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access(2)							     access(2)

NAME
       access() - determine accessibility of a file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
       The  system  call  checks the file pointed to by path for accessibility
       according to the bit pattern contained in amode.	 uses  the  real  user
       ID, not the effective user ID, and the real group ID, not the effective
       group ID.

       The value of amode is either the bit-wise inclusive OR  of  the	access
       permissions to be checked, or the existence test.  You can use the fol‐
       lowing symbolic constants, defined in to test for permissions:

	      Read access
	      Write access
	      Execute (search) access
	      Check existence of file

       The owner of a file has permission checked with respect to  the	"user"
       read,  write, and execute mode bits.  Members of the file's group other
       than the owner have permissions checked with  respect  to  the  "group"
       mode  bits.   All  others  have permissions checked with respect to the
       "other" mode bits.

       If a file is currently open for	execution,  reports  that  it  is  not
       writable, regardless of the setting of its mode.

   Access Control Lists - HFS File Systems Only
       Read,  write,  and  execute/search  permissions are checked against the
       file's access control list (ACL).   Each	 mode  is  checked  separately
       since  different ACL entries can grant different permissions.  The real
       user ID is combined with the process's real group ID and each group  in
       its  supplementary groups list, and the access control list is searched
       for a match.  Search proceeds in order of specificity and ends when one
       or  more matching entries are found at a specific level.	 More than one
       or entry can match a user if that  user	has  a	nonnull	 supplementary
       groups  list.  If any matching entry has the appropriate permission bit
       set, access is permitted.

   Access Control Lists - JFS File Systems Only
       Read, write, and execute/search permissions  are	 checked  against  the
       file's  access  control	list (ACL).  The real user ID is combined with
       the process's real group ID and each group in its supplementary	groups
       list, and the access control list is searched for a match.  Search pro‐
       ceeds in order of ACL entries and ends when the	first  entry  matching
       the user ID or any of the group IDs is encountered.

       If  a shared text file is currently open for execution, reports that it
       is not writable, regardless of its access control list.	However,  does
       not  report that a shared text file open for writing is not executable,
       since the check is not easily done.

       It also reports that a file on a read-only file system is not writable.

   Security Restrictions
       If the path is valid and the real user ID is superuser or a  user  with
       and  privileges,	 always returns except when amode includes the path is
       not a directory, and none of the execute bits are  set  in  the	file's
       mode.

       See  privileges(5) for more information about privileged access on sys‐
       tems that support fine-grained privileges.

RETURN VALUE
       returns the following values:

	      Successful completion.
		     The requested access is permitted.

	      Failure.
		     is set to indicate the error.

ERRORS
       If fails, is set to one of the following values.

	      Search permission is denied on a component of the path prefix.

	      The access control list does not permit the requested access
			     and the real user ID is not a user with or privi‐
			     leges.

	      path	     points  outside  the  allocated address space for
			     the process.   The	 reliable  detection  of  this
			     error is implementation dependent.

	      Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the path
	      name.

	      The length of the specified path name exceeds
			     bytes, or the length of a component of  the  path
			     name exceeds bytes while is in effect.

	      Read,  write,  or execute (search) permission is requested for a
	      null path name.

	      The named file does not exist.

	      A component of the path prefix is not a directory.

	      Write access is requested for a file on a read-only file system.

	      Write access is requested for a pure procedure
			     (shared text) file that is being executed.

SEE ALSO
       acl(2), chmod(2), stat(2), setacl(2), acl(5),  aclv(5),	privileges(5),
       unistd(5).

STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
								     access(2)
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