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Net::NNTP(3perl)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide	      Net::NNTP(3perl)

NAME
       Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class

SYNOPSIS
	   use Net::NNTP;

	   $nntp = Net::NNTP->new("some.host.name");
	   $nntp->quit;

DESCRIPTION
       "Net::NNTP" is a class implementing a simple NNTP client in Perl as
       described in RFC977. "Net::NNTP" inherits its communication methods
       from "Net::Cmd"

CONSTRUCTOR
       new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
	   This is the constructor for a new Net::NNTP object. "HOST" is the
	   name of the remote host to which a NNTP connection is required. If
	   not given then it may be passed as the "Host" option described
	   below. If no host is passed then two environment variables are
	   checked, first "NNTPSERVER" then "NEWSHOST", then "Net::Config" is
	   checked, and if a host is not found then "news" is used.

	   "OPTIONS" are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value
	   pairs.  Possible options are:

	   Host - NNTP host to connect to. It may be a single scalar, as
	   defined for the "PeerAddr" option in IO::Socket::INET, or a
	   reference to an array with hosts to try in turn. The "host" method
	   will return the value which was used to connect to the host.

	   Timeout - Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the
	   NNTP server, a value of zero will cause all IO operations to block.
	   (default: 120)

	   Debug - Enable the printing of debugging information to STDERR

	   Reader - If the remote server is INN then initially the connection
	   will be to nnrpd, by default "Net::NNTP" will issue a "MODE READER"
	   command so that the remote server becomes innd. If the "Reader"
	   option is given with a value of zero, then this command will not be
	   sent and the connection will be left talking to nnrpd.

METHODS
       Unless otherwise stated all methods return either a true or false
       value, with true meaning that the operation was a success. When a
       method states that it returns a value, failure will be returned as
       undef or an empty list.

       article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] )
	   Retrieve the header, a blank line, then the body (text) of the
	   specified article.

	   If "FH" is specified then it is expected to be a valid filehandle
	   and the result will be printed to it, on success a true value will
	   be returned. If "FH" is not specified then the return value, on
	   success, will be a reference to an array containing the article
	   requested, each entry in the array will contain one line of the
	   article.

	   If no arguments are passed then the current article in the
	   currently selected newsgroup is fetched.

	   "MSGNUM" is a numeric id of an article in the current newsgroup,
	   and will change the current article pointer.	 "MSGID" is the
	   message id of an article as shown in that article's header.	It is
	   anticipated that the client will obtain the "MSGID" from a list
	   provided by the "newnews" command, from references contained within
	   another article, or from the message-id provided in the response to
	   some other commands.

	   If there is an error then "undef" will be returned.

       body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] )
	   Like "article" but only fetches the body of the article.

       head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] )
	   Like "article" but only fetches the headers for the article.

       articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )
       bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )
       headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )
	   These are similar to article(), body() and head(), but rather than
	   returning the requested data directly, they return a tied
	   filehandle from which to read the article.

       nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )
	   The "nntpstat" command is similar to the "article" command except
	   that no text is returned.  When selecting by message number within
	   a group, the "nntpstat" command serves to set the "current article
	   pointer" without sending text.

	   Using the "nntpstat" command to select by message-id is valid but
	   of questionable value, since a selection by message-id does not
	   alter the "current article pointer".

	   Returns the message-id of the "current article".

       group ( [ GROUP ] )
	   Set and/or get the current group. If "GROUP" is not given then
	   information is returned on the current group.

	   In a scalar context it returns the group name.

	   In an array context the return value is a list containing, the
	   number of articles in the group, the number of the first article,
	   the number of the last article and the group name.

       ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ])
	   The "ihave" command informs the server that the client has an
	   article whose id is "MSGID".	 If the server desires a copy of that
	   article, and "MESSAGE" has been given the it will be sent.

	   Returns true if the server desires the article and "MESSAGE" was
	   successfully sent,if specified.

