_toupper man page on DigitalUNIX

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conv(3)								       conv(3)

NAME
       toascii, tolower, _tolower, toupper, _toupper - Translate characters

SYNOPSIS
       #include <ctype.h>

       int toascii(
	       int c ); int tolower(
	       int c ); int _tolower(
	       int c ); int toupper(
	       int c ); int _toupper(
	       int c );

LIBRARY
       Standard C Library (libc)

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       toascii(),   tolower(),	 _tolower(),   toupper(),   _toupper():	 XPG4,
       XPG4-UNIX

       Refer  to  the  standards(5)  reference page for more information about
       industry standards and associated tags.

PARAMETERS
       Specifies the character to be converted.

DESCRIPTION
       The toascii(), tolower(), _tolower(), toupper(), and  _toupper()	 func‐
       tions  translate	 all  characters,  including  multibyte characters, to
       their specified character values.

       The toascii() function converts its input to a 7-bit ASCII character.

       The tolower() function takes an int value that can be represented as an
       unsigned	 char or the value of EOF (defined in the stdio.h header file)
       as its input.

       When the input of the tolower() function expresses an uppercase letter,
       and  there exists a corresponding lowercase letter (as defined by char‐
       acter type information in the program locale  category  LC_CTYPE),  the
       corresponding  lowercase	 letter is returned. All other input values in
       the domain are returned unchanged. The tolower() function  has  as  its
       domain the range -1 through 255.

       In  the	C  locale, or in a locale where case-conversion information is
       not defined, the tolower() function determines the case	of  characters
       according  to  the  rules  of the Portable Character Set (ASCII charac‐
       ters). Characters outside the ASCII range of  characters	 are  returned
       unchanged.

       The  _tolower() macro is equivalent to the tolower() function, but exe‐
       cutes faster. If the value of the c parameter to the  _tolower()	 macro
       does  not  have a corresponding lowercase character, the results of the
       function are undefined.

       The toupper() function takes an int value that can be represented as an
       unsigned	 char or the value of EOF (defined in the stdio.h header file)
       as its input.

       When the input of the toupper() function expresses a lowercase  letter,
       and  there exists a corresponding uppercase letter (as defined by char‐
       acter type information in the program locale  category  LC_CTYPE),  the
       corresponding  uppercase	 letter is returned. All other input values in
       the domain are returned unchanged. The toupper() function  has  as  its
       domain the range -1 through 255.

       In  the	C  locale, or in a locale where case-conversion information is
       not defined, the toupper() function determines the case	of  characters
       according  to  the  rules  of the Portable Character Set (ASCII charac‐
       ters). Characters outside the ASCII range of  characters	 are  returned
       unchanged.

       The  _toupper() macro is equivalent to the toupper() function, but exe‐
       cutes faster. If the value of the c parameter to the  _toupper()	 macro
       does  not  have a corresponding uppercase character, the results of the
       function are undefined.

NOTES
       The LC_CTYPE category of the current locale  affects  all  conversions.
       See  the	 i18n_intro(5)	reference  page for more information on locale
       variables.

RETURN VALUES
       The toascii() function returns the logical AND of parameter c  and  the
       value 0X7F.

       When the c parameter is a character for which the isupper() function is
       TRUE, there is a corresponding character for which the islower()	 func‐
       tion  is	 also  TRUE.   That  lowercase	character  is  returned by the
       tolower() function or by the _tolower() macro. Otherwise, the c parame‐
       ter is returned unchanged.

       When the c parameter is a character for which the islower() function is
       TRUE, there is a corresponding character for which the isupper()	 func‐
       tion  is	 also TRUE.  That uppercase character is returned by the toup‐
       per() function or by the _toupper() macro. Otherwise, the  c  parameter
       is returned unchanged.

SEE ALSO
       Functions: ctype(3)

       Other: i18n_intro(5), standards(5)

								       conv(3)
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