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BATCH(1P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		     BATCH(1P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       batch — schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue

SYNOPSIS
       batch

DESCRIPTION
       The batch utility shall read commands from standard input and  schedule
       them  for execution in a batch queue. It shall be the equivalent of the
       command:

	   at −q b −m now

       where queue b is a special at queue, specifically for batch jobs. Batch
       jobs shall be submitted to the batch queue with no time constraints and
       shall be run by the system using algorithms, based on unspecified  fac‐
       tors, that may vary with each invocation of batch.

       Users shall be permitted to use batch if their name appears in the file
       at.allow which is located in an implementation-defined  directory.   If
       that  file  does	 not  exist,  the file at.deny, which is located in an
       implementation-defined directory, shall be checked to determine whether
       the user shall be denied access to batch.  If neither file exists, only
       a process with appropriate privileges shall be allowed to submit a job.
       If  only	 at.deny exists and is empty, global usage shall be permitted.
       The at.allow and at.deny files shall consist of one user name per line.

OPTIONS
       None.

OPERANDS
       None.

STDIN
       The standard input shall be a text file consisting of commands  accept‐
       able  to	 the shell command language described in Chapter 2, Shell Com‐
       mand Language.

INPUT FILES
       The text files at.allow and at.deny, which are located in an  implemen‐
       tation-defined  directory,  shall  contain zero or more user names, one
       per line, of users who are, respectively, authorized or	denied	access
       to the at and batch utilities.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The  following  environment  variables  shall  affect  the execution of
       batch:

       LANG	 Provide a default value for  the  internationalization	 vari‐
		 ables	that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions vol‐
		 ume of POSIX.1‐2008, Section 8.2, Internationalization	 Vari‐
		 ables	for  the  precedence of internationalization variables
		 used to determine the values of locale categories.)

       LC_ALL	 If set to a non-empty string value, override  the  values  of
		 all the other internationalization variables.

       LC_CTYPE	 Determine  the	 locale for the interpretation of sequences of
		 bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
		 opposed  to  multi-byte  characters  in  arguments  and input
		 files).

       LC_MESSAGES
		 Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format
		 and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error
		 and informative messages written to standard output.

       LC_TIME	 Determine the format and contents for date and	 time  strings
		 written by batch.

       NLSPATH	 Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing
		 of LC_MESSAGES.

       SHELL	 Determine the name of a command interpreter  to  be  used  to
		 invoke the at-job. If the variable is unset or null, sh shall
		 be used. If it is set to a value other than a	name  for  sh,
		 the  implementation  shall  do one of the following: use that
		 shell; use sh; use the login shell from  the  user  database;
		 any  of  the  preceding  accompanied  by a warning diagnostic
		 about which was chosen.

       TZ	 Determine the timezone. The job shall be submitted for execu‐
		 tion at the time specified by timespec or −t time relative to
		 the timezone specified by the TZ variable. If timespec speci‐
		 fies a timezone, it overrides TZ.  If timespec does not spec‐
		 ify a timezone and  TZ	 is  unset  or	null,  an  unspecified
		 default timezone shall be used.

ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
       Default.

STDOUT
       When  standard  input  is a terminal, prompts of unspecified format for
       each line of the user input described in the STDIN section may be writ‐
       ten to standard output.

STDERR
       The  following  shall  be written to standard error when a job has been
       successfully submitted:

	   "job %s at %s\n", at_job_id, <date>

       where date shall be equivalent in format to the output of:

	   date +"%a %b %e %T %Y"

       The date and time written shall be adjusted so that they appear in  the
       timezone of the user (as determined by the TZ variable).

       Neither this, nor warning messages concerning the selection of the com‐
       mand interpreter, are considered a diagnostic  that  changes  the  exit
       status.

       Diagnostic messages, if any, shall be written to standard error.

OUTPUT FILES
       None.

EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
       None.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values shall be returned:

	0    Successful completion.

       >0    An error occurred.

CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
       The job shall not be scheduled.

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       It  may be useful to redirect standard output within the specified com‐
       mands.

EXAMPLES
	1. This sequence can be used at a terminal:

	       batch
	       sort < file >outfile
	       EOT

	2. This sequence, which demonstrates redirecting standard error	 to  a
	   pipe,  is useful in a command procedure (the sequence of output re‐
	   direction specifications is significant):

	       batch <<!
	       diff file1 file2 2>&1 >outfile | mailx mygroup
	       !

RATIONALE
       Early proposals described batch in a manner totally separated from  at,
       even  though the historical model treated it almost as a synonym for at
       −qb.  A number of features were added to list and  control  batch  work
       separately  from	 those in at.  Upon further reflection, it was decided
       that the benefit of this did not merit the  change  to  the  historical
       interface.

       The  −m	option was included on the equivalent at command because it is
       historical practice to mail results to the submitter, even if all  job-
       produced	 output	 is  redirected. As explained in the RATIONALE for at,
       the now keyword submits the job for immediate execution (after schedul‐
       ing  delays),  despite  some historical systems where at now would have
       been considered an error.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       None.

SEE ALSO
       at

       The Base Definitions volume of  POSIX.1‐2008,  Chapter  8,  Environment
       Variables

COPYRIGHT
       Portions	 of  this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       --  Portable  Operating	System	Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of Electri‐
       cal  and	 Electronics  Engineers,  Inc  and  The	 Open Group.  (This is
       POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum	 1  applied.)  In  the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group  Standard
       is  the	referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
       at http://www.unix.org/online.html .

       Any typographical or formatting errors that appear  in  this  page  are
       most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source
       files to man page format. To report such errors,	 see  https://www.ker‐
       nel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2013			     BATCH(1P)
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