comm man page on OSF1

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comm(1)								       comm(1)

NAME
       comm - Compares two sorted files.

SYNOPSIS
       comm [-123] file1 file2

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       command: XCU5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page	 for  more  information	 about
       industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS
       Suppresses  output  of  the  first  column (lines in file1 only).  Sup‐
       presses output of the second column (lines in file2 only).   Suppresses
       output of the third column (lines common to file1 and file2).

       The command comm -123 produces no output.

OPERANDS
       A  pathname of the first file to be compared. If file1 is a hyphen (-),
       the standard input is used.  A pathname of the second file to  be  com‐
       pared. If file2 is a hyphen (-), the standard input is used.

       If  both	 file1	and  file2 refer to standard input or to the same FIFO
       special, block special or character special file, the results are unde‐
       fined.

DESCRIPTION
       The  comm  command  reads  file1	 and file2 and writes three columns to
       standard output, showing which lines are common to the files and	 which
       are unique to each.

       The leftmost column of standard output includes lines that are in file1
       only.  The middle column includes lines that are in  file2  only.   The
       rightmost column includes lines that are in both file1 and file2.

       If  you	specify	 a  hyphen (-) in place of one of the file names, comm
       reads standard input.

       Generally, file1 and file2 should be sorted according to the  collating
       sequence	  specified  by	 the  LC_COLLATE  environment  variable.  (See
       sort(1).)  If the input files are not sorted properly,  the  output  of
       comm might not be useful.

EXIT STATUS
       Successful completion.  Error occurred.

EXAMPLES
       In  the following examples, file1 contains the following sorted list of
       North American cities:

	      Anaheim Baltimore Boston Chicago Cleveland Dallas Detroit Kansas
	      City Milwaukee Minneapolis New York Oakland Seattle Toronto

	      The second file, file2, contains this sorted list:

	      Atlanta Chicago Cincinnati Houston Los Angeles Montreal New York
	      Philadelphia Pittsburgh San Diego San Francisco St. Louis

	      To display the lines unique to each file and common to  the  two
	      files, enter: comm file1 file2

	      This   command   results	 in   the  following  output:  Anaheim
		   Atlanta Baltimore Boston	      Chicago	    Cincinnati
	      Cleveland Dallas Detroit	    Houston Kansas City	     Los Ange‐
	      les Milwaukee Minneapolis	     Montreal		New York  Oak‐
	      land	 Philadelphia	    Pittsburgh	    San Diego	   San
	      Francisco Seattle	     St. Louis Toronto

	      The leftmost column contains lines in  file1  only,  the	middle
	      column  contains	lines  in file2 only, and the rightmost column
	      contains lines common to both files.  To display any one or  two
	      of  the  three  output columns, include the appropriate flags to
	      suppress the columns you do not want.  For example, the  follow‐
	      ing command displays columns 1 and 2 only: comm -3 file1 file2

	      Anaheim
		     Atlanta Baltimore Boston
		     Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Detroit
		     Houston Kansas City
		     Los Angeles Milwaukee Minneapolis
		     Montreal Oakland
		     Philadelphia
		     Pittsburgh
		     San Diego
		     San Francisco Seattle
		     St. Louis Toronto

	      The  following command displays output from only the second col‐
	      umn: comm -13 file1 file2

	      Atlanta Cincinnati Houston  Los  Angeles	Montreal  Philadelphia
	      Pittsburgh San Diego San Francisco St. Louis

	      The  following  command displays output from only the third col‐
	      umn: comm -12 file1 file2

	      Chicago New York

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  cmp(1), diff(1), sdiff(1), sort(1), uniq(1)

								       comm(1)
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