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AR(1)									 AR(1)

NAME
       ar - maintain portable archive or library

SYNOPSIS
       /usr/bin/ar -d [-Vv] archive file...

       /usr/bin/ar -m [-abiVv] [posname] archive file...

       /usr/bin/ar -p [-sVv] archive [file]...

       /usr/bin/ar -q [-cVv] archive file...

       /usr/bin/ar -r [-abciuVv] [posname] archive file...

       /usr/bin/ar -t [-sVv] archive [file]...

       /usr/bin/ar -x [-CsTVv] archive [file]...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -d [-Vv] archive file...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -m [-abiVv] [posname] archive file...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -p [-sVv] archive [file]...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -q [-cVv] archive file...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -r [-abciuVv] [posname] archive file...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -t [-sVv] archive [file]...

       /usr/xpg4/bin/ar -x [-CsTVv] archive [file]...

DESCRIPTION
       The ar utility maintains groups of files combined into a single archive
       file. Its main use is to create and update library files.  However,  it
       can  be	used  for  any	similar purpose. The magic string and the file
       headers used by ar consist of printable ASCII characters. If an archive
       is composed of printable files, the entire archive is printable.

       When ar creates an archive, it creates headers in a format that is por‐
       table across all machines. The portable archive	format	and  structure
       are  described  in  detail  in  ar.h(3HEAD).  The  archive symbol table
       described there is used by the link editor  ld(1)  to  effect  multiple
       passes  over  libraries	of object files in an efficient manner. An ar‐
       chive symbol table is only created and maintained by ar when  there  is
       at least one object file in the archive. The archive symbol table is in
       a specially named file that is always the first file  in	 the  archive.
       This file is never mentioned or accessible to the user. Whenever the ar
       command is used to create or update the contents of  such  an  archive,
       the  symbol  table is rebuilt. The -s option described below forces the
       symbol table to be rebuilt.

OPTIONS
       The following options are supported:

       -a
	     Positions new files in archive after the file named by  the  pos‐
	     name operand.

       -b
	     Positions	new files in archive before the file named by the pos‐
	     name operand.

       -c
	     Suppresses the diagnostic message that  is	 written  to  standard
	     error by default when archive is created.

       -C
	     Prevents  extracted  files from replacing like-named files in the
	     file system.  This option is useful when -T is also used to  pre‐
	     vent truncated file names from replacing files with the same pre‐
	     fix.

       -d
	     Deletes one or more files from archive.

       -i
	     Positions new files in archive before the file named by the  pos‐
	     name operand. This option is quivalent to -b.

       -m
	     Moves files. If -a, -b, or -i with the posname operand are speci‐
	     fied, the -m option moves files to the new	 position.  Otherwise,
	     -m moves files to the end of archive.

       -p
	     Prints the contents of files in archive to standard output. If no
	     files are specified, the contents of all  files  in  archive  are
	     written in the order of the archive.

       -q
	     Quickly  appends files to the end of archive. Positioning options
	     -a, -b, and -i are invalid. The command does  not	check  whether
	     the  added files are already in archive. This option is useful to
	     avoid quadratic behavior when creating a large archive  piece-by-
	     piece.

       -r
	     Replaces  or  adds files in archive. If archive does not exist, a
	     new archive file is created and a diagnostic message  is  written
	     to standard error, unless the -c option is specified. If no files
	     are specified and the archive exists, the results are  undefined.
	     Files  that replace existing files do not change the order of the
	     archive. If the -u option is used with the -r option, only	 those
	     files with dates of modification later than the archive files are
	     replaced. If the -a, -b, or -i option is used, the posname	 argu‐
	     ment  must	 be  present  and  specifies  that new files are to be
	     placed after (-a) or before (-b or -i)  posname.  Otherwise,  the
	     new files are placed at the end.

       -s
	     Forces the regeneration of the archive symbol table even if ar is
	     not invoked with an option that will modify the archive contents.
	     This  command is useful to restore the archive symbol table after
	     the strip(1) command has been used on the archive.