	   If "MESSAGE" is not specified then the message must be sent using
	   the "datasend" and "dataend" methods from Net::Cmd

	   "MESSAGE" can be either an array of lines or a reference to an
	   array.

       last ()
	   Set the "current article pointer" to the previous article in the
	   current newsgroup.

	   Returns the message-id of the article.

       date ()
	   Returns the date on the remote server. This date will be in a UNIX
	   time format (seconds since 1970)

       postok ()
	   "postok" will return true if the servers initial response indicated
	   that it will allow posting.

       authinfo ( USER, PASS )
	   Authenticates to the server (using AUTHINFO USER / AUTHINFO PASS)
	   using the supplied username and password.  Please note that the
	   password is sent in clear text to the server.  This command should
	   not be used with valuable passwords unless the connection to the
	   server is somehow protected.

       list ()
	   Obtain information about all the active newsgroups. The results is
	   a reference to a hash where the key is a group name and each value
	   is a reference to an array. The elements in this array are:- the
	   last article number in the group, the first article number in the
	   group and any information flags about the group.

       newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ])
	   "SINCE" is a time value and "DISTRIBUTIONS" is either a
	   distribution pattern or a reference to a list of distribution
	   patterns.  The result is the same as "list", but the groups return
	   will be limited to those created after "SINCE" and, if specified,
	   in one of the distribution areas in "DISTRIBUTIONS".

       newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]])
	   "SINCE" is a time value. "GROUPS" is either a group pattern or a
	   reference to a list of group patterns. "DISTRIBUTIONS" is either a
	   distribution pattern or a reference to a list of distribution
	   patterns.

	   Returns a reference to a list which contains the message-ids of all
	   news posted after "SINCE", that are in a groups which matched
	   "GROUPS" and a distribution which matches "DISTRIBUTIONS".

       next ()
	   Set the "current article pointer" to the next article in the
	   current newsgroup.

	   Returns the message-id of the article.

       post ( [ MESSAGE ] )
	   Post a new article to the news server. If "MESSAGE" is specified
	   and posting is allowed then the message will be sent.

	   If "MESSAGE" is not specified then the message must be sent using
	   the "datasend" and "dataend" methods from Net::Cmd

	   "MESSAGE" can be either an array of lines or a reference to an
	   array.

	   The message, either sent via "datasend" or as the "MESSAGE"
	   parameter, must be in the format as described by RFC822 and must
	   contain From:, Newsgroups: and Subject: headers.

       postfh ()
	   Post a new article to the news server using a tied filehandle.  If
	   posting is allowed, this method will return a tied filehandle that
	   you can print() the contents of the article to be posted.  You must
	   explicitly close() the filehandle when you are finished posting the
	   article, and the return value from the close() call will indicate
	   whether the message was successfully posted.

       slave ()
	   Tell the remote server that I am not a user client, but probably
	   another news server.

       quit ()
	   Quit the remote server and close the socket connection.

   Extension methods
       These methods use commands that are not part of the RFC977
       documentation. Some servers may not support all of them.

       newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] )
	   Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are all the group
	   names which match "PATTERN", or all of the groups if no pattern is
	   specified, and each value contains the description text for the
	   group.

       distributions ()
	   Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are all the possible
	   distribution names and the values are the distribution
	   descriptions.

       subscriptions ()
	   Returns a reference to a list which contains a list of groups which
	   are recommended for a new user to subscribe to.

       overview_fmt ()
	   Returns a reference to an array which contain the names of the
	   fields returned by "xover".

       active_times ()
	   Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are the group names
	   and each value is a reference to an array containing the time the
	   groups was created and an identifier, possibly an Email address, of
	   the creator.

       active ( [ PATTERN ] )
	   Similar to "list" but only active groups that match the pattern are
	   returned.  "PATTERN" can be a group pattern.

       xgtitle ( PATTERN )
	   Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are all the group
	   names which match "PATTERN" and each value is the description text
	   for the group.

       xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC )
	   Obtain the header field "HEADER" for all the messages specified.

