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NETSTAT(1M)							   NETSTAT(1M)

NAME
       netstat - show network status

SYNOPSIS
       netstat [-anvR] [-f address_family] [-P protocol]

       netstat -g [-nv] [-f address_family]

       netstat -p [-n] [-f address_family]

       netstat -s [-f address_family] [-P protocol]
	    [-T u | d ] [interval [count]]

       netstat -m [-T u | d ] [-v] [interval [count]]

       netstat -i [-I interface] [-an] [-f address_family]
	    [-T u | d ] [interval [count]]

       netstat -r [-anvR] [-f address_family | filter]

       netstat -M [-ns] [-f address_family]

       netstat -D [-I interface] [-f address_family]

DESCRIPTION
       The  netstat  command  displays the contents of certain network-related
       data structures in  various  formats,  depending	 on  the  options  you
       select.

       The  netstat  command  has the several forms shown in the SYNOPSIS sec‐
       tion, above, listed as follows:

	   o	  The first form of the command (with no  required  arguments)
		  displays a list of active sockets for each protocol.

	   o	  The second, third, and fourth forms (-g, -p, and -s options)
		  display information from various network data structures.

	   o	  The fifth form (-m option) displays STREAMS  memory  statis‐
		  tics.

	   o	  The  sixth  form  (-i	 option) shows the state of the inter‐
		  faces.

	   o	  The seventh form (-r option) displays the routing table.

	   o	  The eighth form (-M option) displays the  multicast  routing
		  table.

	   o	  The ninth form (-D option) displays the state of DHCP on one
		  or all interfaces.

       These forms are described in greater detail below.

       With no arguments (the first form), netstat displays connected  sockets
       for PF_INET, PF_INET6, and PF_UNIX, unless modified otherwise by the -f
       option.

OPTIONS
       -a

	   Show the state of all sockets, all routing table  entries,  or  all
	   interfaces,	both  physical and logical. Normally, listener sockets
	   used by server processes are not shown. Under most conditions, only
	   interface, host, network, and default routes are shown and only the
	   status of physical interfaces is shown.

       -f address_family

	   Limit all displays to those of the  specified  address_family.  The
	   value of address_family can be one of the following:

	   inet
		    For the AF_INET address family showing IPv4 information.

	   inet6
		    For the AF_INET6 address family showing IPv6 information.

	   unix
		    For the AF_UNIX address family.

       -f filter

	   With	 -r  only,  limit  the display of routes to those matching the
	   specified filter. A filter rule consists of a  keyword:value	 pair.
	   The known keywords and the value syntax are:

	   af:{inet|inet6|unix|number}

	       Selects an address family. This is identical to -f address_fam‐
	       ily and both syntaxes are supported.

	   outif:{name|ifIndex|any|none}

	       Selects an output interface. You can specify the	 interface  by
	       name  (such  as hme0) or by ifIndex number (for example, 2). If
	       any is used, the filter matches all routes having  a  specified
	       interface (anything other than null). If none is used, the fil‐
	       ter matches all routes having a null interface. Note  that  you
	       can  view  the index number (ifIndex) for an interface with the
	       -a option of ifconfig(1M).

	   dst:{ip-address[/mask]|any|none}

	       Selects a destination IP address.  If  specified	 with  a  mask
	       length, then any routes with matching or longer (more specific)
	       masks are selected. If any is used, then all but addresses  but
	       0 are selected. If none is used, then address 0 is selected.

	   flags:[+ -]?[ABDGHLMSU]+

	       Selects routes tagged with the specified flags. By default, the
	       flags as specified must be set in order to match. With a	 lead‐
	       ing  +, the flags specified must be set but others are ignored.
	       With a leading -, the flags specified must not be set and  oth‐
	       ers are permitted.

	   You	can  specify multiple instances of -f to specify multiple fil‐
	   ters. For example:

	     % netstat -nr -f outif:hme0 -f outif:hme1 -f dst:10.0.0.0/8

	   The preceding command displays routes  within  network  10.0.0.0/8,
	   with	 mask  length  8 or greater, and an output interface of either
	   hme0 or hme1, and excludes all other routes.

       -g

	   Show the multicast group memberships for all interfaces. If the  -v
	   option  is included, source-specific membership information is also
	   displayed. See DISPLAYS, below.

       -i

	   Show the state of the interfaces that are used for IP traffic. Nor‐
	   mally  this shows statistics for the physical interfaces. When com‐
	   bined with the -a option, this will also report information for the
	   logical interfaces.	See ifconfig(1M).

       -m

	   Show the STREAMS memory statistics.

