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BUSYBOX(1)			    busybox			    BUSYBOX(1)

NAME
       BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux

SYNTAX
	busybox <applet> [arguments...]	 # or

	<applet> [arguments...]		 # if symlinked

DESCRIPTION
       BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a
       single small executable. It provides minimalist replacements for most
       of the utilities you usually find in GNU coreutils, util-linux, etc.
       The utilities in BusyBox generally have fewer options than their full-
       featured GNU cousins; however, the options that are included provide
       the expected functionality and behave very much like their GNU
       counterparts.

       BusyBox has been written with size-optimization and limited resources
       in mind.	 It is also extremely modular so you can easily include or
       exclude commands (or features) at compile time. This makes it easy to
       customize your embedded systems. To create a working system, just add
       /dev, /etc, and a Linux kernel.	BusyBox provides a fairly complete
       POSIX environment for any small or embedded system.

       BusyBox is extremely configurable.  This allows you to include only the
       components you need, thereby reducing binary size. Run 'make config' or
       'make menuconfig' to select the functionality that you wish to enable.
       Then run 'make' to compile BusyBox using your configuration.

       After the compile has finished, you should use 'make install' to
       install BusyBox. This will install the 'bin/busybox' binary, in the
       target directory specified by CONFIG_PREFIX. CONFIG_PREFIX can be set
       when configuring BusyBox, or you can specify an alternative location at
       install time (i.e., with a command line like 'make
       CONFIG_PREFIX=/tmp/foo install'). If you enabled any applet
       installation scheme (either as symlinks or hardlinks), these will also
       be installed in the location pointed to by CONFIG_PREFIX.

USAGE
       BusyBox is a multi-call binary.	A multi-call binary is an executable
       program that performs the same job as more than one utility program.
       That means there is just a single BusyBox binary, but that single
       binary acts like a large number of utilities.  This allows BusyBox to
       be smaller since all the built-in utility programs (we call them
       applets) can share code for many common operations.

       You can also invoke BusyBox by issuing a command as an argument on the
       command line.  For example, entering

	       /bin/busybox ls

       will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'.

       Of course, adding '/bin/busybox' into every command would be painful.
       So most people will invoke BusyBox using links to the BusyBox binary.

       For example, entering

	       ln -s /bin/busybox ls
	       ./ls

       will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been
       compiled into BusyBox).	Generally speaking, you should never need to
       make all these links yourself, as the BusyBox build system will do this
       for you when you run the 'make install' command.

       If you invoke BusyBox with no arguments, it will provide you with a
       list of the applets that have been compiled into your BusyBox binary.

COMMON OPTIONS
       Most BusyBox applets support the --help argument to provide a terse
       runtime description of their behavior.  If the
       CONFIG_FEATURE_VERBOSE_USAGE option has been enabled, more detailed
       usage information will also be available.

COMMANDS
       Currently available applets include:

	       [, [[, adjtimex, ar, arp, arping, ash, awk, basename, blockdev,
	       brctl, bunzip2, bzcat, bzip2, cal, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown,
	       chpasswd, chroot, chvt, clear, cmp, cp, cpio, crond, crontab,
	       cttyhack, cut, date, dc, dd, deallocvt, depmod, df, diff, dirname,
	       dmesg, dnsdomainname, dos2unix, dpkg, dpkg-deb, du, dumpkmap,
	       dumpleases, echo, ed, egrep, env, expand, expr, false, fdisk, fgrep,
	       find, fold, free, freeramdisk, ftpget, ftpput, getopt, getty, grep,
	       groups, gunzip, gzip, halt, head, hexdump, hostid, hostname, httpd,
	       hwclock, id, ifconfig, ifdown, ifup, init, insmod, ionice, ip,
	       ipcalc, kill, killall, klogd, last, less, ln, loadfont, loadkmap,
	       logger, login, logname, logread, losetup, ls, lsmod, lzcat, lzma,
	       md5sum, mdev, microcom, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mkswap, mktemp,
	       modinfo, modprobe, more, mount, mt, mv, nameif, nc, netstat,
	       nslookup, od, openvt, passwd, patch, pidof, ping, ping6, pivot_root,
	       poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, rdate, readlink, realpath, reboot,
	       renice, reset, rev, rm, rmdir, rmmod, route, rpm, rpm2cpio,
	       run-parts, sed, seq, setkeycodes, setsid, sh, sha1sum, sha256sum,
	       sha512sum, sleep, sort, start-stop-daemon, stat, static-sh, strings,
	       stty, su, sulogin, swapoff, swapon, switch_root, sync, sysctl,
	       syslogd, tac, tail, tar, taskset, tee, telnet, telnetd, test, tftp,
	       time, timeout, top, touch, tr, traceroute, traceroute6, true, tty,
	       tunctl, udhcpc, udhcpd, umount, uname, uncompress, unexpand, uniq,
	       unix2dos, unlzma, unxz, unzip, uptime, usleep, uudecode, uuencode,
	       vconfig, vi, watch, watchdog, wc, wget, which, who, whoami, xargs,
	       xz, xzcat, yes, zcat

COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS
       adjtimex
	   adjtimex [-q] [-o OFF] [-f FREQ] [-p TCONST] [-t TICK]

	   Read and optionally set system timebase parameters. See adjtimex(2)

		   -q	   Quiet
		   -o OFF  Time offset, microseconds
		   -f FREQ Frequency adjust, integer kernel units (65536 is 1ppm)
			   (positive values make clock run faster)
		   -t TICK Microseconds per tick, usually 10000
		   -p TCONST

       ar  ar [-o] [-v] [-p] [-t] [-x] ARCHIVE FILES

	   Extract or list FILES from an ar archive

		   -o	   Preserve original dates
		   -p	   Extract to stdout
		   -t	   List
		   -x	   Extract
		   -v	   Verbose

       arp arp [-vn]	 [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -a [HOSTNAME] [-v]		 [-i
	   IF] -d HOSTNAME [pub] [-v] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR
	   [temp] [-v] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [netmask MASK]
	   pub [-v] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -Ds HOSTNAME IFACE [netmask MASK] pub

	   Manipulate ARP cache

		   -a		   Display (all) hosts
		   -s		   Set new ARP entry
		   -d		   Delete a specified entry
		   -v		   Verbose
		   -n		   Don't resolve names
		   -i IF	   Network interface
		   -D		   Read <hwaddr> from given device
		   -A,-p AF	   Protocol family
		   -H HWTYPE	   Hardware address type

       arping
	   arping [-fqbDUA] [-c CNT] [-w TIMEOUT] [-I IFACE] [-s SRC_IP]
	   DST_IP

	   Send ARP requests/replies

		   -f		   Quit on first ARP reply
		   -q		   Quiet
		   -b		   Keep broadcasting, don't go unicast
		   -D		   Duplicated address detection mode
		   -U		   Unsolicited ARP mode, update your neighbors
		   -A		   ARP answer mode, update your neighbors
		   -c N		   Stop after sending N ARP requests
		   -w TIMEOUT	   Time to wait for ARP reply, seconds
		   -I IFACE	   Interface to use (default eth0)
		   -s SRC_IP	   Sender IP address
		   DST_IP	   Target IP address

       ash ash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE
	   [ARGS]]

	   Unix shell interpreter

       awk awk [OPTIONS] [AWK_PROGRAM] [FILE]...

		   -v VAR=VAL	   Set variable
		   -F SEP	   Use SEP as field separator
		   -f FILE	   Read program from FILE

       basename
	   basename FILE [SUFFIX]

	   Strip directory path and .SUFFIX from FILE

       blockdev
	   blockdev OPTION BLOCKDEV

		   --setro	   Set ro
		   --setrw	   Set rw
		   --getro	   Get ro
		   --getss	   Get sector size
		   --getbsz	   Get block size
		   --setbsz BYTES  Set block size
		   --getsz	   Get device size in 512-byte sectors
		   --getsize64	   Get device size in bytes
		   --flushbufs	   Flush buffers
		   --rereadpt	   Reread partition table

       brctl
	   brctl COMMAND [BRIDGE [INTERFACE]]

	   Manage ethernet bridges

	   Commands:

		   addbr BRIDGE		   Create BRIDGE
		   delbr BRIDGE		   Delete BRIDGE
		   addif BRIDGE IFACE	   Add IFACE to BRIDGE
		   delif BRIDGE IFACE	   Delete IFACE from BRIDGE

       bunzip2
	   bunzip2 [-cf] [FILE]...

	   Decompress FILEs (or stdin)

		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       bzcat
	   bzcat FILE

	   Decompress to stdout

       bzip2
	   bzip2 [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

	   Compress FILEs (or stdin) with bzip2 algorithm

		   -1..9   Compression level
		   -d	   Decompress
		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       cal cal [-jy] [[MONTH] YEAR]

	   Display a calendar

		   -j	   Use julian dates
		   -y	   Display the entire year

       cat cat [FILE]...

	   Concatenate FILEs and print them to stdout

       chgrp
	   chgrp [-RhLHPcvf]... GROUP FILE...

	   Change the group membership of each FILE to GROUP

		   -R	   Recurse
		   -h	   Affect symlinks instead of symlink targets
		   -L	   Traverse all symlinks to directories
		   -H	   Traverse symlinks on command line only
		   -P	   Don't traverse symlinks (default)
		   -c	   List changed files
		   -v	   Verbose
		   -f	   Hide errors

       chmod
	   chmod [-Rcvf] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...

	   Each MODE is one or more of the letters ugoa, one of the symbols
	   +-= and one or more of the letters rwxst

		   -R	   Recurse
		   -c	   List changed files
		   -v	   List all files
		   -f	   Hide errors

       chown
	   chown [-RhLHPcvf]... OWNER[<.|:>[GROUP]] FILE...

