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adjacent_difference(3C++)	       -	     adjacent_difference(3C++)

Standard C++ Library Copyright 1998, Rogue Wave Software, Inc.

NAME
       adjacent_difference

	-  Outputs a sequence of the differences between each adjacent pair of
       elements in a range.

SYNOPSIS
       #include <numeric>
       template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator>
       OutputIterator adjacent_difference (InputIterator first,
				   InputIterator last,
				   OutputIterator result);
template <;class InputIterator,
	 class OutputIterator,
	 class BinaryOperation>
OutputIterator adjacent_difference (InputIterator first,
				   InputIterator last,
				   OutputIterator result,
				   BinaryOperation bin_op);

DESCRIPTION
       Informally, adjacent_difference fills a sequence with  the  differences
       between successive elements in a container. The result is a sequence in
       which the first element is equal to the first element of	 the  sequence
       being processed, and the remaining elements are equal to the calculated
       differences between adjacent elements.  For  instance,  applying	 adja‐
       cent_difference to {1,2,3,5} produces a result of {1,1,1,2}.

       By  default, subtraction is used to compute the difference, but you can
       supply any binary operator. The binary  operator	 is  then  applied  to
       adjacent elements. For example, by supplying the plus (+) operator, the
       result of applying adjacent_difference to  {1,2,3,5}  is	 the  sequence
       {1,3,5,8}.

       Formally,_adjacent_difference  assigns  to every element referred to by
       iterator i in the range [result + 1, result + (last - first))  a	 value
       equal to the appropriate one of the following:

       *(first + (i - result)) - *(first + (i - result) - 1)

       or

binary_op (*(first + (i - result)),
	   *(first + (i - result) - 1))

result is assigned the value of *first.

binary_op should not have side effects.

adjacent_difference returns result + (last - first).

result can be equal to first. This allows you to place the results of applying
adjacent_difference into the original sequence.

COMPLEXITY
       This algorithm performs exactly (last-first) - 1	 applications  of  the
       default operation (-) or binary_op.

EXAMPLE
       //
       // adj_diff.cpp
       //
 #include<numeric>	 //For adjacent_difference
 #include<vector>	 //For vector
 #include<functional>	 //For times
 #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
 {
   //
   //Initialize a vector of ints from an array
   //
  int arr[10] = {1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55};
  vector<int> v(arr,arr+10);
   //
   //Two uninitialized vectors for storing results
   //
  vector<int> diffs(10), prods(10);
   //
   //Calculate difference(s) using default operator (minus)
   //
  adjacent_difference(v.begin(),v.end(),diffs.begin());
   //
   //Calculate difference(s) using the times operator
   //
  adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end(), prods.begin(),
	times<int>());
   //
   //Output the results
   //
  cout << "For the vector: " << endl << "     ";
  copy(v.begin(),v.end(),
       ostream_iterator<int,char>(cout," "));
  cout << endl << endl;
  cout << "The differences between adjacent elements are: "
	<< endl << "	 ";
  copy(diffs.begin(),diffs.end(),
       ostream_iterator<int,char>(cout," "));
  cout << endl << endl;
  cout << "The products of adjacent elements are: "
	<< endl << "	 ";
  copy(prods.begin(),prods.end(),
       ostream_iterator<int,char>(cout," "));
  cout << endl;
  return 0;

Program Output

For the vector:
    1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55
The differences between adjacent elements are:
   1 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21
The products of adjacent elements are:
    1 1 2 6 15 40 104 273 714 1870

WARNINGS
       If your compiler does not support default template parameters, then you
       always need to supply the Allocator template  argument.	For  instance,
       you have to write:

vector<;int,allocator<int> >

instead of:

vector<;int>

If  your  compiler does not support namespaces, then you do not need the using
declaration for std.

Rogue Wave Software		  02 Apr 1998	     adjacent_difference(3C++)
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