apt-get man page on Pidora

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APT-GET(8)			    apt-get			    APT-GET(8)

NAME
       apt-get - APT package handling utility - command-line interface

SYNOPSIS
       apt-get [options] [-o config=string] [-c=cfgfile] command [pkg]

DESCRIPTION
       apt-get is the command-line tool for handling packages, and may be con‐
       sidered the user's "back-end" to other tools  using  the	 APT  library.
       Several "front-end" interfaces exist, such as synaptic and aptitude.

COMMANDS
       Unless  the  -h,	 or  --help option is given, one of the commands below
       must be present.

       update Used to  re-synchronize  the  package  index  files  from	 their
	      sources.	The indexes of available packages are fetched from the
	      location(s) specified in	/etc/apt/sources.list(5).   An	update
	      should always be performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.

       upgrade
	      Used  to	install	 the newest versions of all packages currently
	      installed	 on  the  system  from	the  sources   enumerated   in
	      /etc/apt/sources.list(5).	 Packages currently installed with new
	      versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no  circum‐
	      stances  are currently installed packages removed, nor are pack‐
	      ages that are not already	 installed  retrieved  and  installed.
	      New  versions  of	 currently  installed  packages that cannot be
	      upgraded without changing the install status of another  package
	      will  be	left at their current version.	An update must be per‐
	      formed first so that apt-get knows that new versions of packages
	      are available.

       dist-upgrade
	      In  addition  to performing the function of upgrade, this option
	      also intelligently handles changing dependencies with  new  ver‐
	      sions  of	 packages;  apt-get  has a "smart" conflict resolution
	      system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important	 pack‐
	      ages at the expense of less important ones, if necessary.

	      The  /etc/apt/sources.list(5)  file contains a list of locations
	      from  which  to  retrieve	 desired  package  files.   See	  also
	      apt_preferences(5)  for  a mechanism for over-riding the general
	      settings for individual packages.

       install pkg(s)
	      This option is followed by one  or  more	packages  desired  for
	      installation.  Each package is a package name, not a fully qual‐
	      ified filename (for instance, in a  Fedora  Core	system,	 glibc
	      would be the argument provided, not glibc-2.4.8.i686.rpm).

	      All  packages required by the package(s) specified for installa‐
	      tion   will   also   be	retrieved    and    installed.	   The
	      /etc/apt/sources.list(5) file is used to locate the repositories
	      for the desired packages.	 If a hyphen (-) is  appended  to  the
	      package name (with no intervening space), the identified package
	      will be removed if it is currently installed.  Similarly a  plus
	      sign  (+)	 can be used to designate a package to install.	 These
	      latter features may be used to override decisions made  by  apt-
	      get's conflict resolution system.

	      A specific version of a package can be selected for installation
	      by following the package name with an equals (=) and the version
	      of  the  package	to select.  This will cause that version to be
	      located and selected for	install.   Alternatively,  a  specific
	      distribution  can be selected by following the package name with
	      a slash (/) and the version of the distribution or  the  Archive
	      name (i.e.  stable, testing, unstable).

	      Both  of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages
	      and must be used with care.

	      Finally, the apt_preferences(5) mechanism allows you  to	create
	      an alternative installation policy for individual packages.

	      If  no  package  matches the given expression and the expression
	      contains one of ".", "?" or "*" then it is assumed to be a POSIX
	      regular  expression,  and	 it is applied to all package names in
	      the database.  Any matches  are  then  installed	(or  removed).
	      Note that matching is done by substring so "lo.*"	 matches "how-
	      lo" and "lowest".	 If this  is  undesired,  anchor  the  regular
	      expression  with	a  "^" or "$" character, or create a more spe‐
	      cific regular expression.

       remove pkg(s)
	      Identical to install except that packages are removed instead of
	      installed.  If  a	 plus sign (+) is appended to the package name
	      (with no intervening space),  the	 identified  package  will  be
	      installed instead of removed.

       source source_pkg
	      Causes  apt-get  to fetch source packages.  APT will examine the
	      available packages to decide which source package to fetch.   It
	      will  then find and download into the current directory the new‐
	      est available version of that source package.   Source  packages
	      are  tracked  separately	from  binary packages via rpm-src type
	      lines in the sources.list(5) file.  This probably will mean that
	      you  will	 not  get  the	same  source  as  the package you have
	      installed, or could install.  If the --compile options is speci‐
	      fied  then  the  package will be compiled to a binary using rpm‐
	      build, if --download-only is specified then the  source  package
	      will not be unpacked.