	   Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP

		   -R	   Recurse
		   -h	   Affect symlinks instead of symlink targets
		   -L	   Traverse all symlinks to directories
		   -H	   Traverse symlinks on command line only
		   -P	   Don't traverse symlinks (default)
		   -c	   List changed files
		   -v	   List all files
		   -f	   Hide errors

       chpasswd
	   chpasswd [--md5|--encrypted]

	   Read user:password from stdin and update /etc/passwd

		   -e,--encrypted  Supplied passwords are in encrypted form
		   -m,--md5	   Use MD5 encryption instead of DES

       chroot
	   chroot NEWROOT [PROG ARGS]

	   Run PROG with root directory set to NEWROOT

       chvt
	   chvt N

	   Change the foreground virtual terminal to /dev/ttyN

       clear
	   clear

	   Clear screen

       cmp cmp [-l] [-s] FILE1 [FILE2 [SKIP1 [SKIP2]]]

	   Compare FILE1 with FILE2 (or stdin)

		   -l	   Write the byte numbers (decimal) and values (octal)
			   for all differing bytes
		   -s	   Quiet

       cp  cp [OPTIONS] SOURCE... DEST

	   Copy SOURCE(s) to DEST

		   -a	   Same as -dpR
		   -R,-r   Recurse
		   -d,-P   Preserve symlinks (default if -R)
		   -L	   Follow all symlinks
		   -H	   Follow symlinks on command line
		   -p	   Preserve file attributes if possible
		   -f	   Overwrite
		   -i	   Prompt before overwrite
		   -l,-s   Create (sym)links

       cpio
	   cpio [-dmvu] [-F FILE] [-H newc] [-tio] [EXTR_FILE]...

	   Extract or list files from a cpio archive, or create an archive
	   using file list on stdin

	   Main operation mode:

		   -t	   List
		   -i	   Extract EXTR_FILEs (or all)
		   -o	   Create (requires -H newc)
		   -d	   Make leading directories
		   -m	   Preserve mtime
		   -v	   Verbose
		   -u	   Overwrite
		   -F FILE Input (-t,-i,-p) or output (-o) file
		   -H newc Archive format

       crond
	   crond -fbS -l N -L LOGFILE -c DIR

		   -f	   Foreground
		   -b	   Background (default)
		   -S	   Log to syslog (default)
		   -l	   Set log level. 0 is the most verbose, default 8
		   -L	   Log to file
		   -c	   Working dir

       crontab
	   crontab [-c DIR] [-u USER] [-ler]|[FILE]

		   -c	   Crontab directory
		   -u	   User
		   -l	   List crontab
		   -e	   Edit crontab
		   -r	   Delete crontab
		   FILE	   Replace crontab by FILE ('-': stdin)

       cttyhack
	   cttyhack [PROG ARGS]

	   Give PROG a controlling tty if possible.  Example for /etc/inittab
	   (for busybox init):	    ::respawn:/bin/cttyhack /bin/sh Giving
	   controlling tty to shell running with PID 1:	     $ exec cttyhack
	   sh Starting interactive shell from boot shell script:

		   setsid cttyhack sh

       cut cut [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

	   Print selected fields from each input FILE to stdout

		   -b LIST Output only bytes from LIST
		   -c LIST Output only characters from LIST
		   -d CHAR Use CHAR instead of tab as the field delimiter
		   -s	   Output only the lines containing delimiter
		   -f N	   Print only these fields
		   -n	   Ignored

       date
	   date [OPTIONS] [+FMT] [TIME]

	   Display time (using +FMT), or set time

		   [-s,--set] TIME Set time to TIME
		   -u,--utc	   Work in UTC (don't convert to local time)
		   -R,--rfc-2822   Output RFC-2822 compliant date string
		   -I[SPEC]	   Output ISO-8601 compliant date string
				   SPEC='date' (default) for date only,
				   'hours', 'minutes', or 'seconds' for date and
				   time to the indicated precision
		   -r,--reference FILE	   Display last modification time of FILE
		   -d,--date TIME  Display TIME, not 'now'
		   -D FMT	   Use FMT for -d TIME conversion

	   Recognized TIME formats:

		   hh:mm[:ss]
		   [YYYY.]MM.DD-hh:mm[:ss]
		   YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm[:ss]
		   [[[[[YY]YY]MM]DD]hh]mm[.ss]
		   'date TIME' form accepts MMDDhhmm[[YY]YY][.ss] instead

       dc  dc EXPRESSION...

	   Tiny RPN calculator. Operations: +, add, -, sub, *, mul, /, div, %,
	   mod, and, or, not, xor, p - print top of the stack (without
	   popping), f - print entire stack, o - pop the value and set output
	   radix (must be 10, 16, 8 or 2).  Examples: 'dc 2 2 add p' -> 4, 'dc
	   8 8 mul 2 2 + / p' -> 16

       dd  dd [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [ibs=N] [obs=N] [bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N]
		[seek=N] [conv=notrunc|noerror|sync|fsync]

	   Copy a file with converting and formatting

		   if=FILE	   Read from FILE instead of stdin
		   of=FILE	   Write to FILE instead of stdout
		   bs=N		   Read and write N bytes at a time
		   ibs=N	   Read N bytes at a time
		   obs=N	   Write N bytes at a time
		   count=N	   Copy only N input blocks
		   skip=N	   Skip N input blocks
		   seek=N	   Skip N output blocks
		   conv=notrunc	   Don't truncate output file
		   conv=noerror	   Continue after read errors
		   conv=sync	   Pad blocks with zeros
		   conv=fsync	   Physically write data out before finishing

	   Numbers may be suffixed by c (x1), w (x2), b (x512), kD (x1000), k
	   (x1024), MD (x1000000), M (x1048576), GD (x1000000000) or G
	   (x1073741824)

       deallocvt
	   deallocvt [N]

	   Deallocate unused virtual terminal /dev/ttyN

       depmod
	   depmod [-n] [-b BASE] [VERSION] [MODFILES]...

	   Generate modules.dep, alias, and symbols files

		   -b BASE Use BASE/lib/modules/VERSION
		   -n	   Dry run: print files to stdout

       df  df [-Pkmhai] [-B SIZE] [FILESYSTEM]...

	   Print filesystem usage statistics

		   -P	   POSIX output format
		   -k	   1024-byte blocks (default)
		   -m	   1M-byte blocks
		   -h	   Human readable (e.g. 1K 243M 2G)
		   -a	   Show all filesystems
		   -i	   Inodes
		   -B SIZE Blocksize

       diff
	   diff [-abBdiNqrTstw] [-L LABEL] [-S FILE] [-U LINES] FILE1 FILE2

	   Compare files line by line and output the differences between them.
	   This implementation supports unified diffs only.

		   -a	   Treat all files as text
		   -b	   Ignore changes in the amount of whitespace
		   -B	   Ignore changes whose lines are all blank
		   -d	   Try hard to find a smaller set of changes
		   -i	   Ignore case differences
		   -L	   Use LABEL instead of the filename in the unified header
		   -N	   Treat absent files as empty
		   -q	   Output only whether files differ
		   -r	   Recurse
		   -S	   Start with FILE when comparing directories
		   -T	   Make tabs line up by prefixing a tab when necessary
		   -s	   Report when two files are the same
		   -t	   Expand tabs to spaces in output
		   -U	   Output LINES lines of context
		   -w	   Ignore all whitespace

       dirname
	   dirname FILENAME

	   Strip non-directory suffix from FILENAME

       dmesg
	   dmesg [-c] [-n LEVEL] [-s SIZE]

	   Print or control the kernel ring buffer

		   -c		   Clear ring buffer after printing
		   -n LEVEL	   Set console logging level
		   -s SIZE	   Buffer size

       dos2unix
	   dos2unix [-ud] [FILE]

	   Convert FILE in-place from DOS to Unix format.  When no file is
	   given, use stdin/stdout.

		   -u	   dos2unix
		   -d	   unix2dos

       dpkg
	   dpkg [-ilCPru] [-F OPT] PACKAGE

	   Install, remove and manage Debian packages

		   -i,--install	   Install the package
		   -l,--list	   List of installed packages
		   --configure	   Configure an unpackaged package
		   -P,--purge	   Purge all files of a package
		   -r,--remove	   Remove all but the configuration files for a package
		   --unpack	   Unpack a package, but don't configure it
		   --force-depends Ignore dependency problems
		   --force-confnew Overwrite existing config files when installing
		   --force-confold Keep old config files when installing

       dpkg-deb
	   dpkg-deb [-cefxX] FILE [argument

	   Perform actions on Debian packages (.debs)

		   -c	   List contents of filesystem tree
		   -e	   Extract control files to [argument] directory
		   -f	   Display control field name starting with [argument]
		   -x	   Extract packages filesystem tree to directory
		   -X	   Verbose extract

       du  du [-aHLdclsxhmk] [FILE]...

	   Summarize disk space used for each FILE and/or directory

		   -a	   Show file sizes too
		   -L	   Follow all symlinks
		   -H	   Follow symlinks on command line
		   -d N	   Limit output to directories (and files with -a) of depth < N
		   -c	   Show grand total
		   -l	   Count sizes many times if hard linked
		   -s	   Display only a total for each argument
		   -x	   Skip directories on different filesystems
		   -h	   Sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 243M 2G)
		   -m	   Sizes in megabytes
		   -k	   Sizes in kilobytes (default)

       dumpkmap
	   dumpkmap > keymap

	   Print a binary keyboard translation table to stdout

       dumpleases
	   dumpleases [-r|-a] [-f LEASEFILE]

	   Display DHCP leases granted by udhcpd

		   -f,--file=FILE  Lease file
		   -r,--remaining  Show remaining time
		   -a,--absolute   Show expiration time

       echo
	   echo [-neE] [ARG]...

	   Print the specified ARGs to stdout

		   -n	   Suppress trailing newline
		   -e	   Interpret backslash escapes (i.e., \t=tab)
		   -E	   Don't interpret backslash escapes (default)

       ed  ed

       env env [-iu] [-] [name=value]... [PROG ARGS]

	   Print the current environment or run PROG after setting up the
	   specified environment

		   -, -i   Start with an empty environment
		   -u	   Remove variable from the environment

       expand
	   expand [-i] [-t N] [FILE]...

