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command(1)			 User Commands			    command(1)

NAME
       command - execute a simple command

SYNOPSIS
       command [-p] command_name [argument...]

       command [-v | -V]  command_name

DESCRIPTION
       The command utility causes the shell to treat the arguments as a simple
       command, suppressing the shell function lookup.

       If the command_name is the same as the  name  of	 one  of  the  special
       built-in	 utilities,  the  special  properties will not occur. In every
       other respect, if command_name is not  the  name	 of  a	function,  the
       effect  of  command (with no options) will be the same as omitting com‐
       mand.

       The command utility also provides information concerning how a  command
       name will be interpreted by the shell. See -v and -V.

OPTIONS
       The following options are supported:

       -p	Performs  the  command	search	using a default value for PATH
		that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities.

       -v	Writes a string to standard output that indicates the path  or
		command	 that  will be used by the shell, in the current shell
		execution environment to invoke	 command_name,	but  does  not
		invoke command_name.

		  ·  Utilities,	  regular  built-in  utilities,	 command_names
		     including a slash character, and any  implementation-pro‐
		     vided  functions  that  are found using the PATH variable
		     will be written as absolute path names.

		  ·  Shell  functions,	special	 built-in  utilities,  regular
		     built-in utilities not associated with a PATH search, and
		     shell reserved words will be written as just their names.

		  ·  An alias will be written as a command  line  that	repre‐
		     sents its alias definition.

		  ·  Otherwise,	 no output will be written and the exit status
		     will reflect that the name was not found.

       -V	Writes a string to standard output that indicates how the name
		given  in  the command_name operand will be interpreted by the
		shell, in the current shell execution  environment,  but  does
		not invoke command_name. Although the format of this string is
		unspecified, it will indicate in which of the following	 cate‐
		gories command_name falls and include the information stated:

		  ·  Utilities,	 regular built-in utilities, and any implemen‐
		     tation-provided functions that are found using  the  PATH
		     variable	will  be  identified  as  such and include the
		     absolute path name in the string.

		  ·  Other shell functions will be identified as functions.

		  ·  Aliases will be identified as aliases and	their  defini‐
		     tions will be included in the string.

		  ·  Special  built-in utilities will be identified as special
		     built-in utilities.

		  ·  Regular built-in utilities not  associated	 with  a  PATH
		     search will be identified as regular built-in utilities.

		  ·  Shell  reserved  words  will  be  identified  as reserved
		     words.

OPERANDS
       The following operands are supported:

       argument	       One of the strings  treated  as	an  argument  to  com‐
		       mand_name.

       command_name    The name of a utility or a special built-in utility.

EXAMPLES
       Example	1: Making a version of cd that always prints out the new work‐
       ing directory exactly once

       cd() {
	    command cd "$@" >/dev/null
	    pwd
       }

       Example 2: Starting off a ``secure shell script'' in which  the	script
       avoids being spoofed by its parent

       IFS='
       '
       #    The preceding value should be <space><tab><newline>.
       #    Set IFS to its default value.
       \unalias -a
       #    Unset all possible aliases.
       #    Note that unalias is escaped to prevent an alias
       #    being used for unalias.
       unset -f command
       #    Ensure command is not a user function.
       PATH="$(command -p getconf _CS_PATH):$PATH"
       #    Put on a reliable PATH prefix.
       #    ...

       At  this	 point, given correct permissions on the directories called by
       PATH, the script has the ability to ensure that any utility it calls is
       the  intended  one.  It	is being very cautious because it assumes that
       implementation extensions may be present that would  allow  user	 func‐
       tions  to exist when it is invoked. This capability is not specified by
       this document, but it is not prohibited as an extension.	 For  example,
       the  ENV	 variable  precedes  the  invocation of the script with a user
       startup script. Such a script  could  define  functions	to  spoof  the
       application.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       See  environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
       that affect the execution of command: LANG, LC_ALL,  LC_CTYPE,  LC_MES‐
       SAGES, and NLSPATH.

       PATH	Determine  the	search	path  used  during the command search,
		except as described under the -p option.

EXIT STATUS
       When the -v or -V options are specified, the following exit values  are
       returned:

       0	Successful completion.

       >0	The  command_name could not be found or an error occurred.

       Otherwise, the following exit values are returned:

       126	The  utility specified by command_name was found but could not
		be invoked.

       127	An error occurred in the command utility or the utility speci‐
		fied by command_name could not be found.

       Otherwise,  the	exit status of command will be that of the simple com‐
       mand specified by the arguments to command.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Availability		     │SUNWcsu			   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability	     │Standard			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       sh(1), type(1), attributes(5), environ(5), standards(5)

SunOS 5.10			  17 Jul 2002			    command(1)
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