       -t
	     Prints a table of contents of archive. The files specified by the
	     file  operands are included in the written list. If no file oper‐
	     ands are specified, all files in  archive	are  included  in  the
	     order of the archive.

       -T
	     Allows  file  name	 truncation  of	 extracted files whose archive
	     names are longer than the file system can	support.  By  default,
	     extracting	 a  file  with a name that is too long is an error. In
	     that case, a diagnostic message is written and the	 file  is  not
	     extracted.

       -u
	     Updates  older  files. When used with the -r option, files within
	     archive are replaced only if the corresponding file has a modifi‐
	     cation  time  that is at least as new as the modification time of
	     the file within archive.

       -v
	     Gives verbose output. When used with options -d, -r, or  -x,  the
	     -v	 option	 writes a detailed file-by-file description of the ar‐
	     chive creation and the constituent files, and maintenance	activ‐
	     ity.  When	 used  with  -p, -v writes the name of the file to the
	     standard output before writing the file itself  to	 the  standard
	     output. When used with -t, -v includes a long listing of informa‐
	     tion about the files within the archive. When used	 with  -x,  -v
	     prints the filename preceding each extraction. When writing to an
	     archive, -v writes a message to the standard error.

       -V
	     Prints its version number on standard error.

   /usr/xpg4/bin/ar
       The following options are supported for /usr/xpg4/bin/ar:

       -v
	     Same as the /usr/bin/ar version, except when writing  to  an  ar‐
	     chive, no message is written to the standard error.

       -x
	     Extracts  the  files named by the file operands from archive. The
	     contents of archive are not changed.  If  no  file	 operands  are
	     given,  all files in archive are extracted. If the file name of a
	     file extracted from archive is longer than that supported in  the
	     directory	to  which it is being extracted, the results are unde‐
	     fined. The modification time of each file extracted is set to the
	     time file is extracted from archive.

OPERANDS
       The following operands are supported:

       archive
		  A path name of the archive file.

       file
		  A  path name. Only the last component is used when comparing
		  against the names of files in the archive. If	 two  or  more
		  file	operands  have	the same last path name component (see
		  basename(1)), the results are unspecified.  The  implementa‐
		  tion's  archive format will not truncate valid file names of
		  files added to or replaced in the archive.

       posname
		  The name of a file in the archive file,  used	 for  relative
		  positioning. See options -m and -r.


ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       See  environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
       that affect the execution of ar: LANG, LC_ALL,  LC_CTYPE,  LC_MESSAGES,
       LC_TIME, and NLSPATH.

       TMPDIR
		 Determine  the	 pathname that overrides the default directory
		 for temporary files, if any.

       TZ
		 Determine the	timezone  used	to  calculate  date  and  time
		 strings written by ar -tv. If TZ is unset or null, an unspec‐
		 ified default timezone is used.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values are returned:

       0
	     Successful completion.

       >0
	     An error occurred.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

   /usr/bin/ar
       ┌────────────────────┬─────────────────┐
       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability │ Committed	      │
       └────────────────────┴─────────────────┘

   /usr/xpg4/bin/ar
       ┌────────────────────┬───────────────────┐
       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │  ATTRIBUTE VALUE	│
       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability │ Committed		│
       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
       │Standard	    │ See standards(5). │
       └────────────────────┴───────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       basename(1), cpio(1), ld(1), lorder(1), strip(1), tar(1),  ar.h(3HEAD),
       a.out(4), attributes(5), environ(5), standards(5)

NOTES
       If  the same file is mentioned twice in an argument list, it may be put
       in the archive twice.

       By convention, archives are suffixed with ".a".

       When inserting ELF objects into an archive  file,  ar  might  add  "\n"
       characters  to  pad  these  objects to an 8-byte boundary. Such padding
       improves the efficiency with which ld(1) can access the	archive.  Only
       ELF  object files are padded in this way. Other archive members are not
       altered. When an object with such padding is extracted from an archive,
       the padding is not included in the resulting output.

				 Sep 10, 2013				 AR(1)
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