	   Convert tabs to spaces, writing to stdout

		   -i,--initial	   Don't convert tabs after non blanks
		   -t,--tabs=N	   Tabstops every N chars

       expr
	   expr EXPRESSION

	   Print the value of EXPRESSION to stdout

	   EXPRESSION may be:

		   ARG1 | ARG2	   ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2
		   ARG1 & ARG2	   ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
		   ARG1 < ARG2	   1 if ARG1 is less than ARG2, else 0. Similarly:
		   ARG1 <= ARG2
		   ARG1 = ARG2
		   ARG1 != ARG2
		   ARG1 >= ARG2
		   ARG1 > ARG2
		   ARG1 + ARG2	   Sum of ARG1 and ARG2. Similarly:
		   ARG1 - ARG2
		   ARG1 * ARG2
		   ARG1 / ARG2
		   ARG1 % ARG2
		   STRING : REGEXP	   Anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING
		   match STRING REGEXP	   Same as STRING : REGEXP
		   substr STRING POS LENGTH Substring of STRING, POS counted from 1
		   index STRING CHARS	   Index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0
		   length STRING	   Length of STRING
		   quote TOKEN		   Interpret TOKEN as a string, even if
					   it is a keyword like 'match' or an
					   operator like '/'
		   (EXPRESSION)		   Value of EXPRESSION

	   Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
	   Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else
	   lexicographical. Pattern matches return the string matched between
	   \( and \) or null; if \( and \) are not used, they return the
	   number of characters matched or 0.

       false
	   false

	   Return an exit code of FALSE \fIs0(1)

       fdisk
	   fdisk [-ul] [-C CYLINDERS] [-H HEADS] [-S SECTORS] [-b SSZ] DISK

	   Change partition table

		   -u		   Start and End are in sectors (instead of cylinders)
		   -l		   Show partition table for each DISK, then exit
		   -b 2048	   (for certain MO disks) use 2048-byte sectors
		   -C CYLINDERS	   Set number of cylinders/heads/sectors
		   -H HEADS
		   -S SECTORS

       find
	   find [PATH]... [OPTIONS] [ACTIONS]

	   Search for files and perform actions on them.  First failed action
	   stops processing of current file.  Defaults: PATH is current
	   directory, action is '-print'

		   -follow	   Follow symlinks
		   -xdev	   Don't descend directories on other filesystems
		   -maxdepth N	   Descend at most N levels. -maxdepth 0 applies
				   actions to command line arguments only
		   -mindepth N	   Don't act on first N levels
		   -depth	   Act on directory *after* traversing it

	   Actions:

		   ( ACTIONS )	   Group actions for -o / -a
		   ! ACT	   Invert ACT's success/failure
		   ACT1 [-a] ACT2  If ACT1 fails, stop, else do ACT2
		   ACT1 -o ACT2	   If ACT1 succeeds, stop, else do ACT2
				   Note: -a has higher priority than -o
		   -name PATTERN   Match file name (w/o directory name) to PATTERN
		   -iname PATTERN  Case insensitive -name
		   -path PATTERN   Match path to PATTERN
		   -ipath PATTERN  Case insensitive -path
		   -regex PATTERN  Match path to regex PATTERN
		   -type X	   File type is X (one of: f,d,l,b,c,...)
		   -perm MASK	   At least one mask bit (+MASK), all bits (-MASK),
				   or exactly MASK bits are set in file's mode
		   -mtime DAYS	   mtime is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
				   or exactly N days in the past
		   -mmin MINS	   mtime is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
				   or exactly N minutes in the past
		   -newer FILE	   mtime is more recent than FILE's
		   -inum N	   File has inode number N
		   -user NAME/ID   File is owned by given user
		   -group NAME/ID  File is owned by given group
		   -size N[bck]	   File size is N (c:bytes,k:kbytes,b:512 bytes(def.))
				   +/-N: file size is bigger/smaller than N
		   -links N	   Number of links is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
				   or exactly N
		   -prune	   If current file is directory, don't descend into it
	   If none of the following actions is specified, -print is assumed
		   -print	   Print file name
		   -print0	   Print file name, NUL terminated
		   -exec CMD ARG ; Run CMD with all instances of {} replaced by
				   file name. Fails if CMD exits with nonzero

       fold
	   fold [-bs] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]...

	   Wrap input lines in each FILE (or stdin), writing to stdout

		   -b	   Count bytes rather than columns
		   -s	   Break at spaces
		   -w	   Use WIDTH columns instead of 80

       free
	   free [-b/k/m/g]

	   Display the amount of free and used system memory

       freeramdisk
	   freeramdisk DEVICE

	   Free all memory used by the specified ramdisk

       ftpget
	   ftpget [OPTIONS] HOST [LOCAL_FILE] REMOTE_FILE

	   Download a file via FTP

		   -c,--continue	   Continue previous transfer
		   -v,--verbose		   Verbose
		   -u,--username USER	   Username
		   -p,--password PASS	   Password
		   -P,--port NUM	   Port

       ftpput
	   ftpput [OPTIONS] HOST [REMOTE_FILE] LOCAL_FILE

	   Upload a file to a FTP server

		   -v,--verbose		   Verbose
		   -u,--username USER	   Username
		   -p,--password PASS	   Password
		   -P,--port NUM	   Port

       getopt
	   getopt [OPTIONS] [--] OPTSTRING PARAMS

		   -a,--alternative		   Allow long options starting with single -
		   -l,--longoptions=LOPT[,...]	   Long options to be recognized
		   -n,--name=PROGNAME		   The name under which errors are reported
		   -o,--options=OPTSTRING	   Short options to be recognized
		   -q,--quiet			   Disable error reporting by getopt(3)
		   -Q,--quiet-output		   No normal output
		   -s,--shell=SHELL		   Set shell quoting conventions
		   -T,--test			   Test for getopt(1) version
		   -u,--unquoted		   Don't quote the output

	   Example:

	   O=`getopt -l bb: -- ab:c:: "$@"` || exit 1 eval set -- "$O" while
	   true; do	 case "$1" in	   -a)	echo A; shift;;	     -b|--bb)
	   echo "B:'$2'"; shift 2;;	 -c)  case "$2" in	     "")  echo
	   C; shift 2;;		  *)   echo "C:'$2'"; shift 2;;
		     esac;;	 --)  shift; break;;	  *)   echo Error;
	   exit 1;;	 esac done

       getty
	   getty [OPTIONS] BAUD_RATE[,BAUD_RATE]... TTY [TERMTYPE]

	   Open TTY, prompt for login name, then invoke /bin/login

		   -h		   Enable hardware RTS/CTS flow control
		   -L		   Set CLOCAL (ignore Carrier Detect state)
		   -m		   Get baud rate from modem's CONNECT status message
		   -n		   Don't prompt for login name
		   -w		   Wait for CR or LF before sending /etc/issue
		   -i		   Don't display /etc/issue
		   -f ISSUE_FILE   Display ISSUE_FILE instead of /etc/issue
		   -l LOGIN	   Invoke LOGIN instead of /bin/login
		   -t SEC	   Terminate after SEC if no login name is read
		   -I INITSTR	   Send INITSTR before anything else
		   -H HOST	   Log HOST into the utmp file as the hostname

	   BAUD_RATE of 0 leaves it unchanged

       grep
	   grep [-HhnlLoqvsriwFEz] [-m N] [-A/B/C N] PATTERN/-e PATTERN.../-f
	   FILE [FILE]...

	   Search for PATTERN in FILEs (or stdin)

		   -H	   Add 'filename:' prefix
		   -h	   Do not add 'filename:' prefix
		   -n	   Add 'line_no:' prefix
		   -l	   Show only names of files that match
		   -L	   Show only names of files that don't match
		   -c	   Show only count of matching lines
		   -o	   Show only the matching part of line
		   -q	   Quiet. Return 0 if PATTERN is found, 1 otherwise
		   -v	   Select non-matching lines
		   -s	   Suppress open and read errors
		   -r	   Recurse
		   -i	   Ignore case
		   -w	   Match whole words only
		   -x	   Match whole lines only
		   -F	   PATTERN is a literal (not regexp)
		   -E	   PATTERN is an extended regexp
		   -z	   Input is NUL terminated
		   -m N	   Match up to N times per file
		   -A N	   Print N lines of trailing context
		   -B N	   Print N lines of leading context
		   -C N	   Same as '-A N -B N'
		   -e PTRN Pattern to match
		   -f FILE Read pattern from file

       groups
	   groups [USER]

	   Print the group memberships of USER or for the current process

       gunzip
	   gunzip [-cft] [FILE]...

	   Decompress FILEs (or stdin)

		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force
		   -t	   Test file integrity

       gzip
	   gzip [-cfd] [FILE]...

	   Compress FILEs (or stdin)

		   -d	   Decompress
		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       halt
	   halt [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f] [-w]

	   Halt the system

		   -d SEC  Delay interval
		   -n	   Do not sync
		   -f	   Force (don't go through init)
		   -w	   Only write a wtmp record

       head
	   head [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

	   Print first 10 lines of each FILE (or stdin) to stdout.  With more
	   than one FILE, precede each with a filename header.

		   -n N[kbm]	   Print first N lines
		   -c N[kbm]	   Print first N bytes
		   -q		   Never print headers
		   -v		   Always print headers

	   N may be suffixed by k (x1024), b (x512), or m (x1024^2).

       hexdump
	   hexdump [-bcCdefnosvx] [FILE]...