	   The return value will be a reference to a hash where the keys are
	   the message numbers and each value contains the text of the
	   requested header for that message.

       xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC )
	   The return value will be a reference to a hash where the keys are
	   the message numbers and each value contains a reference to an array
	   which contains the overview fields for that message.

	   The names of the fields can be obtained by calling "overview_fmt".

       xpath ( MESSAGE-ID )
	   Returns the path name to the file on the server which contains the
	   specified message.

       xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC)
	   The result is the same as "xhdr" except the is will be restricted
	   to headers where the text of the header matches "PATTERN"

       xrover
	   The XROVER command returns reference information for the article(s)
	   specified.

	   Returns a reference to a HASH where the keys are the message
	   numbers and the values are the References: lines from the articles

       listgroup ( [ GROUP ] )
	   Returns a reference to a list of all the active messages in
	   "GROUP", or the current group if "GROUP" is not specified.

       reader
	   Tell the server that you are a reader and not another server.

	   This is required by some servers. For example if you are connecting
	   to an INN server and you have transfer permission your connection
	   will be connected to the transfer daemon, not the NNTP daemon.
	   Issuing this command will cause the transfer daemon to hand over
	   control to the NNTP daemon.

	   Some servers do not understand this command, but issuing it and
	   ignoring the response is harmless.

UNSUPPORTED
       The following NNTP command are unsupported by the package, and there
       are no plans to do so.

	   AUTHINFO GENERIC
	   XTHREAD
	   XSEARCH
	   XINDEX

DEFINITIONS
       MESSAGE-SPEC
	   "MESSAGE-SPEC" is either a single message-id, a single message
	   number, or a reference to a list of two message numbers.

	   If "MESSAGE-SPEC" is a reference to a list of two message numbers
	   and the second number in a range is less than or equal to the first
	   then the range represents all messages in the group after the first
	   message number.

	   NOTE For compatibility reasons only with earlier versions of
	   Net::NNTP a message spec can be passed as a list of two numbers,
	   this is deprecated and a reference to the list should now be passed

       PATTERN
	   The "NNTP" protocol uses the "WILDMAT" format for patterns.	The
	   WILDMAT format was first developed by Rich Salz based on the format
	   used in the UNIX "find" command to articulate file names. It was
	   developed to provide a uniform mechanism for matching patterns in
	   the same manner that the UNIX shell matches filenames.

	   Patterns are implicitly anchored at the beginning and end of each
	   string when testing for a match.

	   There are five pattern matching operations other than a strict one-
	   to-one match between the pattern and the source to be checked for a
	   match.

	   The first is an asterisk "*" to match any sequence of zero or more
	   characters.

	   The second is a question mark "?" to match any single character.
	   The third specifies a specific set of characters.

	   The set is specified as a list of characters, or as a range of
	   characters where the beginning and end of the range are separated
	   by a minus (or dash) character, or as any combination of lists and
	   ranges. The dash can also be included in the set as a character it
	   if is the beginning or end of the set. This set is enclosed in
	   square brackets. The close square bracket "]" may be used in a set
	   if it is the first character in the set.

	   The fourth operation is the same as the logical not of the third
	   operation and is specified the same way as the third with the
	   addition of a caret character "^" at the beginning of the test
	   string just inside the open square bracket.

	   The final operation uses the backslash character to invalidate the
	   special meaning of an open square bracket "[", the asterisk,
	   backslash or the question mark. Two backslashes in sequence will
	   result in the evaluation of the backslash as a character with no
	   special meaning.

	   Examples
	   "[^]-]"
	       matches any single character other than a close square bracket
	       or a minus sign/dash.

	   *bdc
	       matches any string that ends with the string "bdc" including
	       the string "bdc" (without quotes).

	   "[0-9a-zA-Z]"
	       matches any single printable alphanumeric ASCII character.

	   "a??d"
	       matches any four character string which begins with a and ends
	       with d.

SEE ALSO
       Net::Cmd

AUTHOR
       Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1995-1997 Graham Barr. All rights reserved.  This program
       is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
       same terms as Perl itself.

perl v5.18.2			  2014-01-06		      Net::NNTP(3perl)
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