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CMS(1)				    OpenSSL				CMS(1)

NAME
       cms - CMS utility

SYNOPSIS
       openssl cms [-encrypt] [-decrypt] [-sign] [-verify] [-cmsout] [-resign]
       [-data_create] [-data_out] [-digest_create] [-digest_verify]
       [-compress] [-uncompress] [-EncryptedData_encrypt] [-sign_receipt]
       [-verify_receipt receipt] [-in filename] [-inform SMIME|PEM|DER]
       [-rctform SMIME|PEM|DER] [-out filename] [-outform SMIME|PEM|DER]
       [-stream -indef -noindef] [-noindef] [-content filename] [-text]
       [-noout] [-print] [-CAfile file] [-CApath dir] [-md digest] [-[cipher]]
       [-nointern] [-no_signer_cert_verify] [-nocerts] [-noattr] [-nosmimecap]
       [-binary] [-nodetach] [-certfile file] [-certsout file] [-signer file]
       [-recip file] [-keyid] [-receipt_request_all -receipt_request_first]
       [-receipt_request_from emailaddress] [-receipt_request_to emailaddress]
       [-receipt_request_print] [-secretkey key] [-secretkeyid id]
       [-econtent_type type] [-inkey file] [-passin arg] [-rand file(s)]
       [cert.pem...]  [-to addr] [-from addr] [-subject subj] [cert.pem]...

DESCRIPTION
       The cms command handles S/MIME v3.1 mail. It can encrypt, decrypt, sign
       and verify, compress and uncompress S/MIME messages.

COMMAND OPTIONS
       There are fourteen operation options that set the type of operation to
       be performed. The meaning of the other options varies according to the
       operation type.

       -encrypt
	   encrypt mail for the given recipient certificates. Input file is
	   the message to be encrypted. The output file is the encrypted mail
	   in MIME format. The actual CMS type is <B>EnvelopedData<B>.

       -decrypt
	   decrypt mail using the supplied certificate and private key.
	   Expects an encrypted mail message in MIME format for the input
	   file. The decrypted mail is written to the output file.

       -sign
	   sign mail using the supplied certificate and private key. Input
	   file is the message to be signed. The signed message in MIME format
	   is written to the output file.

       -verify
	   verify signed mail. Expects a signed mail message on input and
	   outputs the signed data. Both clear text and opaque signing is
	   supported.

       -cmsout
	   takes an input message and writes out a PEM encoded CMS structure.

       -resign
	   resign a message: take an existing message and one or more new
	   signers.

       -data_create
	   Create a CMS Data type.

       -data_out
	   Data type and output the content.

       -digest_create
	   Create a CMS DigestedData type.

       -digest_verify
	   Verify a CMS DigestedData type and output the content.

       -compress
	   Create a CMS CompressedData type. OpenSSL must be compiled with
	   zlib support for this option to work, otherwise it will output an
	   error.

       -uncompress
	   Uncompress a CMS CompressedData type and output the content.
	   OpenSSL must be compiled with zlib support for this option to work,
	   otherwise it will output an error.

       -EncryptedData_encrypt
	   Encrypt suppled content using supplied symmetric key and algorithm
	   using a CMS EncrytedData type and output the content.

       -sign_receipt
	   Generate and output a signed receipt for the supplied message. The
	   input message must contain a signed receipt request. Functionality
	   is otherwise similar to the -sign operation.

       -verify_receipt receipt
	   Verify a signed receipt in filename receipt. The input message must
	   contain the original receipt request. Functionality is otherwise
	   similar to the -verify operation.

       -in filename
	   the input message to be encrypted or signed or the message to be
	   decrypted or verified.

       -inform SMIME|PEM|DER
	   this specifies the input format for the CMS structure. The default
	   is SMIME which reads an S/MIME format message. PEM and DER format
	   change this to expect PEM and DER format CMS structures instead.
	   This currently only affects the input format of the CMS structure,
	   if no CMS structure is being input (for example with -encrypt or
	   -sign) this option has no effect.

       -rctform SMIME|PEM|DER
	   specify the format for a signed receipt for use with the
	   -receipt_verify operation.

       -out filename
	   the message text that has been decrypted or verified or the output
	   MIME format message that has been signed or verified.