	   Display FILEs (or stdin) in a user specified format

		   -b		   One-byte octal display
		   -c		   One-byte character display
		   -C		   Canonical hex+ASCII, 16 bytes per line
		   -d		   Two-byte decimal display
		   -e FORMAT_STRING
		   -f FORMAT_FILE
		   -n LENGTH	   Interpret only LENGTH bytes of input
		   -o		   Two-byte octal display
		   -s OFFSET	   Skip OFFSET bytes
		   -v		   Display all input data
		   -x		   Two-byte hexadecimal display

       hostid
	   hostid

	   Print out a unique 32-bit identifier for the machine

       hostname
	   hostname [OPTIONS] [HOSTNAME | -F FILE]

	   Get or set hostname or DNS domain name

		   -s	   Short
		   -i	   Addresses for the hostname
		   -d	   DNS domain name
		   -f	   Fully qualified domain name
		   -F FILE Use FILE's content as hostname

       httpd
	   httpd [-ifv[v]] [-c CONFFILE] [-p [IP:]PORT] [-u USER[:GRP]] [-r
	   REALM] [-h HOME] or httpd -d/-e/-m STRING

	   Listen for incoming HTTP requests

		   -i		   Inetd mode
		   -f		   Don't daemonize
		   -v[v]	   Verbose
		   -p [IP:]PORT	   Bind to IP:PORT (default *:80)
		   -u USER[:GRP]   Set uid/gid after binding to port
		   -r REALM	   Authentication Realm for Basic Authentication
		   -h HOME	   Home directory (default .)
		   -c FILE	   Configuration file (default {/etc,HOME}/httpd.conf)
		   -m STRING	   MD5 crypt STRING
		   -e STRING	   HTML encode STRING
		   -d STRING	   URL decode STRING

       hwclock
	   hwclock [-r|--show] [-s|--hctosys] [-w|--systohc] [-t|--systz]
	   [-l|--localtime] [-u|--utc] [-f|--rtc FILE]

	   Query and set hardware clock (RTC)

		   -r	   Show hardware clock time
		   -s	   Set system time from hardware clock
		   -w	   Set hardware clock from system time
		   -t	   Set in-kernel timezone, correct system time
			   if hardware clock is in local time
		   -u	   Assume hardware clock is kept in UTC
		   -l	   Assume hardware clock is kept in local time
		   -f FILE Use specified device (e.g. /dev/rtc2)

       id  id [OPTIONS] [USER]

	   Print information about USER or the current user

		   -u	   User ID
		   -g	   Group ID
		   -G	   Supplementary group IDs
		   -n	   Print names instead of numbers
		   -r	   Print real ID instead of effective ID

       ifconfig
	   ifconfig [-a] interface [address]

	   Configure a network interface

		   [add ADDRESS[/PREFIXLEN]]
		   [del ADDRESS[/PREFIXLEN]]
		   [[-]broadcast [ADDRESS]] [[-]pointopoint [ADDRESS]]
		   [netmask ADDRESS] [dstaddr ADDRESS]
		   [outfill NN] [keepalive NN]
		   [hw ether|infiniband ADDRESS] [metric NN] [mtu NN]
		   [[-]trailers] [[-]arp] [[-]allmulti]
		   [multicast] [[-]promisc] [txqueuelen NN] [[-]dynamic]
		   [mem_start NN] [io_addr NN] [irq NN]
		   [up|down] ...

       ifdown
	   ifdown [-anmvf] [-i FILE] IFACE...

		   -a	   De/configure all interfaces automatically
		   -i FILE Use FILE for interface definitions
		   -n	   Print out what would happen, but don't do it
			   (note: doesn't disable mappings)
		   -m	   Don't run any mappings
		   -v	   Print out what would happen before doing it
		   -f	   Force de/configuration

       ifup
	   ifup [-anmvf] [-i FILE] IFACE...

		   -a	   De/configure all interfaces automatically
		   -i FILE Use FILE for interface definitions
		   -n	   Print out what would happen, but don't do it
			   (note: doesn't disable mappings)
		   -m	   Don't run any mappings
		   -v	   Print out what would happen before doing it
		   -f	   Force de/configuration

       init
	   init

	   Init is the parent of all processes

       insmod
	   insmod FILE [SYMBOL=VALUE]...

	   Load the specified kernel modules into the kernel

       ionice
	   ionice [-c 1-3] [-n 0-7] [-p PID] [PROG]

	   Change I/O priority and class

		   -c	   Class. 1:realtime 2:best-effort 3:idle
		   -n	   Priority

       ip  ip [OPTIONS] {address | route | link | tunnel | rule} {COMMAND}

	   ip [OPTIONS] OBJECT {COMMAND} where OBJECT := {address | route |
	   link | tunnel | rule} OPTIONS := { -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | link
	   } | -o[neline] }

       ipcalc
	   ipcalc [OPTIONS] ADDRESS[[/]NETMASK] [NETMASK]

	   Calculate IP network settings from a IP address

		   -b,--broadcast  Display calculated broadcast address
		   -n,--network	   Display calculated network address
		   -m,--netmask	   Display default netmask for IP
		   -p,--prefix	   Display the prefix for IP/NETMASK
		   -h,--hostname   Display first resolved host name
		   -s,--silent	   Don't ever display error messages

       kill
	   kill [-l] [-SIG] PID...

	   Send a signal (default: TERM) to given PIDs

		   -l	   List all signal names and numbers

       killall
	   killall [-l] [-q] [-SIG] PROCESS_NAME...

	   Send a signal (default: TERM) to given processes

		   -l	   List all signal names and numbers
		   -q	   Don't complain if no processes were killed

       klogd
	   klogd [-c N] [-n]

	   Kernel logger

		   -c N	   Print to console messages more urgent than prio N (1-8)
		   -n	   Run in foreground

       last
	   last

	   Show listing of the last users that logged into the system

       less
	   less [-EMmNh~I?] [FILE]...

	   View FILE (or stdin) one screenful at a time

		   -E	   Quit once the end of a file is reached
		   -M,-m   Display status line with line numbers
			   and percentage through the file
		   -N	   Prefix line number to each line
		   -I	   Ignore case in all searches
		   -~	   Suppress ~s displayed past EOF

       ln  ln [OPTIONS] TARGET... LINK|DIR

	   Create a link LINK or DIR/TARGET to the specified TARGET(s)

		   -s	   Make symlinks instead of hardlinks
		   -f	   Remove existing destinations
		   -n	   Don't dereference symlinks - treat like normal file
		   -b	   Make a backup of the target (if exists) before link operation
		   -S suf  Use suffix instead of ~ when making backup files
		   -T	   2nd arg must be a DIR
		   -v	   Verbose

       loadfont
	   loadfont < font

	   Load a console font from stdin

       loadkmap
	   loadkmap < keymap

	   Load a binary keyboard translation table from stdin

       logger
	   logger [OPTIONS] [MESSAGE]

	   Write MESSAGE (or stdin) to syslog

		   -s	   Log to stderr as well as the system log
		   -t TAG  Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name)
		   -p PRIO Priority (numeric or facility.level pair)

       login
	   login [-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER]

	   Begin a new session on the system

		   -f	   Don't authenticate (user already authenticated)
		   -h	   Name of the remote host
		   -p	   Preserve environment

       logname
	   logname

	   Print the name of the current user

       logread
	   logread [-f]

	   Show messages in syslogd's circular buffer

		   -f	   Output data as log grows

       losetup
	   losetup [-r] [-o OFS] LOOPDEV FILE - associate loop devices
		losetup -d LOOPDEV - disassociate      losetup [-f] - show

		   -o OFS  Start OFS bytes into FILE
		   -r	   Read-only
		   -f	   Show first free loop device

       ls  ls [-1AaCxdLHRFplinsehrSXvctu] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]...

	   List directory contents

		   -1	   One column output
		   -a	   Include entries which start with .
		   -A	   Like -a, but exclude . and ..
		   -C	   List by columns
		   -x	   List by lines
		   -d	   List directory entries instead of contents
		   -L	   Follow symlinks
		   -H	   Follow symlinks on command line
		   -R	   Recurse
		   -p	   Append / to dir entries
		   -F	   Append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
		   -l	   Long listing format
		   -i	   List inode numbers
		   -n	   List numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names
		   -s	   List allocated blocks
		   -e	   List full date and time
		   -h	   List sizes in human readable format (1K 243M 2G)
		   -r	   Sort in reverse order
		   -S	   Sort by size
		   -X	   Sort by extension
		   -v	   Sort by version
		   -c	   With -l: sort by ctime
		   -t	   With -l: sort by mtime
		   -u	   With -l: sort by atime
		   -w N	   Assume the terminal is N columns wide
		   --color[={always,never,auto}]   Control coloring

       lsmod
	   lsmod

	   List the currently loaded kernel modules

       lzcat
	   lzcat FILE

	   Decompress to stdout

       lzma
	   lzma -d [-cf] [FILE]...

	   Decompress FILE (or stdin)

		   -d	   Decompress
		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       md5sum
	   md5sum [-c[sw]] [FILE]...

	   Print or check MD5 checksums

		   -c	   Check sums against list in FILEs
		   -s	   Don't output anything, status code shows success
		   -w	   Warn about improperly formatted checksum lines

       mdev
	   mdev [-s]

	   mdev -s is to be run during boot to scan /sys and populate /dev.

	   Bare mdev is a kernel hotplug helper. To activate it:      echo
	   /sbin/mdev >/proc/sys/kernel/hotplug

	   It uses /etc/mdev.conf with lines	  [-][ENV=regex;]...DEVNAME
	   UID:GID PERM [>|=PATH]|[!] [@|$|*PROG] where DEVNAME is device name
	   regex, @major,minor[-minor2], or environment variable regex. A
	   common use of the latter is to load modules for hotplugged devices:

		   $MODALIAS=.* 0:0 660 @modprobe "$MODALIAS"

	   If /dev/mdev.seq file exists, mdev will wait for its value to match
	   $SEQNUM variable. This prevents plug/unplug races.  To activate
	   this feature, create empty /dev/mdev.seq at boot.

