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ata(7D)				    Devices			       ata(7D)

NAME
       ata - AT attachment disk driver

SYNOPSIS
       ide@unit-address

DESCRIPTION
       The ata driver supports disk and ATAPI CD/DVD devices conforming to the
       AT Attachment specification including IDE interfaces. Support  is  pro‐
       vided for both parallel ATA (PATA) and serial ATA (SATA) interfaces.

       Refer to the Solaris x86 Hardware Compatibility List for a list of sup‐
       ported controllers.

PRECONFIGURE
       A PCI IDE controller can operate in compatibility mode or in PCI-native
       mode.  If  more	than one controller is present in the system, only one
       can operate in compatibility mode.

       If two PATA drives share the same controller, you must set one to  mas‐
       ter and the other to slave. If both a PATA disk drive and a PATA CD-ROM
       drive utilize the same controller, you can designate the disk drive  as
       the  master  with  the  CD-ROM drive as the slave, although this is not
       mandatory.

   Supported Settings
       Supported settings for the primary  controller  when  in	 compatibility
       mode are:

	   o	  IRQ Level: 14

	   o	  I/O Address: 0x1F0

       Supported  settings  for the secondary controller when in compatibility
       mode are:

	   o	  IRQ Level: 15

	   o	  I/O Address: 0x170

       Note -

	 When in PCI-native mode, the IRQ and I/O address resources  are  con‐
	 figured by the system BIOS.

   Known Problems and Limitations
	   o	  This	driver does not support any RAID features present on a
		  PATA/SATA controller. As a result, you should configure BIOS
		  to  select  IDE mode rather than RAID mode. Some systems may
		  require updating BIOS to allow switching modes.

	   o	  On some systems, the SATA controller must  have  option  ROM
		  enabled  or  BIOS  will not consider SATA drives as bootable
		  devices.

	   o	  Panasonic LK-MC579B  and  the	 Mitsumi  FX34005  IDE	CD-ROM
		  drives  are  not supported and cannot be used to install the
		  Solaris operating environment.

	   o	  CMD-604 is unable to handle simultaneous  I/O	 on  both  IDE
		  interfaces.  This defect causes the Solaris software to hang
		  if both interfaces are used. Use only the primary IDE inter‐
		  face at address 0x1F0.

	   o	  NEC  CDR-260/CDR-260R/CDR-273	 and Sony CDU-55E ATAPI CD-ROM
		  drives might fail during installation.

	   o	  Sony CDU-701 CD-ROM drives must be upgraded to use  firmware
		  version 1.0r or later to support booting from the CD.

		  A  Compact  Flash(CF) card can work as an ATA disk through a
		  CF-to-ATA adapter. If both card and adapter  implement  Com‐
		  pact	Flash Version 2.0, DMA is supported. If either of them
		  does not, you should set ata-disk-dma-enabled to '0.'

CONFIGURATION
       The ata driver properties are usually set in ata.conf. However, it  may
       be  convenient,	or in some cases necessary, for you to set some of the
       DMA related properties as a system global  boot	environment  property.
       You  set or modify properties in the boot environment immediately prior
       to booting the Solaris kernel using the GRUB boot  loader  kernel  boot
       command	line.  You  can also set boot environment properties using the
       eeprom(1M) command or by editing the bootenv.rc configuration file.  If
       a property is set in both the driver's ata.conf file and the boot envi‐
       ronment, the ata.conf property takes precedence.

       Property modifications other than with the GRUB kernel	boot   command
       line are not effective until you reboot the system.  Property modifica‐
       tions via the GRUB kernel  boot command	line  do  not  persist	across
       future boots.

       Direct  Memory Access is enabled for disks and atapi CD/DVD by default.
       If you want to disable DMA when booting from a CD/DVD, you  must	 first
       set atapi-cd-dma-enabled	 to 0 using the GRUB kernel boot command line.

       ata-dma-enabled		  This	property  is  examined	before the DMA
				  properties discussed below. If it is set  to
				  '0,'	DMA  is	 disabled  for	all  ATA/ATAPI
				  devices, and no further property checks  are
				  made.	 If  this property is absent or is set
				  to '1,' DMA status is determined by  further
				  examining one of the other properties listed
				  below.

       ata-disk-dma-enabled	  This property is examined only for ATA  disk
				  devices,  and only if ata-dma-enabled is not
				  set to '0.'

				  If ata-disk-dma-enabled set to '0,'  DMA  is
				  disabled for all ATA disks in the system. If
				  this property is absent or set to  '1,'  DMA
				  is  enabled for all ATA disks and no further
				  property checks are made.  If	 needed,  this
				  property  should  be created by the adminis‐
				  trator using the GRUB	 kernel	 boot  command
				  line or the eeprom(1M) command.

       atapi-cd-dma-enabled	  This	property  is  examined	only for ATAPI
				  CD/DVD devices, and only if  ata-dma-enabled
				  is not set to '0.'

				  If  atapi-cd-dma-enabled is absent or set to
				  '0,' DMA is disabled for all ATAPI CD/DVD's.
				  If set to '1,' DMA is enabled and no further
				  property checks are made.

