause  the
       directories to be created.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Special files are not supported.  Pathnames cannot exceed
       128 bytes.  Avoid giving cpio pathnames made up of many uniquely linked
       files  because  cpio might not have enough memory to keep track of them
       and could lose linking information.

NOTES
       The cpio command is marked as LEGACY in XCU Issue 5.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Archives created with extended attributes cannot be  read
       by  Version  2.0	 of  the  cpio	command.   The following describes the
       results of restoring archived files and directories when you  use  Ver‐
       sion  2.0  of the cpio command: [Tru64 UNIX]  You cannot restore an ar‐
       chive directory with extended attributes.  The extended attributes  are
       restored	 as  a	regular	 file that cannot be overwritten; the original
       directory cannot be recreated.  In addition, the cpio command  restores
       the  archived  files  containing	 extended attributes as regular files.
       When the cpio command restores the  original  file  with	 the  extended
       attributes,  the command fails with errno:20.  [Tru64 UNIX]  You cannot
       archive files with extended attributes.	[Tru64 UNIX]  Archives created
       with  the new pax utility and having cpio format, can be restored using
       only the new pax or cpio commands even if none of  the  archived	 files
       have extended attributes.

       To  achieve backward compatibility of archived files, use the following
       suggestions: Archive only files that do not have	 extended  attributes.
       Use the old cpio command at /usr/opt/obsolete/usr/bin/cpio.

       Socket files are ignored while archiving through the cpio command.

CAUTIONS
       [Tru64  UNIX]  When  redirecting the output from cpio to a special file
       (device), redirect it to the raw	 device	 and  not  the	block  device.
       Because	writing	 to a block device is done asynchronously, there is no
       way to know if the end of the device has been reached.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values  are  returned:  Successful  completion.   An
       error occurred.

EXAMPLES
       To   copy   files  to  magnetic	tape,  enter:  cpio  -ov  <  file-list
       -O/dev/tape/tape0

	      This command copies the files with pathnames that are listed  in
	      the  file	 specification	in a compact form to the magnetic tape
	      (/dev/tape/tape0).  The -v option causes	cpio  to  display  the
	      name  of	each file as it is copied.  This command is useful for
	      making backup copies of files.  To copy  files  in  the  current
	      directory whose names end with onto magnetic tape, enter: ls *.c
	      | cpio -ov -O/dev/tape/tape0

	      To copy the current directory and all subdirectories  onto  mag‐
	      netic tape, enter: find . -print | cpio -ov -O/dev/tape/tape0

	      This  command saves the directory tree that starts with the cur‐
	      rent directory (.) and includes all of  its  subdirectories  and
	      files.  Another way to do the same thing is by entering the fol‐
	      lowing command: find . -cpio /dev/tape/tape0 -print

	      The -print option displays the  name  of	each  file  as	it  is
	      copied.	To list the files that have been saved onto a magnetic
	      tape with cpio, enter: cpio  -itv	 -I/dev/tape/tape0

	      This command displays the table of contents of the  data	previ‐
	      ously  saved  onto /dev/tape/tape0 in cpio format.  To list only
	      the file pathnames, use only the -it options.  To copy the files
	      previously  saved	 with  cpio  from a magnetic tape, enter: cpio
	      -idmv  -I/dev/tape/tape0

	      This  command   copies   the   files   previously	  saved	  onto
	      /dev/tape/tape0  by cpio back into the file system (specified by
	      the -i option).  The -d option lets cpio create the  appropriate
	      directories  if a directory tree was saved.  The -m option main‐
	      tains the last modification time that was	 in  effect  when  the
	      files were saved.	 The -v option causes cpio to display the name
	      of each file as it is copied.  To copy selected files from  mag‐
	      netic tape, enter: cpio  -i  -I/dev/tape/tape0 "*.c"  "*.o"

	      This  command  copies  the  files that end with or from magnetic
	      tape.  The patterns *.c and *.o must be enclosed in double  quo‐
	      tation  marks  ("	 ")  to	 prevent the shell from treating the *
	      (asterisk) as a  pattern-matching	 character.  In	 this  special
	      case,  cpio  itself decodes the pattern-matching characters.  To
	      rename files as they are copied from magnetic tape, enter:  cpio
	      -ir  -I/dev/tape/tape0

	      The  -r  option  causes cpio to ask you whether or not to rename
	      each file before copying it from magnetic	 tape.	 For  example,
	      the following message asks you whether you want to give the file
	      saved as prog.c a	 new  name  as	it  is	being  copied:	Rename
	      <prog.c>

	      To  rename  the  file,  type the new name and press <Return>. To
	      keep the same name, you must enter the old name at  the  prompt.
	      To avoid copying the file at all, press <Return> alone.  To copy
	      a	 directory  and	 all  of  its  subdirectories,	enter:	 mkdir
	      /u/jim/newdir find . -print | cpio -pdl /u/jim/newdir

	      This  command  duplicates	 the current directory tree, including
	      the current directory and all of its subdirectories  and	files.
	      The duplicate is placed in the new /u/jim/newdir directory.  The
	      -l option causes cpio to link files  instead  of	copying	 them,
	      when possible.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The  following environment variables affect the execution of cpio: Pro‐
       vides a default value for the internationalization variables  that  are
       unset  or  null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from
       the default locale is used. If any of  the  internationalization	 vari‐
       ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the
       variables had been defined.  If set to a non-empty string value,	 over‐
       rides  the  values  of  all  the	 other internationalization variables.
       Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of  bytes  of
       text  data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multi‐
       byte characters in arguments and input files) and the behavior of char‐
       acter  classes  within  bracketed  file	name patterns.	Determines the
       locale for the format and contents of diagnostic	 messages  written  to
       standard	 error.	 Determines the format of date and time strings output
       when listing the contents of an archive with the -v option.  Determines
       the  location  of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MESSAGES.
       Determines the time zone used with date and time strings.

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  ar(1), find(1), ls(1), ksh(1), pax(1), Bourne shell  sh(1b),
       POSIX shell sh(1p), tar(1)

       Files:  tar(4)

       Standards:  standards(5)

								       cpio(1)
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