	   If /dev/mdev.log file exists, debug log will be appended to it.

       microcom
	   microcom [-d DELAY] [-t TIMEOUT] [-s SPEED] [-X] TTY

	   Copy bytes for stdin to TTY and from TTY to stdout

		   -d	   Wait up to DELAY ms for TTY output before sending every
			   next byte to it
		   -t	   Exit if both stdin and TTY are silent for TIMEOUT ms
		   -s	   Set serial line to SPEED
		   -X	   Disable special meaning of NUL and Ctrl-X from stdin

       mkdir
	   mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

	   Create DIRECTORY

		   -m MODE Mode
		   -p	   No error if exists; make parent directories as needed

       mkfifo
	   mkfifo [-m MODE] NAME

	   Create named pipe

		   -m MODE Mode (default a=rw)

       mknod
	   mknod [-m MODE] NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR

	   Create a special file (block, character, or pipe)

		   -m MODE Creation mode (default a=rw)
	   TYPE:
		   b	   Block device
		   c or u  Character device
		   p	   Named pipe (MAJOR and MINOR are ignored)

       mkswap
	   mkswap [-L LBL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

	   Prepare BLOCKDEV to be used as swap partition

		   -L LBL  Label

       mktemp
	   mktemp [-dt] [-p DIR] [TEMPLATE]

	   Create a temporary file with name based on TEMPLATE and print its
	   name.  TEMPLATE must end with XXXXXX (e.g. [/dir/]nameXXXXXX).
	   Without TEMPLATE, -t tmp.XXXXXX is assumed.

		   -d	   Make directory, not file
		   -q	   Fail silently on errors
		   -t	   Prepend base directory name to TEMPLATE
		   -p DIR  Use DIR as a base directory (implies -t)
		   -u	   Do not create anything; print a name

	   Base directory is: -p DIR, else $TMPDIR, else /tmp

       modinfo
	   modinfo [-adlp0] [-F keyword] MODULE

		   -a		   Shortcut for '-F author'
		   -d		   Shortcut for '-F description'
		   -l		   Shortcut for '-F license'
		   -p		   Shortcut for '-F parm'
		   -F keyword	   Keyword to look for
		   -0		   Separate output with NULs

       modprobe
	   modprobe [-alrqvsDb] MODULE [symbol=value]...

		   -a	   Load multiple MODULEs
		   -l	   List (MODULE is a pattern)
		   -r	   Remove MODULE (stacks) or do autoclean
		   -q	   Quiet
		   -v	   Verbose
		   -s	   Log to syslog
		   -D	   Show dependencies
		   -b	   Apply blacklist to module names too

       more
	   more [FILE]...

	   View FILE (or stdin) one screenful at a time

       mount
	   mount [OPTIONS] [-o OPTS] DEVICE NODE

	   Mount a filesystem. Filesystem autodetection requires /proc.

		   -a		   Mount all filesystems in fstab
		   -f		   Dry run
		   -i		   Don't run mount helper
		   -r		   Read-only mount
		   -w		   Read-write mount (default)
		   -t FSTYPE[,...] Filesystem type(s)
		   -O OPT	   Mount only filesystems with option OPT (-a only)
	   -o OPT:
		   loop		   Ignored (loop devices are autodetected)
		   [a]sync	   Writes are [a]synchronous
		   [no]atime	   Disable/enable updates to inode access times
		   [no]diratime	   Disable/enable atime updates to directories
		   [no]relatime	   Disable/enable atime updates relative to modification time
		   [no]dev	   (Dis)allow use of special device files
		   [no]exec	   (Dis)allow use of executable files
		   [no]suid	   (Dis)allow set-user-id-root programs
		   [r]shared	   Convert [recursively] to a shared subtree
		   [r]slave	   Convert [recursively] to a slave subtree
		   [r]private	   Convert [recursively] to a private subtree
		   [un]bindable	   Make mount point [un]able to be bind mounted
		   [r]bind	   Bind a file or directory [recursively] to another location
		   move		   Relocate an existing mount point
		   remount	   Remount a mounted filesystem, changing flags
		   ro/rw	   Same as -r/-w

	   There are filesystem-specific -o flags.

       mt  mt [-f device] opcode value

	   Control magnetic tape drive operation

	   Available Opcodes:

	   bsf bsfm bsr bss datacompression drvbuffer eof eom erase fsf fsfm
	   fsr fss load lock mkpart nop offline ras1 ras2 ras3 reset retension
	   rewind rewoffline seek setblk setdensity setpart tell unload unlock
	   weof wset

       mv  mv [-fin] SOURCE DEST or: mv [-fin] SOURCE... DIRECTORY

	   Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY

		   -f	   Don't prompt before overwriting
		   -i	   Interactive, prompt before overwrite
		   -n	   Don't overwrite an existing file

       nameif
	   nameif [-s] [-c FILE] [IFNAME HWADDR]...

	   Rename network interface while it in the down state.	 The device
	   with address HWADDR is renamed to IFACE.

		   -c FILE Configuration file (default: /etc/mactab)
		   -s	   Log to syslog

       nc  nc [-iN] [-wN] [-l] [-p PORT] [-f FILE|IPADDR PORT] [-e PROG]

	   Open a pipe to IP:PORT or FILE

		   -e PROG Run PROG after connect
		   -l	   Listen mode, for inbound connects
			   (use -l twice with -e for persistent server)
		   -p PORT Local port
		   -w SEC  Timeout for connect
		   -i SEC  Delay interval for lines sent
		   -f FILE Use file (ala /dev/ttyS0) instead of network

       netstat
	   netstat [-ral] [-tuwx] [-en]

	   Display networking information

		   -r	   Routing table
		   -a	   All sockets
		   -l	   Listening sockets
			   Else: connected sockets
		   -t	   TCP sockets
		   -u	   UDP sockets
		   -w	   Raw sockets
		   -x	   Unix sockets
			   Else: all socket types
		   -e	   Other/more information
		   -n	   Don't resolve names

       nslookup
	   nslookup [HOST] [SERVER]

	   Query the nameserver for the IP address of the given HOST
	   optionally using a specified DNS server

       od  od [-abcdfhilovxs] [-t TYPE] [-A RADIX] [-N SIZE] [-j SKIP] [-S
	   MINSTR] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]...

	   Print FILEs (or stdin) unambiguously, as octal bytes by default

       openvt
	   openvt [-c N] [-sw] [PROG ARGS]

	   Start PROG on a new virtual terminal

		   -c N	   Use specified VT
		   -s	   Switch to the VT
		   -w	   Wait for PROG to exit

       passwd
	   passwd [OPTIONS] [USER]

	   Change USER's password (default: current user)

		   -a ALG  Encryption method
		   -d	   Set password to ''
		   -l	   Lock (disable) account
		   -u	   Unlock (enable) account

       patch
	   patch [OPTIONS] [ORIGFILE [PATCHFILE]]

		   -p,--strip N		   Strip N leading components from file names
		   -i,--input DIFF	   Read DIFF instead of stdin
		   -R,--reverse		   Reverse patch
		   -N,--forward		   Ignore already applied patches
		   -E,--remove-empty-files Remove output files if they become empty

       pidof
	   pidof [NAME]...

	   List PIDs of all processes with names that match NAMEs

       ping
	   ping [OPTIONS] HOST

	   Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

		   -4,-6	   Force IP or IPv6 name resolution
		   -c CNT	   Send only CNT pings
		   -s SIZE	   Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default:56)
		   -t TTL	   Set TTL
		   -I IFACE/IP	   Use interface or IP address as source
		   -W SEC	   Seconds to wait for the first response (default:10)
				   (after all -c CNT packets are sent)
		   -w SEC	   Seconds until ping exits (default:infinite)
				   (can exit earlier with -c CNT)
		   -q		   Quiet, only displays output at start
				   and when finished

       ping6
	   ping6 [OPTIONS] HOST

	   Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

		   -c CNT	   Send only CNT pings
		   -s SIZE	   Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default:56)
		   -I IFACE/IP	   Use interface or IP address as source
		   -q		   Quiet, only displays output at start
				   and when finished

       pivot_root
	   pivot_root NEW_ROOT PUT_OLD

	   Move the current root file system to PUT_OLD and make NEW_ROOT the
	   new root file system

       poweroff
	   poweroff [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

	   Halt and shut off power

		   -d SEC  Delay interval
		   -n	   Do not sync
		   -f	   Force (don't go through init)

       printf
	   printf FORMAT [ARG]...

	   Format and print ARG(s) according to FORMAT (a-la C printf)

       ps  ps [-o COL1,COL2=HEADER] [-T]

	   Show list of processes

		   -o COL1,COL2=HEADER	   Select columns for display
		   -T			   Show threads

       pwd pwd

	   Print the full filename of the current working directory

       rdate
	   rdate [-sp] HOST

	   Get and possibly set the system date/time from a remote HOST

		   -s	   Set the system date/time (default)
		   -p	   Print the date/time

       readlink
	   readlink [-fnv] FILE

	   Display the value of a symlink

		   -f	   Canonicalize by following all symlinks
		   -n	   Don't add newline
		   -v	   Verbose

       realpath
	   realpath FILE...

	   Return the absolute pathnames of given FILE

       reboot
	   reboot [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

	   Reboot the system

		   -d SEC  Delay interval
		   -n	   Do not sync
		   -f	   Force (don't go through init)

       renice
	   renice {{-n INCREMENT} | PRIORITY} [[-p | -g | -u] ID...]

	   Change scheduling priority for a running process

		   -n	   Adjust current nice value (smaller is faster)
		   -p	   Process id(s) (default)
		   -g	   Process group id(s)
		   -u	   Process user name(s) and/or id(s)

       reset
	   reset

	   Reset the screen

       rev rev [FILE]...

	   Reverse lines of FILE

       rm  rm [-irf] FILE...

	   Remove (unlink) FILEs

		   -i	   Always prompt before removing
		   -f	   Never prompt
		   -R,-r   Recurse

       rmdir
	   rmdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

	   Remove DIRECTORY if it is empty

		   -p|--parents	   Include parents
		   --ignore-fail-on-non-empty

       rmmod
	   rmmod [-wfa] [MODULE]...