       -outform SMIME|PEM|DER
	   this specifies the output format for the CMS structure. The default
	   is SMIME which writes an S/MIME format message. PEM and DER format
	   change this to write PEM and DER format CMS structures instead.
	   This currently only affects the output format of the CMS structure,
	   if no CMS structure is being output (for example with -verify or
	   -decrypt) this option has no effect.

       -stream -indef -noindef
	   the -stream and -indef options are equivalent and enable streaming
	   I/O for encoding operations. This permits single pass processing of
	   data without the need to hold the entire contents in memory,
	   potentially supporting very large files. Streaming is automatically
	   set for S/MIME signing with detached data if the output format is
	   SMIME it is currently off by default for all other operations.

       -noindef
	   disable streaming I/O where it would produce and indefinite length
	   constructed encoding. This option currently has no effect. In
	   future streaming will be enabled by default on all relevant
	   operations and this option will disable it.

       -content filename
	   This specifies a file containing the detached content, this is only
	   useful with the -verify command. This is only usable if the CMS
	   structure is using the detached signature form where the content is
	   not included. This option will override any content if the input
	   format is S/MIME and it uses the multipart/signed MIME content
	   type.

       -text
	   this option adds plain text (text/plain) MIME headers to the
	   supplied message if encrypting or signing. If decrypting or
	   verifying it strips off text headers: if the decrypted or verified
	   message is not of MIME type text/plain then an error occurs.

       -noout
	   for the -cmsout operation do not output the parsed CMS structure.
	   This is useful when combined with the -print option or if the
	   syntax of the CMS structure is being checked.

       -print
	   for the -cmsout operation print out all fields of the CMS
	   structure. This is mainly useful for testing purposes.

       -CAfile file
	   a file containing trusted CA certificates, only used with -verify.

       -CApath dir
	   a directory containing trusted CA certificates, only used with
	   -verify. This directory must be a standard certificate directory:
	   that is a hash of each subject name (using x509 -hash) should be
	   linked to each certificate.

       -md digest
	   digest algorithm to use when signing or resigning. If not present
	   then the default digest algorithm for the signing key will be used
	   (usually SHA1).

       -[cipher]
	   the encryption algorithm to use. For example triple DES (168 bits)
	   - -des3 or 256 bit AES - -aes256. Any standard algorithm name (as
	   used by the EVP_get_cipherbyname() function) can also be used
	   preceded by a dash, for example -aes_128_cbc. See enc for a list of
	   ciphers supported by your version of OpenSSL.

	   If not specified triple DES is used. Only used with -encrypt and
	   -EncryptedData_create commands.

       -nointern
	   when verifying a message normally certificates (if any) included in
	   the message are searched for the signing certificate. With this
	   option only the certificates specified in the -certfile option are
	   used.  The supplied certificates can still be used as untrusted CAs
	   however.

       -no_signer_cert_verify
	   do not verify the signers certificate of a signed message.

       -nocerts
	   when signing a message the signer's certificate is normally
	   included with this option it is excluded. This will reduce the size
	   of the signed message but the verifier must have a copy of the
	   signers certificate available locally (passed using the -certfile
	   option for example).

       -noattr
	   normally when a message is signed a set of attributes are included
	   which include the signing time and supported symmetric algorithms.
	   With this option they are not included.

       -nosmimecap
	   exclude the list of supported algorithms from signed attributes,
	   other options such as signing time and content type are still
	   included.

       -binary
	   normally the input message is converted to "canonical" format which
	   is effectively using CR and LF as end of line: as required by the
	   S/MIME specification. When this option is present no translation
	   occurs. This is useful when handling binary data which may not be
	   in MIME format.

       -nodetach
	   when signing a message use opaque signing: this form is more
	   resistant to translation by mail relays but it cannot be read by
	   mail agents that do not support S/MIME.  Without this option
	   cleartext signing with the MIME type multipart/signed is used.

       -certfile file
	   allows additional certificates to be specified. When signing these
	   will be included with the message. When verifying these will be
	   searched for the signers certificates. The certificates should be
	   in PEM format.

       -certsout file
	   any certificates contained in the message are written to file.

       -signer file
	   a signing certificate when signing or resigning a message, this
	   option can be used multiple times if more than one signer is
	   required. If a message is being verified then the signers
	   certificates will be written to this file if the verification was
	   successful.

