bas man page on UNIXv7

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BAS(1)									BAS(1)

NAME
       bas - basic

SYNOPSIS
       bas [ file ]

DESCRIPTION
       Bas is a dialect of Basic.  If a file argument is provided, the file is
       used for input before the terminal is read.  Bas accepts lines  of  the
       form:

	  statement
	  integer statement

       Integer	numbered  statements (known as internal statements) are stored
       for later execution.  They are stored in sorted ascending order.	  Non-
       numbered statements are immediately executed.  The result of an immedi‐
       ate expression statement (that does not have `=' as its highest	opera‐
       tor) is printed.	 Interrupts suspend computation.

       Statements have the following syntax:

       expression
	    The	 expression  is	 executed  for its side effects (assignment or
	    function call) or for printing as described above.

       comment
	    This statement is ignored.	It is used to interject commentary  in
	    a program.

       done
	    Return to system level.

       dump
	    The name and current value of every variable is printed.

       edit
	    The UNIX editor, ed, is invoked with the file argument.  After the
	    editor exits, this file is recompiled.

       for name = expression expression statement
       for name = expression expression
       next
	    The for statement repetitively executes a statement	 (first	 form)
	    or	a  group  of statements (second form) under control of a named
	    variable.  The variable takes on the value of  the	first  expres‐
	    sion,  then	 is incremented by one on each loop, not to exceed the
	    value of the second expression.

       goto expression
	    The expression is evaluated, truncated to an integer and execution
	    goes  to the corresponding integer numbered statment.  If executed
	    from immediate mode, the internal statements are compiled first.

       if expression statement
       if expression
       [ else
       fi
	    The statement (first form) or group of statements (second form) is
	    executed  if  the expression evaluates to non-zero.	 In the second
	    form, an optional else allows for a group of statements to be exe‐
	    cuted when the first group is not.

       list [expression [expression]]
	    is	used to print out the stored internal statements.  If no argu‐
	    ments are given, all internal  statements  are  printed.   If  one
	    argument is given, only that internal statement is listed.	If two
	    arguments are given, all internal statements  inclusively  between
	    the arguments are printed.

       print list
	    The	 list of expressions and strings are concatenated and printed.
	    (A string is delimited by " characters.)

       prompt list
	    Prompt is the same as print except that no	newline	 character  is
	    printed.

       return [expression]
	    The	 expression  is evaluated and the result is passed back as the
	    value of a function call.  If no  expression  is  given,  zero  is
	    returned.

       run
	    The internal statements are compiled.  The symbol table is re-ini‐
	    tialized.  The random  number  generator  is  reset.   Control  is
	    passed to the lowest numbered internal statement.

       save [expression [expression]]
	    Save  is  like  list except that the output is written on the file
	    argument.  If no argument is given on the command, b.out is used.

       Expressions have the following syntax:

       name
	    A name is used to specify a variable.  Names  are  composed	 of  a
	    letter  followed by letters and digits.  The first four characters
	    of a name are significant.

       number
	    A number is used to represent a constant value.  A number is writ‐
	    ten	 in  Fortran  style,  and contains digits, an optional decimal
	    point, and possibly a scale factor consisting of an e followed  by
	    a possibly signed exponent.

       ( expression )
	    Parentheses are used to alter normal order of evaluation.

       _ expression
	    The result is the negation of the expression.

       expression operator expression
	    Common functions of two arguments are abbreviated by the two argu‐
	    ments separated by an operator denoting the function.  A  complete
	    list of operators is given below.

       expression ( [expression [ , expression] ... ] )
	    Functions  of an arbitrary number of arguments can be called by an
	    expression followed by the arguments in parentheses	 separated  by
	    commas.   The expression evaluates to the line number of the entry
	    of the function in the internally stored statements.  This	causes
	    the	 internal statements to be compiled.  If the expression evalu‐
	    ates negative, a builtin function is called.  The list of  builtin
	    functions appears below.

       name [ expression [ , expression ] ...  ]
	    Each expression is truncated to an integer and used as a specifier
	    for the name.  The result is syntactically identical  to  a	 name.
	    a[1,2]  is	the  same  as  a[1][2].	 The truncated expressions are
	    restricted to values between 0 and 32767.

       The following is the list of operators:

       =      = is the assignment operator.  The left operand must be  a  name
	      or  an array element.  The result is the right operand.  Assign‐
	      ment binds right to left,

       &  |   & (logical and) has result zero if either of its	arguments  are
	      zero.   It has result one if both its arguments are non-zero.  |
	      (logical or) has result zero if both of its arguments are	 zero.
	      It has result one if either of its arguments are non-zero.

       <  <=  >	 >=  ==	 <>
	      The  relational operators (< less than, <= less than or equal, >
	      greater than, >= greater than or equal,  ==  equal  to,  <>  not
	      equal  to)  return  one  if their arguments are in the specified
	      relation.	 They return zero otherwise.  Relational operators  at
	      the same level extend as follows: a>b>c is the same as a>b&b>c.

       + -    Add and subtract.

       * /    Multiply and divide.

       ^      Exponentiation.

       The following is a list of builtin functions:

       arg(i) is  the value of the i -th actual parameter on the current level
	      of function call.

       exp(x) is the exponential function of x.

       log(x) is the natural logarithm of x.

       sqr(x) is the square root of x.

       sin(x) is the sine of x (radians).

       cos(x) is the cosine of x (radians).

       atn(x) is the arctangent of x.  Its value is between -π/2 and π/2.

       rnd( ) is a uniformly distributed random number between zero and one.

       expr( )
	      is the only form of program input.  A  line  is  read  from  the
	      input  and  evaluated  as an expression.	The resultant value is
	      returned.

       abs(x) is the absolute value of x.

       int(x) returns x truncated (towards 0) to an integer.

FILES
       /tmp/btm? temporary
       b.out	      save file
       /bin/ed	 for edit

DIAGNOSTICS
       Syntax errors cause the incorrect line to be typed with	an  underscore
       where the parse failed.	All other diagnostics are self explanatory.

BUGS
       Has been known to give core images.
       Catches interrupts even when they are turned off.

									BAS(1)
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