	      A	 specific  source  version  can	 be retrieved by following the
	      source name with an equals (=) and then the  version  to	fetch,
	      similar  to  the	mechanism  used	 for  the package files.  This
	      enables exact matching of the source package name	 and  version,
	      implicitly enabling the APT::Get::Only-Source option.

	      Note  that source packages are not tracked like binary packages,
	      they exist only in the current  directory	 and  are  similar  to
	      downloading source tar balls.

       build-dep source_pkg
	      Causes  apt-get to install/remove packages in an attempt to sat‐
	      isfy the build dependencies for a source package.

       check  Diagnostic tool; it updates the package  cache  and  checks  for
	      broken dependencies.

       clean  Clears  out the local repository of retrieved package files.  It
	      removes everything but the  lock	file  from  /var/cache/apt/ar‐
	      chives/ and /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/.

       autoclean
	      Like  clean,  autoclean  clears  out  the	 local	repository  of
	      retrieved package files.	The difference is that it only removes
	      package  files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely
	      useless.	This allows a cache  to	 be  maintained	 over  a  long
	      period  of time without it growing out of control.  The configu‐
	      ration option APT::Clean-Installed will prevent installed	 pack‐
	      ages from being erased if it is set to off.

OPTIONS
       All  command-line  options may be set using the configuration file, the
       descriptions indicate the configuration option  to  set.	  For  boolean
       options	you  can override the config file by using something like -f-,
       --no-f, -f=no or several other variations.

       -d, --download-only
	      Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or
	      installed.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Download-Only.

       -f, --fix-broken
	      Fix.   Attempt  to  correct a system with broken dependencies in
	      place.  This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any
	      packages	to  permit APT to deduce a likely solution.  Any pack‐
	      age(s) that are specified must completely correct	 the  problem.
	      This  option  is	sometimes  necessary  when running APT for the
	      first time; APT itself does not allow broken  package  dependen‐
	      cies  to	exist  on  a  system.	It is possible that a system's
	      dependency structure can be so  corrupt  as  to  require	manual
	      intervention.   Use  of this option together with -m may produce
	      an error in some situations.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Fix-Broken.

       -m, --ignore-missing, --fix-missing
	      Ignore missing packages.	If packages  cannot  be	 retrieved  or
	      fail  the	 integrity  check  after  retrieval (corrupted package
	      files), hold back those packages and handle the result.  Use  of
	      this option together with -f may produce an error in some situa‐
	      tions.  If a package is selected for installation	 (particularly
	      if  it  is  mentioned  on	 the command-line) and it could not be
	      downloaded then it will be silently held back.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Fix-Missing.

       --no-download
	      Disables downloading  of	packages.   This  is  best  used  with
	      --ignore-missing	to  force  APT	to  use	 only  the rpms it has
	      already downloaded.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Download.

       -q, --quiet
	      Quiet.  Produces output suitable for logging, omitting  progress
	      indicators.  More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of
	      two.  You can also use -q=# to set the quiet  level,  overriding
	      the configuration file.  Note that quiet level 2 implies -y, you
	      should never use -qq without a no-action modifier	 such  as  -d,
	      --print-uris  or	-s  as APT may decided to do something you did
	      not expect.

	      Configuration Item: quiet.

       -s, --simulate, --just-print, --dry-run, --recon, --no-act
	      No action.  Perform a simulation of events that would occur  but
	      do not actually change the system.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Simulate.

	      Simulate	prints out a series of lines, each one representing an
	      rpm operation: Configure (Conf), Remove (Remv),  Unpack  (Inst).
	      Square  brackets	indicate  broken packages with an empty set of
	      square brackets  meaning	breaks	that  are  of  no  consequence
	      (rare).

       -y, --yes, --assume-yes
	      Automatic yes to prompts.	 Assume "yes" as answer to all prompts
	      and run non-interactively.  If an undesirable situation, such as
	      changing a held package or removing an essential package, occurs
	      then apt-get will abort.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Assume-Yes.

       -u, --show-upgraded
	      Show upgraded packages.  Print out a list of all	packages  that
	      are to be upgraded.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Show-Upgraded.

       -V, --verbose-versions
	      Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Show-Versions.

       -b, --compile, --build
	      Compile source packages after downloading them.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Compile.

       --ignore-hold
	      Ignore  package  Holds.	This  causes  apt-get to ignore a hold
	      placed on a package.  This may be	 useful	 in  conjunction  with
	      dist-upgrade to override a large number of undesired holds.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Ignore-Hold.