	   Unload kernel modules

		   -w	   Wait until the module is no longer used
		   -f	   Force unload
		   -a	   Remove all unused modules (recursively)

       route
	   route [{add|del|delete}]

	   Edit kernel routing tables

		   -n	   Don't resolve names
		   -e	   Display other/more information
		   -A inet{6}	   Select address family

       rpm rpm -i PACKAGE.rpm; rpm -qp[ildc] PACKAGE.rpm

	   Manipulate RPM packages

	   Commands:

		   -i	   Install package
		   -qp	   Query package
		   -i	   Show information
		   -l	   List contents
		   -d	   List documents
		   -c	   List config files

       rpm2cpio
	   rpm2cpio package.rpm

	   Output a cpio archive of the rpm file

       run-parts
	   run-parts [-t] [-a ARG]... [-u MASK] DIRECTORY

	   Run a bunch of scripts in DIRECTORY

		   -t	   Dry run
		   -a ARG  Pass ARG as argument to programs
		   -u MASK Set umask to MASK before running programs

       sed sed [-inr] [-f FILE]... [-e CMD]... [FILE]...  or: sed [-inr] CMD
	   [FILE]...

		   -e CMD  Add CMD to sed commands to be executed
		   -f FILE Add FILE contents to sed commands to be executed
		   -i[SFX] Edit files in-place (otherwise sends to stdout)
			   Optionally back files up, appending SFX
		   -n	   Suppress automatic printing of pattern space
		   -r	   Use extended regex syntax

	   If no -e or -f, the first non-option argument is the sed command
	   string.  Remaining arguments are input files (stdin if none).

       seq seq [-w] [-s SEP] [FIRST [INC]] LAST

	   Print numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INC.  FIRST, INC
	   default to 1.

		   -w	   Pad to last with leading zeros
		   -s SEP  String separator

       setkeycodes
	   setkeycodes SCANCODE KEYCODE...

	   Set entries into the kernel's scancode-to-keycode map, allowing
	   unusual keyboards to generate usable keycodes.

	   SCANCODE may be either xx or e0xx (hexadecimal), and KEYCODE is
	   given in decimal.

       setsid
	   setsid PROG ARGS

	   Run PROG in a new session. PROG will have no controlling terminal
	   and will not be affected by keyboard signals (Ctrl-C etc).  See
	   setsid(2) for details.

       sh  sh [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE
	   [ARGS]]

	   Unix shell interpreter

       sha1sum
	   sha1sum [-c[sw]] [FILE]...

	   Print or check SHA1 checksums

		   -c	   Check sums against list in FILEs
		   -s	   Don't output anything, status code shows success
		   -w	   Warn about improperly formatted checksum lines

       sha256sum
	   sha256sum [-c[sw]] [FILE]...

	   Print or check SHA256 checksums

		   -c	   Check sums against list in FILEs
		   -s	   Don't output anything, status code shows success
		   -w	   Warn about improperly formatted checksum lines

       sha512sum
	   sha512sum [-c[sw]] [FILE]...

	   Print or check SHA512 checksums

		   -c	   Check sums against list in FILEs
		   -s	   Don't output anything, status code shows success
		   -w	   Warn about improperly formatted checksum lines

       sleep
	   sleep [N]...

	   Pause for a time equal to the total of the args given, where each
	   arg can have an optional suffix of (s)econds, (m)inutes, (h)ours,
	   or (d)ays

       sort
	   sort [-nrugMcszbdfimSTokt] [-o FILE] [-k
	   start[.offset][opts][,end[.offset][opts]] [-t CHAR] [FILE]...

	   Sort lines of text

		   -b	   Ignore leading blanks
		   -c	   Check whether input is sorted
		   -d	   Dictionary order (blank or alphanumeric only)
		   -f	   Ignore case
		   -g	   General numerical sort
		   -i	   Ignore unprintable characters
		   -k	   Sort key
		   -M	   Sort month
		   -n	   Sort numbers
		   -o	   Output to file
		   -k	   Sort by key
		   -t CHAR Key separator
		   -r	   Reverse sort order
		   -s	   Stable (don't sort ties alphabetically)
		   -u	   Suppress duplicate lines
		   -z	   Lines are terminated by NUL, not newline
		   -mST	   Ignored for GNU compatibility

       start-stop-daemon
	   start-stop-daemon [OPTIONS] [-S|-K] ... [-- ARGS...]

	   Search for matching processes, and then -K: stop all matching
	   processes.  -S: start a process unless a matching process is found.

	   Process matching:

		   -u,--user USERNAME|UID  Match only this user's processes
		   -n,--name NAME	   Match processes with NAME
					   in comm field in /proc/PID/stat
		   -x,--exec EXECUTABLE	   Match processes with this command
					   in /proc/PID/{exe,cmdline}
		   -p,--pidfile FILE	   Match a process with PID from the file
		   All specified conditions must match
	   -S only:
		   -x,--exec EXECUTABLE	   Program to run
		   -a,--startas NAME	   Zeroth argument
		   -b,--background	   Background
		   -N,--nicelevel N	   Change nice level
		   -c,--chuid USER[:[GRP]] Change to user/group
		   -m,--make-pidfile	   Write PID to the pidfile specified by -p
	   -K only:
		   -s,--signal SIG	   Signal to send
		   -t,--test		   Match only, exit with 0 if a process is found
	   Other:

		   -o,--oknodo		   Exit with status 0 if nothing is done
		   -v,--verbose		   Verbose
		   -q,--quiet		   Quiet

       stat
	   stat [OPTIONS] FILE...

	   Display file (default) or filesystem status

		   -c fmt  Use the specified format
		   -f	   Display filesystem status
		   -L	   Follow links
		   -t	   Display info in terse form

	   Valid format sequences for files:

	    %a	   Access rights in octal
	    %A	   Access rights in human readable form
	    %b	   Number of blocks allocated (see %B)
	    %B	   The size in bytes of each block reported by %b
	    %d	   Device number in decimal
	    %D	   Device number in hex
	    %f	   Raw mode in hex
	    %F	   File type
	    %g	   Group ID of owner
	    %G	   Group name of owner
	    %h	   Number of hard links
	    %i	   Inode number
	    %n	   File name
	    %N	   File name, with -> TARGET if symlink
	    %o	   I/O block size
	    %s	   Total size, in bytes
	    %t	   Major device type in hex
	    %T	   Minor device type in hex
	    %u	   User ID of owner
	    %U	   User name of owner
	    %x	   Time of last access
	    %X	   Time of last access as seconds since Epoch
	    %y	   Time of last modification
	    %Y	   Time of last modification as seconds since Epoch
	    %z	   Time of last change
	    %Z	   Time of last change as seconds since Epoch

	   Valid format sequences for file systems:

	    %a	   Free blocks available to non-superuser
	    %b	   Total data blocks in file system
	    %c	   Total file nodes in file system
	    %d	   Free file nodes in file system
	    %f	   Free blocks in file system
	    %i	   File System ID in hex
	    %l	   Maximum length of filenames
	    %n	   File name
	    %s	   Block size (for faster transfer)
	    %S	   Fundamental block size (for block counts)
	    %t	   Type in hex
	    %T	   Type in human readable form

       strings
	   strings [-afo] [-n LEN] [FILE]...

	   Display printable strings in a binary file

		   -a	   Scan whole file (default)
		   -f	   Precede strings with filenames
		   -n LEN  At least LEN characters form a string (default 4)
		   -o	   Precede strings with decimal offsets

       stty
	   stty [-a|g] [-F DEVICE] [SETTING]...

	   Without arguments, prints baud rate, line discipline, and
	   deviations from stty sane

		   -F DEVICE	   Open device instead of stdin
		   -a		   Print all current settings in human-readable form
		   -g		   Print in stty-readable form
		   [SETTING]	   See manpage

       su  su [OPTIONS] [-] [USER]

	   Run shell under USER (by default, root)

		   -,-l	   Clear environment, run shell as login shell
		   -p,-m   Do not set new $HOME, $SHELL, $USER, $LOGNAME
		   -c CMD  Command to pass to 'sh -c'
		   -s SH   Shell to use instead of user's default

       sulogin
	   sulogin [-t N] [TTY]

	   Single user login

		   -t N	   Timeout

       swapoff
	   swapoff [-a] [DEVICE]

	   Stop swapping on DEVICE

		   -a	   Stop swapping on all swap devices

       swapon
	   swapon [-a] [DEVICE]

	   Start swapping on DEVICE

		   -a	   Start swapping on all swap devices

       switch_root
	   switch_root [-c /dev/console] NEW_ROOT NEW_INIT [ARGS]

	   Free initramfs and switch to another root fs:

	   chroot to NEW_ROOT, delete all in /, move NEW_ROOT to /, execute
	   NEW_INIT. PID must be 1. NEW_ROOT must be a mountpoint.

		   -c DEV  Reopen stdio to DEV after switch

       sync
	   sync

	   Write all buffered blocks to disk

       sysctl
	   sysctl [OPTIONS] [KEY[=VALUE]]...

	   Show/set kernel parameters

		   -e	   Don't warn about unknown keys
		   -n	   Don't show key names
		   -a	   Show all values
		   -w	   Set values
		   -p FILE Set values from FILE (default /etc/sysctl.conf)
		   -q	   Set values silently

       syslogd
	   syslogd [OPTIONS]

	   System logging utility (this version of syslogd ignores
	   /etc/syslog.conf)

		   -n		   Run in foreground
		   -O FILE	   Log to FILE (default:/var/log/messages)
		   -l N		   Log only messages more urgent than prio N (1-8)
		   -S		   Smaller output
		   -R HOST[:PORT]  Log to IP or hostname on PORT (default PORT=514/UDP)
		   -L		   Log locally and via network (default is network only if -R)
		   -C[size_kb]	   Log to shared mem buffer (use logread to read it)

       tac tac [FILE]...

