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CLOSELOG(P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		   CLOSELOG(P)

NAME
       closelog, openlog, setlogmask, syslog - control system log

SYNOPSIS
       #include <syslog.h>

       void closelog(void);
       void openlog(const char *ident, int logopt, int facility);
       int setlogmask(int maskpri);
       void syslog(int priority, const char *message, ... /* arguments */);

DESCRIPTION
       The syslog() function shall send a message to an implementation-defined
       logging facility, which may log it in an implementation-defined	system
       log,  write it to the system console, forward it to a list of users, or
       forward it to the logging facility on another host  over	 the  network.
       The  logged  message shall include a message header and a message body.
       The message header contains at least a timestamp and a tag string.

       The message body is generated from the message and following  arguments
       in  the same manner as if these were arguments to printf(), except that
       the additional conversion specification	%m  shall  be  recognized;  it
       shall convert no arguments, shall cause the output of the error message
       string associated with the value of errno on entry to syslog(), and may
       be mixed with argument specifications of the "%n$" form.	 If a complete
       conversion specification with the m conversion specifier	 character  is
       not  just  %m  , the behavior is undefined. A trailing <newline> may be
       added if needed.

       Values of the priority argument are formed by OR'ing together a	sever‐
       ity-level value and an optional facility value. If no facility value is
       specified, the current default facility value is used.

       Possible values of severity level include:

       LOG_EMERG
	      A panic condition.

       LOG_ALERT
	      A condition that should be corrected immediately, such as a cor‐
	      rupted system database.

       LOG_CRIT
	      Critical conditions, such as hard device errors.

       LOG_ERR
	      Errors.

       LOG_WARNING

	      Warning messages.

       LOG_NOTICE
	      Conditions  that	are not error conditions, but that may require
	      special handling.

       LOG_INFO
	      Informational messages.

       LOG_DEBUG
	      Messages that contain information	 normally  of  use  only  when
	      debugging a program.

       The  facility  indicates the application or system component generating
       the message. Possible facility values include:

       LOG_USER
	      Messages generated by arbitrary processes. This is  the  default
	      facility identifier if none is specified.

       LOG_LOCAL0
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL1
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL2
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL3
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL4
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL5
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL6
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL7
	      Reserved for local use.

       The  openlog() function shall set process attributes that affect subse‐
       quent calls to syslog().	 The  ident  argument  is  a  string  that  is
       prepended  to  every  message.  The  logopt  argument indicates logging
       options. Values for logopt are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of
       zero or more of the following:

       LOG_PID
	      Log the process ID with each message. This is useful for identi‐
	      fying specific processes.

       LOG_CONS
	      Write messages to the system console if they cannot be  sent  to
	      the  logging  facility.  The  syslog() function ensures that the
	      process does not acquire the console as a	 controlling  terminal
	      in the process of writing the message.

       LOG_NDELAY
	      Open  the	 connection  to the logging facility immediately. Nor‐
	      mally the open is delayed until the  first  message  is  logged.
	      This  is	useful	for  programs that need to manage the order in
	      which file descriptors are allocated.

       LOG_ODELAY
	      Delay open until syslog() is called.

       LOG_NOWAIT
	      Do not wait for child processes that may have been created  dur‐
	      ing  the	course	of  logging the message. This option should be
	      used by processes that enable notification of child  termination
	      using  SIGCHLD, since syslog() may otherwise block waiting for a
	      child whose exit status has already been collected.

       The facility argument encodes a default facility to be assigned to  all
       messages	 that  do  not	have an explicit facility already encoded. The
       initial default facility is LOG_USER.

       The openlog() and syslog() functions may allocate a file descriptor. It
       is not necessary to call openlog() prior to calling syslog().

       The closelog() function shall close any open file descriptors allocated
       by previous calls to openlog() or syslog().

       The setlogmask() function shall set the log priority mask for the  cur‐
       rent  process  to  maskpri and return the previous mask. If the maskpri
       argument is 0, the current log mask is not modified. Calls by the  cur‐
       rent  process  to  syslog() with a priority not set in maskpri shall be
       rejected.  The default log mask allows all priorities to be  logged.  A
       call to openlog() is not required prior to calling setlogmask().

       Symbolic constants for use as values of the logopt, facility, priority,
       and maskpri arguments are defined in the <syslog.h> header.

RETURN VALUE
       The setlogmask() function shall return the previous log priority	 mask.
       The  closelog(),	 openlog(),  and syslog() functions shall not return a
       value.

ERRORS
       No errors are defined.

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES
   Using openlog()
       The following example causes subsequent calls to syslog()  to  log  the
       process	ID with each message, and to write messages to the system con‐
       sole if they cannot be sent to the logging facility.

	      #include <syslog.h>

	      char *ident = "Process demo";
	      int logopt = LOG_PID | LOG_CONS;
	      int facility = LOG_USER;
	      ...
	      openlog(ident, logopt, facility);

   Using setlogmask()
       The following example causes subsequent calls  to  syslog()  to	accept
       error messages, and to reject all other messages.

	      #include <syslog.h>

	      int result;
	      int mask = LOG_MASK (LOG_ERR);
	      ...
	      result = setlogmask(mask);

   Using syslog
       The  following  example	sends  the  message "This is a message" to the
       default logging facility, marking the message as an error message  gen‐
       erated by random processes.

	      #include <syslog.h>

	      char *message = "This is a message";
	      int priority = LOG_ERR | LOG_USER;
	      ...
	      syslog(priority, message);

APPLICATION USAGE
       None.

RATIONALE
       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       None.

SEE ALSO
       printf()	 ,  the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <sys‐
       log.h>

COPYRIGHT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in  electronic  form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX),	The  Open  Group  Base
       Specifications  Issue  6,  Copyright  (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
       Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open  Group.  In  the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group  Standard
       is  the	referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003			   CLOSELOG(P)
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