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syslog(3C)		 Standard C Library Functions		    syslog(3C)

NAME
       syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask - control system log

SYNOPSIS
       #include <syslog.h>

       void openlog(const char *ident, int logopt, int facility);

       void syslog(int priority, const char *message, .../* arguments */);

       void closelog(void);

       int setlogmask(int maskpri);

DESCRIPTION
       The  syslog() function sends a message to syslogd(1M), which, depending
       on the configuration of /etc/syslog.conf, logs  it  in  an  appropriate
       system  log,  writes it to the system console, forwards it to a list of
       users, or forwards it to syslogd on another host over the network.  The
       logged  message includes a message header and a message body.  The mes‐
       sage header consists of a facility indicator, a severity level  indica‐
       tor, a timestamp, a tag string, and optionally the process ID.

       The  message body is generated from the message and following arguments
       in the same manner as if these were arguments to	 printf(3UCB),	except
       that  occurrences  of %m in the format string pointed to by the message
       argument are replaced by the error message string associated  with  the
       current	value  of  errno.   A  trailing	 NEWLINE character is added if
       needed.

       Symbolic constants for use as values of the logopt, facility, priority,
       and maskpri arguments are defined in the <syslog.h> header.

       Values of the priority argument are formed by ORing together a severity
       level value and an optional facility value.  If no  facility  value  is
       specified, the current default facility value is used.

       Possible values of severity level include, in decreasing order:

       LOG_EMERG	       A  panic condition.  This is normally broadcast
			       to all users.

       LOG_ALERT	       A condition that should	be  corrected  immedi‐
			       ately, such as a corrupted system database.

       LOG_CRIT		       Critical	  conditions,	such  as  hard	device
			       errors.

       LOG_ERR		       Errors.

       LOG_WARNING	       Warning messages.

       LOG_NOTICE	       Conditions that are not error  conditions,  but
			       that may require special handling.

       LOG_INFO		       Informational messages.

       LOG_DEBUG	       Messages	 that  contain information normally of
			       use only when debugging a program.

       The facility indicates the application or system	 component  generating
       the message.  Possible facility values include:

       LOG_KERN		       Messages	 generated by the kernel. These cannot
			       be generated by any user processes.

       LOG_USER		       Messages generated by  random  user  processes.
			       This is the default facility identifier if none
			       is specified.

       LOG_MAIL		       The mail system.

       LOG_DAEMON	       System daemons, such as in.ftpd(1M).

       LOG_AUTH		       The authentication / security  /	 authorization
			       system: login(1), su(1M), getty(1M).

       LOG_LPR		       The  line  printer  spooling  system:  lpr(1B),
			       lpc(1B).

       LOG_NEWS		       Designated for the USENET network news system.

       LOG_UUCP		       Designated for the UUCP	system;	 it  does  not
			       currently use syslog().

       LOG_CRON		       The   cron/at   facility;   crontab(1),	at(1),
			       cron(1M).

       LOG_AUDIT	       The audit facility, for example, auditd(1M).

       LOG_LOCAL0	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL1	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL2	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL3	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL4	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL5	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL6	       Designated for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL7	       Designated for local use.

       The openlog() function sets process attributes that  affect  subsequent
       calls  to syslog(). The ident argument is a string that is prepended to
       every message.  The logopt argument indicates logging options.	Values
       for logopt are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of zero or more of
       the following:

       LOG_PID		       Log the process ID with each message.  This  is
			       useful  for  identifying	 specific  daemon pro‐
			       cesses (for daemons that fork).

       LOG_CONS		       Write messages to the system  console  if  they
			       cannot  be sent to syslogd(1M).	This option is
			       safe to use in daemon processes	that  have  no
			       controlling   terminal,	since  syslog()	 forks
			       before opening the console.

       LOG_NDELAY	       Open the connection to syslogd(1M) immediately.
			       Normally	 the  open  is delayed until the first
			       message is logged. This is useful for  programs
			       that  need  to  manage  the order in which file
			       descriptors are allocated.

       LOG_ODELAY	       Delay open until syslog() is called.

       LOG_NOWAIT	       Do not wait for child processes that have  been
			       forked  to log messages onto the console.  This
			       option should be used by processes that	enable
			       notification   of   child   termination	 using
			       SIGCHLD, since  syslog()	 may  otherwise	 block
			       waiting	for  a	child  whose  exit  status has
			       already been collected.

       The facility argument encodes a default facility to be assigned to  all
       messages	 that  do  not have an explicit facility already encoded.  The
       initial default facility is LOG_USER.

       The openlog() and syslog() functions may allocate  a  file  descriptor.
       It is not necessary to call openlog() prior to calling syslog().

       The  closelog()	function closes any open file descriptors allocated by
       previous calls to openlog() or syslog().

       The setlogmask() function sets the log priority mask  for  the  current
       process to maskpri and returns the previous mask.  If the maskpri argu‐
       ment is 0, the current log mask is not modified.	 Calls by the  current
       process	to  syslog()  with a priority not set in maskpri are rejected.
       The mask for an individual priority pri	is  calculated	by  the	 macro
       LOG_MASK(pri);  the  mask for all priorities up to and including toppri
       is given by the macro LOG_UPTO(toppri). The default log mask allows all
       priorities to be logged.

RETURN VALUES
       The  setlogmask()  function returns the previous log priority mask. The
       closelog(), openlog() and syslog() functions return no value.

ERRORS
       No errors are defined.

EXAMPLES
       Example 1: Example of LOG_ALERT message.

       This call logs a message at priority LOG_ALERT:

       syslog(LOG_ALERT, "who: internal error 23");

       The FTP daemon ftpd would make this call to openlog() to indicate  that
       all  messages it logs should have an identifying string of ftpd, should
       be treated by syslogd(1M) as other messages from	 system	 daemons  are,
       should include the process ID of the process logging the message:

       openlog("ftpd", LOG_PID, LOG_DAEMON);

       Then  it would make the following call to setlogmask() to indicate that
       messages at priorities from LOG_EMERG through LOG_ERR should be logged,
       but that no messages at any other priority should be logged:

       setlogmask(LOG_UPTO(LOG_ERR));

       Then,  to log a message at priority LOG_INFO, it would make the follow‐
       ing call to syslog:

       syslog(LOG_INFO, "Connection from host %d", CallingHost);

       A locally-written utility could use the following call to  syslog()  to
       log  a  message	at  priority  LOG_INFO to be treated by syslogd(1M) as
       other messages to the facility  LOG_LOCAL2 are:

       syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL2, "error: %m");

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability	     │Standard			   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │MT-Level		     │Safe			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       at(1),	crontab(1),    logger(1),    login(1),	  lpc(1B),    lpr(1B),
       auditd(1M)cron(1M),   getty(1M),	  in.ftpd(1M),	 su(1M),  syslogd(1M),
       printf(3UCB), syslog.conf(4), attributes(5), standards(5)

SunOS 5.10			  28 Jul 2004			    syslog(3C)
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