	   Concatenate FILEs and print them in reverse

       tail
	   tail [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

	   Print last 10 lines of each FILE (or stdin) to stdout.  With more
	   than one FILE, precede each with a filename header.

		   -f		   Print data as file grows
		   -s SECONDS	   Wait SECONDS between reads with -f
		   -n N[kbm]	   Print last N lines
		   -c N[kbm]	   Print last N bytes
		   -q		   Never print headers
		   -v		   Always print headers

	   N may be suffixed by k (x1024), b (x512), or m (x1024^2).  If N
	   starts with a '+', output begins with the Nth item from the start
	   of each file, not from the end.

       tar tar -[cxtZzJjahmvO] [-f TARFILE] [-C DIR] [FILE]...

	   Create, extract, or list files from a tar file

	   Operation:

		   c	   Create
		   x	   Extract
		   t	   List
		   f	   Name of TARFILE ('-' for stdin/out)
		   C	   Change to DIR before operation
		   v	   Verbose
		   Z	   (De)compress using compress
		   z	   (De)compress using gzip
		   J	   (De)compress using xz
		   j	   (De)compress using bzip2
		   a	   (De)compress using lzma
		   O	   Extract to stdout
		   h	   Follow symlinks
		   m	   Don't restore mtime

       taskset
	   taskset [-p] [MASK] [PID | PROG ARGS]

	   Set or get CPU affinity

		   -p	   Operate on an existing PID

       tee tee [-ai] [FILE]...

	   Copy stdin to each FILE, and also to stdout

		   -a	   Append to the given FILEs, don't overwrite
		   -i	   Ignore interrupt signals (SIGINT)

       telnet
	   telnet [-a] [-l USER] HOST [PORT]

	   Connect to telnet server

		   -a	   Automatic login with $USER variable
		   -l USER Automatic login as USER

       telnetd
	   telnetd [OPTIONS]

	   Handle incoming telnet connections

		   -l LOGIN	   Exec LOGIN on connect
		   -f ISSUE_FILE   Display ISSUE_FILE instead of /etc/issue
		   -K		   Close connection as soon as login exits
				   (normally wait until all programs close slave pty)
		   -p PORT	   Port to listen on
		   -b ADDR[:PORT]  Address to bind to
		   -F		   Run in foreground
		   -i		   Inetd mode

       test
	   test EXPRESSION ]

	   Check file types, compare values etc. Return a 0/1 exit code
	   depending on logical value of EXPRESSION

       tftp
	   tftp [OPTIONS] HOST [PORT]

	   Transfer a file from/to tftp server

		   -l FILE Local FILE
		   -r FILE Remote FILE
		   -g	   Get file
		   -p	   Put file
		   -b SIZE Transfer blocks of SIZE octets

       time
	   time [-v] PROG ARGS

	   Run PROG, display resource usage when it exits

		   -v	   Verbose

       timeout
	   timeout [-t SECS] [-s SIG] PROG ARGS

	   Runs PROG. Sends SIG to it if it is not gone in SECS seconds.
	   Defaults: SECS: 10, SIG: TERM.

       top top [-b] [-nCOUNT] [-dSECONDS]

	   Provide a view of process activity in real time.  Read the status
	   of all processes from /proc each SECONDS and display a screenful of
	   them.  Keys:

		   N/M/P/T: sort by pid/mem/cpu/time
		   R: reverse sort
		   H: toggle threads
		   Q,^C: exit

	   Options:

		   -b	   Batch mode
		   -n N	   Exit after N iterations
		   -d N	   Delay between updates

       touch
	   touch [-c] [-d DATE] [-t DATE] [-r FILE] FILE...

	   Update the last-modified date on the given FILE[s]

		   -c	   Don't create files
		   -d DT   Date/time to use
		   -t DT   Date/time to use
		   -r FILE Use FILE's date/time

       tr  tr [-cds] STRING1 [STRING2]

	   Translate, squeeze, or delete characters from stdin, writing to
	   stdout

		   -c	   Take complement of STRING1
		   -d	   Delete input characters coded STRING1
		   -s	   Squeeze multiple output characters of STRING2 into one character

       traceroute
	   traceroute [-46FIldnrv] [-f 1ST_TTL] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q
	   PROBES]	[-s SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-g GATEWAY] [-i
	   IFACE]      [-z PAUSE_MSEC] HOST [BYTES]

	   Trace the route to HOST

		   -4,-6   Force IP or IPv6 name resolution
		   -F	   Set the don't fragment bit
		   -I	   Use ICMP ECHO instead of UDP datagrams
		   -l	   Display the TTL value of the returned packet
		   -d	   Set SO_DEBUG options to socket
		   -n	   Print numeric addresses
		   -r	   Bypass routing tables, send directly to HOST
		   -v	   Verbose
		   -m	   Max time-to-live (max number of hops)
		   -p	   Base UDP port number used in probes
			   (default 33434)
		   -q	   Number of probes per TTL (default 3)
		   -s	   IP address to use as the source address
		   -t	   Type-of-service in probe packets (default 0)
		   -w	   Time in seconds to wait for a response (default 3)
		   -g	   Loose source route gateway (8 max)

       traceroute6
	   traceroute6 [-dnrv] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q PROBES]      [-s
	   SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-i IFACE]	  HOST [BYTES]

	   Trace the route to HOST

		   -d	   Set SO_DEBUG options to socket
		   -n	   Print numeric addresses
		   -r	   Bypass routing tables, send directly to HOST
		   -v	   Verbose
		   -m	   Max time-to-live (max number of hops)
		   -p	   Base UDP port number used in probes
			   (default is 33434)
		   -q	   Number of probes per TTL (default 3)
		   -s	   IP address to use as the source address
		   -t	   Type-of-service in probe packets (default 0)
		   -w	   Time in seconds to wait for a response (default 3)

       true
	   true

	   Return an exit code of TRUE \fIs0(0)

       tty tty

	   Print file name of stdin's terminal

		   -s	   Print nothing, only return exit status

       tunctl
	   tunctl [-f device] ([-t name] | -d name)

	   Create or delete tun interfaces

		   -f name	   tun device (/dev/net/tun)
		   -t name	   Create iface 'name'
		   -d name	   Delete iface 'name'

       udhcpc
	   udhcpc [-fbnqoCRB] [-i IFACE] [-r IP] [-s PROG] [-p PIDFILE]
		[-V VENDOR] [-x OPT:VAL]... [-O OPT]...

		   -i,--interface IFACE	   Interface to use (default eth0)
		   -p,--pidfile FILE	   Create pidfile
		   -s,--script PROG	   Run PROG at DHCP events (default /etc/udhcpc/default.script)
		   -B,--broadcast	   Request broadcast replies
		   -t,--retries N	   Send up to N discover packets
		   -T,--timeout N	   Pause between packets (default 3 seconds)
		   -A,--tryagain N	   Wait N seconds after failure (default 20)
		   -f,--foreground	   Run in foreground
		   -b,--background	   Background if lease is not obtained
		   -n,--now		   Exit if lease is not obtained
		   -q,--quit		   Exit after obtaining lease
		   -R,--release		   Release IP on exit
		   -S,--syslog		   Log to syslog too
		   -a,--arping		   Use arping to validate offered address
		   -O,--request-option OPT Request option OPT from server (cumulative)
		   -o,--no-default-options Don't request any options (unless -O is given)
		   -r,--request IP	   Request this IP address
		   -x OPT:VAL		   Include option OPT in sent packets (cumulative)
					   Examples of string, numeric, and hex byte opts:
					   -x hostname:bbox - option 12
					   -x lease:3600 - option 51 (lease time)
					   -x 0x3d:0100BEEFC0FFEE - option 61 (client id)
		   -F,--fqdn NAME	   Ask server to update DNS mapping for NAME
		   -V,--vendorclass VENDOR Vendor identifier (default 'udhcp VERSION')
		   -C,--clientid-none	   Don't send MAC as client identifier
	   Signals:

		   USR1	   Renew lease
		   USR2	   Release lease

       udhcpd
	   udhcpd [-fS] [CONFFILE]

	   DHCP server

		   -f	   Run in foreground
		   -S	   Log to syslog too

       umount
	   umount [OPTIONS] FILESYSTEM|DIRECTORY

	   Unmount file systems

		   -a	   Unmount all file systems
		   -r	   Try to remount devices as read-only if mount is busy
		   -l	   Lazy umount (detach filesystem)
		   -f	   Force umount (i.e., unreachable NFS server)
		   -D	   Don't free loop device even if it has been used

       uname
	   uname [-amnrspv]

	   Print system information

		   -a	   Print all
		   -m	   The machine (hardware) type
		   -n	   Hostname
		   -r	   OS release
		   -s	   OS name (default)
		   -p	   Processor type
		   -v	   OS version

       uncompress
	   uncompress [-cf] [FILE]...

	   Decompress .Z file[s]

		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Overwrite

       unexpand
	   unexpand [-fa][-t N] [FILE]...

	   Convert spaces to tabs, writing to stdout

		   -a,--all	   Convert all blanks
		   -f,--first-only Convert only leading blanks
		   -t,--tabs=N	   Tabstops every N chars

       uniq
	   uniq [-cdu][-f,s,w N] [INPUT [OUTPUT]]

	   Discard duplicate lines

		   -c	   Prefix lines by the number of occurrences
		   -d	   Only print duplicate lines
		   -u	   Only print unique lines
		   -f N	   Skip first N fields
		   -s N	   Skip first N chars (after any skipped fields)
		   -w N	   Compare N characters in line

       unix2dos
	   unix2dos [-ud] [FILE]

	   Convert FILE in-place from Unix to DOS format.  When no file is
	   given, use stdin/stdout.

		   -u	   dos2unix
		   -d	   unix2dos

       unlzma
	   unlzma [-cf] [FILE]...

	   Decompress FILE (or stdin)

		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       unxz
	   unxz [-cf] [FILE]...