       -recip file
	   the recipients certificate when decrypting a message. This
	   certificate must match one of the recipients of the message or an
	   error occurs.

       -keyid
	   use subject key identifier to identify certificates instead of
	   issuer name and serial number. The supplied certificate must
	   include a subject key identifier extension. Supported by -sign and
	   -encrypt options.

       -receipt_request_all -receipt_request_first
	   for -sign option include a signed receipt request. Indicate
	   requests should be provided by all receipient or first tier
	   recipients (those mailed directly and not from a mailing list).
	   Ignored it -receipt_request_from is included.

       -receipt_request_from emailaddress
	   for -sign option include a signed receipt request. Add an explicit
	   email address where receipts should be supplied.

       -receipt_request_to emailaddress
	   Add an explicit email address where signed receipts should be sent
	   to. This option must but supplied if a signed receipt it requested.

       -receipt_request_print
	   For the -verify operation print out the contents of any signed
	   receipt requests.

       -secretkey key
	   specify symmetric key to use. The key must be supplied in hex
	   format and be consistent with the algorithm used. Supported by the
	   -EncryptedData_encrypt -EncrryptedData_decrypt, -encrypt and
	   -decrypt options. When used with -encrypt or -decrypt the supplied
	   key is used to wrap or unwrap the content encryption key using an
	   AES key in the KEKRecipientInfo type.

       -secretkeyid id
	   the key identifier for the supplied symmetric key for
	   KEKRecipientInfo type.  This option must be present if the
	   -secretkey option is used with -encrypt. With -decrypt operations
	   the id is used to locate the relevant key if it is not supplied
	   then an attempt is used to decrypt any KEKRecipientInfo structures.

       -econtent_type type
	   set the encapsulated content type to type if not supplied the Data
	   type is used. The type argument can be any valid OID name in either
	   text or numerical format.

       -inkey file
	   the private key to use when signing or decrypting. This must match
	   the corresponding certificate. If this option is not specified then
	   the private key must be included in the certificate file specified
	   with the -recip or -signer file. When signing this option can be
	   used multiple times to specify successive keys.

       -passin arg
	   the private key password source. For more information about the
	   format of arg see the PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS section in openssl(1).

       -rand file(s)
	   a file or files containing random data used to seed the random
	   number generator, or an EGD socket (see RAND_egd(3)).  Multiple
	   files can be specified separated by a OS-dependent character.  The
	   separator is ; for MS-Windows, , for OpenVMS, and : for all others.

       cert.pem...
	   one or more certificates of message recipients: used when
	   encrypting a message.

       -to, -from, -subject
	   the relevant mail headers. These are included outside the signed
	   portion of a message so they may be included manually. If signing
	   then many S/MIME mail clients check the signers certificate's email
	   address matches that specified in the From: address.

       -purpose, -ignore_critical, -issuer_checks, -crl_check, -crl_check_all,
       -policy_check, -extended_crl, -x509_strict, -policy -check_ss_sig
	   Set various certificate chain valiadition option. See the verify
	   manual page for details.

NOTES
       The MIME message must be sent without any blank lines between the
       headers and the output. Some mail programs will automatically add a
       blank line. Piping the mail directly to sendmail is one way to achieve
       the correct format.

       The supplied message to be signed or encrypted must include the
       necessary MIME headers or many S/MIME clients wont display it properly
       (if at all). You can use the -text option to automatically add plain
       text headers.

       A "signed and encrypted" message is one where a signed message is then
       encrypted. This can be produced by encrypting an already signed
       message: see the examples section.

       This version of the program only allows one signer per message but it
       will verify multiple signers on received messages. Some S/MIME clients
       choke if a message contains multiple signers. It is possible to sign
       messages "in parallel" by signing an already signed message.

       The options -encrypt and -decrypt reflect common usage in S/MIME
       clients. Strictly speaking these process CMS enveloped data: CMS
       encrypted data is used for other purposes.

       The -resign option uses an existing message digest when adding a new
       signer. This means that attributes must be present in at least one
       existing signer using the same message digest or this operation will
       fail.

       The -stream and -indef options enable experimental streaming I/O
       support.	 As a result the encoding is BER using indefinite length
       constructed encoding and no longer DER. Streaming is supported for the
       -encrypt operation and the -sign operation if the content is not
       detached.