				  The  Solaris	installation  program  creates
				  this property in the boot environment with a
				  value of '1.' It can	be  changed  with  the
				  GRUB	kernel boot command line or eeprom(1M)
				  as shown in the Example section of this man‐
				  page.

       atapi-other-dma-enabled	  This	property  is  examined	only  for non-
				  CD/DVD ATAPI	devices	 such  as  ATAPI  tape
				  drives,  and	only if ata-dma-enabled is not
				  set to '0.'

				  If atapi-other-dma-enabled is	 set  to  '0,'
				  DMA  is  disabled  for  all non-CD/DVD ATAPI
				  devices. If this property is absent  or  set
				  to  '1,' DMA is enabled and no further prop‐
				  erty checks are made.

				  If needed, this property should  be  created
				  by  the  administrator using the GRUB kernel
				  boot command line or the eeprom(1M) command.

       drive0_block_factor	  ATA  controllers  support  some  amount   of
       drive1_block_factor	  buffering  (blocking).  The  purpose	is  to
				  interrupt the host  when  an	entire	buffer
				  full	of  data  has  been  read  or  written
				  instead of using an interrupt for each  sec‐
				  tor.	This  reduces  interrupt  overhead and
				  significantly	 increases   throughput.   The
				  driver  interrogates	the controller to find
				  the buffer size. Some controllers hang  when
				  buffering is used, so the values in the con‐
				  figuration file are used by  the  driver  to
				  reduce  the  effect of buffering (blocking).
				  The values presented may be chosen from 0x1,
				  0x2, 0x4, 0x8 and 0x10.

				  The  values  as  shipped are set to 0x1, and
				  they can be tuned to increase performance.

				  If your controller hangs when attempting  to
				  use  higher block factors, you may be unable
				  to reboot the system. For x86 based systems,
				  it  is  recommended that tuning be performed
				  using	  a   duplicate	   of	 the	/plat‐
				  form/i86pc/kernel  directory	subtree.  This
				  ensures  that	 a  bootable  kernel   subtree
				  exists in the event of a failed test.

       ata-revert-to-defaults	  When	rebooting or shutting down, the driver
       revert—<diskmodel>	  can set a feature which allows the drive  to
				  return  to  the  power-on  settings when the
				  drive	 receives  a  software	reset	(SRST)
				  sequence.  If	 this  property is present and
				  set to 1, the driver will set the feature to
				  revert  to  defaults	during	reset. Setting
				  this property to 1 may prevent some  systems
				  from	 soft-rebooting	  and	would  require
				  cycling the power to	boot  the  system.  If
				  this property is not present the system will
				  not set the feature to  revert  to  defaults
				  during reset.

				  To  determine	 the  string to substitute for
				  <diskmodel>, boot your system (you may  have
				  to  press  the  reset button or power-cycle)
				  and then view	 /var/adm/messages.  Look  for
				  the  string  "IDE  device at targ" or "ATAPI
				  device at targ." The next line will  contain
				  the  word "model" followed by the model num‐
				  ber  and  a  comma.  Ignore  all  characters
				  except  letters,  digits, ".", "_", and "-".
				  Change uppercase letters to lower  case.  If
				  the string revert-<diskmodel> is longer than
				  31 characters, use only the first 31 charac‐
				  ters.

EXAMPLES
       Example 1 Sample ata Configuration File

	 # for higher performance - set block factor to 16
	      drive0_block_factor=0x1 drive1_block_factor=0x1
	      max_transfer=0x100
	      flow_control="dmult" queue="qsort" disk="dadk" ;

       Example 2 Revert to defaults property

	 revert-st320420a=1;

       Output of /var/adm/messages:

	 Aug 17 06:49:43 caesar ata:[ID 640982 kern.info] IDE device at targ 0,
				    lun 0 lastlun 0x0
	 Aug 17 06:49:43 caesar ata:[ID 521533 kern.info] model ST320420A, stat

       Example 3 Change DMA property using GRUB

       To change a DMA property using the GRUB kernel boot command line:

	   1.	  Reset the system.

	   2.	  Press "e" to interrupt the timeout.

	   3.	  Select the kernel line.

	   4.	  Press "e."

	   5.	  If there is no existing -B option:

		  Add: -B atapi-cd-dma-enabled=1

		  else...

		  Add:	atapi-cd-dma-enabled=1	to  the	 end of the current -B
		  option. For example:-B foo=bar,atapi-cd-dma-enabled=1.

	   6.	  Press Enter to commit the edited line to memory.  (Does  not
		  write to the disk and is non-persistent).

	   7.	  Press 'b' to boot the modified entry.

       Example 4 Change DMA Property with eeprom(1M)

       To  enable  DMA for optical devices while the Solaris kernel is running
       with the eeprom(1M) system command:

	 eeprom 'atapi-cd-dma-enabled=1'

FILES
       /platform/i86pc/kernel/drv/ata

	   Device driver.

       /platform/i86pc/kernel/drv/ata.conf

	   Configuration file.

       /boot/solaris/bootenv.rc

	   Boot environment variables file for Solaris x86. eeprom(1M) can  be
	   used to modify properties in this file.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Architecture		     │x86			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       eeprom(1M), attributes(5), grub(5)

       INCITS T13 ATA/ATAPI-7 specifications

SunOS 5.11			  18 Apr 2007			       ata(7D)
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