	   Decompress FILE (or stdin)

		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       unzip
	   unzip [-lnopq] FILE[.zip] [FILE]... [-x FILE...] [-d DIR]

	   Extract FILEs from ZIP archive

		   -l	   List contents (with -q for short form)
		   -n	   Never overwrite files (default: ask)
		   -o	   Overwrite
		   -p	   Print to stdout
		   -q	   Quiet
		   -x FILE Exclude FILEs
		   -d DIR  Extract into DIR

       uptime
	   uptime

	   Display the time since the last boot

       usleep
	   usleep N

	   Pause for N microseconds

       uudecode
	   uudecode [-o OUTFILE] [INFILE]

	   Uudecode a file Finds OUTFILE in uuencoded source unless -o is
	   given

       uuencode
	   uuencode [-m] [FILE] STORED_FILENAME

	   Uuencode FILE (or stdin) to stdout

		   -m	   Use base64 encoding per RFC1521

       vconfig
	   vconfig COMMAND [OPTIONS]

	   Create and remove virtual ethernet devices

		   add		   IFACE VLAN_ID
		   rem		   VLAN_NAME
		   set_flag	   IFACE 0|1 VLAN_QOS
		   set_egress_map  VLAN_NAME SKB_PRIO VLAN_QOS
		   set_ingress_map VLAN_NAME SKB_PRIO VLAN_QOS
		   set_name_type   NAME_TYPE

       vi  vi [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

	   Edit FILE

		   -c CMD  Initial command to run ($EXINIT also available)
		   -R	   Read-only
		   -H	   List available features

       watch
	   watch [-n SEC] [-t] PROG ARGS

	   Run PROG periodically

		   -n	   Loop period in seconds (default 2)
		   -t	   Don't print header

       watchdog
	   watchdog [-t N[ms]] [-T N[ms]] [-F] DEV

	   Periodically write to watchdog device DEV

		   -T N	   Reboot after N seconds if not reset (default 60)
		   -t N	   Reset every N seconds (default 30)
		   -F	   Run in foreground

	   Use 500ms to specify period in milliseconds

       wc  wc [-cmlwL] [FILE]...

	   Count lines, words, and bytes for each FILE (or stdin)

		   -c	   Count bytes
		   -m	   Count characters
		   -l	   Count newlines
		   -w	   Count words
		   -L	   Print longest line length

       wget
	   wget [-c|--continue] [-s|--spider] [-q|--quiet]
	   [-O|--output-document FILE]	    [--header 'header: value']
	   [-Y|--proxy on/off] [-P DIR]	     [-U|--user-agent AGENT] URL...

	   Retrieve files via HTTP or FTP

		   -s	   Spider mode - only check file existence
		   -c	   Continue retrieval of aborted transfer
		   -q	   Quiet
		   -P DIR  Save to DIR (default .)
		   -O FILE Save to FILE ('-' for stdout)
		   -U STR  Use STR for User-Agent header
		   -Y	   Use proxy ('on' or 'off')

       which
	   which [COMMAND]...

	   Locate a COMMAND

       who who [-a]

	   Show who is logged on

		   -a	   Show all
		   -H	   Print column headers

       whoami
	   whoami

	   Print the user name associated with the current effective user id

       xargs
	   xargs [OPTIONS] [PROG ARGS]

	   Run PROG on every item given by stdin

		   -p	   Ask user whether to run each command
		   -r	   Don't run command if input is empty
		   -0	   Input is separated by NUL characters
		   -t	   Print the command on stderr before execution
		   -e[STR] STR stops input processing
		   -n N	   Pass no more than N args to PROG
		   -s N	   Pass command line of no more than N bytes
		   -x	   Exit if size is exceeded

       xz  xz -d [-cf] [FILE]...

	   Decompress FILE (or stdin)

		   -d	   Decompress
		   -c	   Write to stdout
		   -f	   Force

       xzcat
	   xzcat FILE

	   Decompress to stdout

       yes yes [STRING]

	   Repeatedly output a line with STRING, or 'y'

       zcat
	   zcat FILE

	   Decompress to stdout

LIBC NSS
       GNU Libc (glibc) uses the Name Service Switch (NSS) to configure the
       behavior of the C library for the local environment, and to configure
       how it reads system data, such as passwords and group information.
       This is implemented using an /etc/nsswitch.conf configuration file, and
       using one or more of the /lib/libnss_* libraries.  BusyBox tries to
       avoid using any libc calls that make use of NSS.	 Some applets however,
       such as login and su, will use libc functions that require NSS.

       If you enable CONFIG_USE_BB_PWD_GRP, BusyBox will use internal
       functions to directly access the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and
       /etc/shadow files without using NSS.  This may allow you to run your
       system without the need for installing any of the NSS configuration
       files and libraries.

       When used with glibc, the BusyBox 'networking' applets will similarly
       require that you install at least some of the glibc NSS stuff (in
       particular, /etc/nsswitch.conf, /lib/libnss_dns*, /lib/libnss_files*,
       and /lib/libresolv*).

       Shameless Plug: As an alternative, one could use a C library such as
       uClibc.	In addition to making your system significantly smaller,
       uClibc does not require the use of any NSS support files or libraries.

MAINTAINER
       Denis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

AUTHORS
       The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether they know
       it or not.  If you have written code included in BusyBox, you should
       probably be listed here so you can obtain your bit of eternal glory.
       If you should be listed here, or the description of what you have done
       needs more detail, or is incorrect, please send in an update.

       Emanuele Aina <emanuele.aina@tiscali.it>
	   run-parts

       Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>

	   Tons of new stuff, major rewrite of most of the
	   core apps, tons of new apps as noted in header files.
	   Lots of tedious effort writing these boring docs that
	   nobody is going to actually read.

       Laurence Anderson <l.d.anderson@warwick.ac.uk>

	   rpm2cpio, unzip, get_header_cpio, read_gz interface, rpm

       Jeff Angielski <jeff@theptrgroup.com>

	   ftpput, ftpget

       Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>

	   expr, hostid, logname, whoami

       John Beppu <beppu@codepoet.org>

	   du, nslookup, sort

       Brian Candler <B.Candler@pobox.com>

	   tiny-ls(ls)

       Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>

	   fbset, ping, hostname

       Dave Cinege <dcinege@psychosis.com>

	   more(v2), makedevs, dutmp, modularization, auto links file,
	   various fixes, Linux Router Project maintenance

       Jordan Crouse <jordan@cosmicpenguin.net>

	   ipcalc

       Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>

	   tftp client insmod powerpc support

       Larry Doolittle <ldoolitt@recycle.lbl.gov>

	   pristine source directory compilation, lots of patches and fixes.

       Glenn Engel <glenne@engel.org>

	   httpd

       Gennady Feldman <gfeldman@gena01.com>

	   Sysklogd (single threaded syslogd, IPC Circular buffer support,
	   logread), various fixes.

       Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>

	   cp_mv.c, the test suite, various fixes to utility.c, &c.

       Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>

	   mktemp.c

       Matt Kraai <kraai@alumni.cmu.edu>

	   documentation, bugfixes, test suite

       Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net>

	   ipcalc, Red Hat equivalence

       John Lombardo <john@deltanet.com>

	   tr

       Glenn McGrath <bug1@iinet.net.au>

	   Common unarchiving code and unarchiving applets, ifupdown, ftpgetput,
	   nameif, sed, patch, fold, install, uudecode.
	   Various bugfixes, review and apply numerous patches.

       Manuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>

	   cat, head, mkfifo, mknod, rmdir, sleep, tee, tty, uniq, usleep, wc, yes,
	   mesg, vconfig, make_directory, parse_mode, dirname, mode_string,
	   get_last_path_component, simplify_path, and a number trivial libbb routines

	   also bug fixes, partial rewrites, and size optimizations in
	   ash, basename, cal, cmp, cp, df, du, echo, env, ln, logname, md5sum, mkdir,
	   mv, realpath, rm, sort, tail, touch, uname, watch, arith, human_readable,
	   interface, dutmp, ifconfig, route

       Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>

	   cmdedit; xargs(current), httpd(current);
	   ports: ash, crond, fdisk, inetd, stty, traceroute, top;
	   locale, various fixes
	   and irreconcilable critic of everything not perfect.

       Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>

	   Original author of BusyBox in 1995, 1996. Some of his code can
	   still be found hiding here and there...

       Tim Riker <Tim@Rikers.org>

	   bug fixes, member of fan club

       Kent Robotti <robotti@metconnect.com>

	   reset, tons and tons of bug reports and patches.

       Chip Rosenthal <chip@unicom.com>, <crosenth@covad.com>

	   wget - Contributed by permission of Covad Communications

       Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>

	   Lots of bugs fixes and patches.

       Gyepi Sam <gyepi@praxis-sw.com>

	   Remote logging feature for syslogd

       Linus Torvalds <torvalds@transmeta.com>

	   mkswap, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix

       Mark Whitley <markw@codepoet.org>

	   grep, sed, cut, xargs(previous),
	   style-guide, new-applet-HOWTO, bug fixes, etc.

       Charles P. Wright <cpwright@villagenet.com>

	   gzip, mini-netcat(nc)

       Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>

	   tarcat (since removed), loadkmap, various fixes, Debian maintenance

       Tito Ragusa <farmatito@tiscali.it>

	   devfsd and size optimizations in strings, openvt and deallocvt.

       Paul Fox <pgf@foxharp.boston.ma.us>

	   vi editing mode for ash, various other patches/fixes

       Roberto A. Foglietta <me@roberto.foglietta.name>

	   port: dnsd

       Bernhard Reutner-Fischer <rep.dot.nop@gmail.com>

	   misc

       Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>

	   initial e2fsprogs, printenv, setarch, sum, misc

       Jie Zhang <jie.zhang@analog.com>

	   fixed two bugs in msh and hush (exitcode of killed processes)

version 1.21.1			  2013-11-14			    BUSYBOX(1)
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