       Streaming is always used for the -sign operation with detached data but
       since the content is no longer part of the CMS structure the encoding
       remains DER.

EXIT CODES
       0   the operation was completely successfully.

       1   an error occurred parsing the command options.

       2   one of the input files could not be read.

       3   an error occurred creating the CMS file or when reading the MIME
	   message.

       4   an error occurred decrypting or verifying the message.

       5   the message was verified correctly but an error occurred writing
	   out the signers certificates.

COMPATIBILITY WITH PKCS#7 format.
       The smime utility can only process the older PKCS#7 format. The cms
       utility supports Cryptographic Message Syntax format. Use of some
       features will result in messages which cannot be processed by
       applications which only support the older format. These are detailed
       below.

       The use of the -keyid option with -sign or -encrypt.

       The -outform PEM option uses different headers.

       The -compress option.

       The -secretkey option when used with -encrypt.

       Additionally the -EncryptedData_create and -data_create type cannot be
       processed by the older smime command.

EXAMPLES
       Create a cleartext signed message:

	openssl cms -sign -in message.txt -text -out mail.msg \
	       -signer mycert.pem

       Create an opaque signed message

	openssl cms -sign -in message.txt -text -out mail.msg -nodetach \
	       -signer mycert.pem

       Create a signed message, include some additional certificates and read
       the private key from another file:

	openssl cms -sign -in in.txt -text -out mail.msg \
	       -signer mycert.pem -inkey mykey.pem -certfile mycerts.pem

       Create a signed message with two signers, use key identifier:

	openssl cms -sign -in message.txt -text -out mail.msg \
	       -signer mycert.pem -signer othercert.pem -keyid

       Send a signed message under Unix directly to sendmail, including
       headers:

	openssl cms -sign -in in.txt -text -signer mycert.pem \
	       -from steve@openssl.org -to someone@somewhere \
	       -subject "Signed message" | sendmail someone@somewhere

       Verify a message and extract the signer's certificate if successful:

	openssl cms -verify -in mail.msg -signer user.pem -out signedtext.txt

       Send encrypted mail using triple DES:

	openssl cms -encrypt -in in.txt -from steve@openssl.org \
	       -to someone@somewhere -subject "Encrypted message" \
	       -des3 user.pem -out mail.msg

       Sign and encrypt mail:

	openssl cms -sign -in ml.txt -signer my.pem -text \
	       | openssl cms -encrypt -out mail.msg \
	       -from steve@openssl.org -to someone@somewhere \
	       -subject "Signed and Encrypted message" -des3 user.pem

       Note: the encryption command does not include the -text option because
       the message being encrypted already has MIME headers.

       Decrypt mail:

	openssl cms -decrypt -in mail.msg -recip mycert.pem -inkey key.pem

       The output from Netscape form signing is a PKCS#7 structure with the
       detached signature format. You can use this program to verify the
       signature by line wrapping the base64 encoded structure and surrounding
       it with:

	-----BEGIN PKCS7-----
	-----END PKCS7-----

       and using the command,

	openssl cms -verify -inform PEM -in signature.pem -content content.txt

       alternatively you can base64 decode the signature and use

	openssl cms -verify -inform DER -in signature.der -content content.txt

       Create an encrypted message using 128 bit Camellia:

	openssl cms -encrypt -in plain.txt -camellia128 -out mail.msg cert.pem

       Add a signer to an existing message:

	openssl cms -resign -in mail.msg -signer newsign.pem -out mail2.msg

BUGS
       The MIME parser isn't very clever: it seems to handle most messages
       that I've thrown at it but it may choke on others.

       The code currently will only write out the signer's certificate to a
       file: if the signer has a separate encryption certificate this must be
       manually extracted. There should be some heuristic that determines the
       correct encryption certificate.

       Ideally a database should be maintained of a certificates for each
       email address.

       The code doesn't currently take note of the permitted symmetric
       encryption algorithms as supplied in the SMIMECapabilities signed
       attribute. this means the user has to manually include the correct
       encryption algorithm. It should store the list of permitted ciphers in
       a database and only use those.

       No revocation checking is done on the signer's certificate.

HISTORY
       The use of multiple -signer options and the -resign command were first
       added in OpenSSL 1.0.0

1.0.0a				  2009-09-30				CMS(1)
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