       --no-upgrade
	      Do not upgrade packages.	When used in conjunction with install,
	      no-upgrade will prevent packages listed from being  upgraded  if
	      they are already installed.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Upgrade.

       --force-yes
	      Force  yes.   This is a dangerous option that will cause apt-get
	      to continue without prompting if it is  doing  something	poten‐
	      tially  harmful.	 It  should not be used except in very special
	      situations.  Using --force-yes can potentially destroy your sys‐
	      tem!

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::force-yes.

       --print-uris
	      Instead  of  fetching  the  files	 to  install,  their  URIs are
	      printed.	Each URI will have  the	 path,	the  destination  file
	      name,  the  size	and the expected md5 hash.  Note that the file
	      name to write to will not always match  the  file	 name  on  the
	      remote  site!  This  also	 works with the source and update com‐
	      mands.  When used with the update command, the MD5 and size  are
	      not  included,  and  it is up to the user to decompress any com‐
	      pressed files.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Print-URIs.

       --reinstall
	      Re-Install packages that are already installed and at the newest
	      version.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::ReInstall.

       --list-cleanup
	      This  option  defaults  to  on, use --no-list-cleanup to turn it
	      off.  When on, apt-get will automatically manage the contents of
	      /var/lib/apt/lists  to  ensure  that  obsolete files are erased.
	      The only reason to turn it off is if you frequently change  your
	      source list.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::List-Cleanup.

       -t, --target-release, --default-release
	      This option controls the default input to the policy engine.  It
	      creates a default	 pin  at  priority  990	 using	the  specified
	      release  string.	The preferences file may further override this
	      setting.	In short, this option lets  you	 have  simple  control
	      over  which  distribution packages will be retrieved from.  Some
	      common examples might be -t '2.1*' or -t unstable.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Default-Release; see also the apt_pref‐
	      erences(5) manual page.

       --trivial-only
	      Only  perform operations that are "trivial".  Logically this can
	      be considered related to --assume-yes.  Where --assume-yes  will
	      answer yes to any prompt, --trivial-only will answer no.

	      Configuration Item: fIAPT::Get::Trivial-Only.

       --no-remove
	      If  any  packages	 are  to be removed apt-get immediately aborts
	      without prompting.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Remove.

       --only-source
	      Only has meaning for the source  command.	  Indicates  that  the
	      given  source  names are not to be mapped through the binary ta‐
	      ble.  This means that if this option is  specified,  the	source
	      command  will  only  accept  source  package names as arguments,
	      rather than accepting binary package names and  looking  up  the
	      corresponding source package.

	      Configuration Item: APT::Get::Only-Source.

       -h, --help
	      Show a short usage summary.

       -v, --version
	      Show the program version.

       -c, --config-file
	      Configuration  File.   Specify a configuration file to use.  The
	      program will read the default configuration file and  then  this
	      configuration file.  See apt.conf(5) for syntax information.

       -o, --option
	      Set a Configuration Option.  This will set an arbitrary configu‐
	      ration option.  The syntax is -o Foo::Bar=bar.

FILES
       /etc/apt/sources.list
	      Locations to fetch packages from.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::SourceList.

       /etc/apt/apt.conf
	      APT configuration file.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::Main.

       /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/
	      APT configuration file fragments.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::Parts.

       /etc/apt/preferences
	      Version preferences file.	 This is where you would specify "pin‐
	      ning",  i.e.   a preference to get certain packages from a sepa‐
	      rate source or from a different version of a distribution.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::Preferences.

       /var/cache/apt/archives/
	      Storage area for retrieved package files.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives.

       /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/
	      Storage area for package files in transit.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives (implicit partial).

       /var/lib/apt/lists/
	      Storage area for state information  for  each  package  resource
	      specified in sources.list(5).

	      Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists.

       /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/
	      Storage area for state information in transit.

	      Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists (implicit partial).

SEE ALSO
       apt-cache(8), apt-cdrom(8), sources.list(5), apt.conf(5),
       apt-config(8), apt_preferences(5)

DIAGNOSTICS
       apt-get returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error.

BUGS
       Reporting  bugs	in  APT-RPM is best done in the APT-RPM mailinglist at
       http://apt-rpm.org/mailinglist.shtml.

AUTHOR
       Maintainer and contributor information can be found in the credits page
       http://apt-rpm.org/about.shtml of APT-RPM.

APT-RPM				  14 Jun 2006			    APT-GET(8)
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