       -n

	   Show	 network  addresses  as	 numbers.  netstat  normally  displays
	   addresses as symbols. This option may be used with any of the  dis‐
	   play formats.

       -p

	   Show the net to media tables. See DISPLAYS, below.

       -r

	   Show	 the  routing tables. Normally, only interface, host, network,
	   and default routes are shown, but when this option is combined with
	   the	-a  option,  all routes will be displayed, including cache. If
	   you have not set up a multicast route, -ra might not show any  mul‐
	   ticast  routing  entries,  although	the kernel will derive such an
	   entry if needed.

       -s

	   Show per-protocol statistics. When used with the  -M	 option,  show
	   multicast routing statistics instead. When used with the -a option,
	   per-interface statistics will  be  displayed,  when	available,  in
	   addition to statistics global to the system. See DISPLAYS, below.

       -T u | d

	   Display a time stamp.

	   Specify  u for a printed representation of the internal representa‐
	   tion of time. See time(2). Specify d for standard date format.  See
	   date(1).

       -v

	   Verbose.  Show additional information for the sockets, STREAMS mem‐
	   ory statistics, routing table, and multicast group memberships.

       -I interface

	   Show the state of a particular  interface.  interface  can  be  any
	   valid interface such as hme0 or eri0. Normally, the status and sta‐
	   tistics for physical interfaces are displayed. When this option  is
	   combined with the -a option, information for the logical interfaces
	   is also reported.

       -M

	   Show the multicast routing tables. When used with  the  -s  option,
	   show multicast routing statistics instead.

       -P protocol

	   Limit display of statistics or state of all sockets to those appli‐
	   cable to protocol. The protocol can	be  one	 of  ip,  ipv6,	 icmp,
	   icmpv6,  icmp,  icmpv6,  igmp,  udp,	 tcp, rawip. rawip can also be
	   specified as raw. The command accepts protocol options only as  all
	   lowercase.

       -D

	   Show the status of DHCP configured interfaces.

       -R

	   This modifier displays extended security attributes for sockets and
	   routing table entries. The -R modifier is  available	 only  if  the
	   system is configured with the Solaris Trusted Extensions feature.

	   With	 -r  only,  this  option displays the routing entries' gateway
	   security attributes. See route(1M) for more information on security
	   attributes.

	   When displaying socket information using the first form of the com‐
	   mmand, this option displays additional information for  Multi-Level
	   Port(MLP) sockets. This includes:

	       o      The label for the peer if the socket is connected.

	       o      The  following  flags  can  be  appended to the socket's
		      "State" output:

		      P
			   The socket is a MLP on zone-private IP addresses.

		      S
			   The socket is a MLP on IP addresses shared  between
			   zones.

OPERANDS
       interval
		   Display  statistics	accumulated  since  last display every
		   interval seconds, repeating forever, unless count is speci‐
		   fied.  When invoked with interval, the first row of netstat
		   output shows statistics accumulated since last reboot.

		   The following options support interval: -i, -m, -s and -Ms.
		   Some	 values	 are  configuration  parameters	 and  are just
		   redisplayed at each interval.

       count
		   Display interface statistics the number of times  specified
		   by count, at the interval specified by interval.

DISPLAYS
   Active Sockets (First Form)
       The  display for each active socket shows the local and remote address,
       the send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), the send and receive  win‐
       dows (in bytes), and the internal state of the protocol.

       The  symbolic  format  normally	used  to  display  socket addresses is
       either:

	 hostname.port

       when the name of the host is specified, or

	 network.port

       if a socket address specifies a network but no specific host.

       The numeric host address or network number associated with  the	socket
       is  used to look up the corresponding symbolic hostname or network name
       in the hosts or networks database.

       If the network or hostname for an address is not known, or  if  the  -n
       option  is  specified, the numerical network address is shown. Unspeci‐
       fied, or "wildcard", addresses and ports appear as an asterisk (*). For
       more  information  regarding  the Internet naming conventions, refer to
       inet(7P) and inet6(7P).

       For SCTP sockets, because an endpoint can be  represented  by  multiple
       addresses,  the	verbose option (-v) displays the list of all the local
       and remote addresses.

   TCP Sockets
       The possible state values for TCP sockets are as follows:

       BOUND
		       Bound, ready to connect or listen.

       CLOSED
		       Closed. The socket is not being used.

       CLOSING
		       Closed, then remote shutdown; awaiting acknowledgment.

       CLOSE_WAIT
		       Remote shutdown; waiting for the socket to close.

       ESTABLISHED
		       Connection has been established.

       FIN_WAIT_1
		       Socket closed; shutting down connection.

       FIN_WAIT_2
		       Socket closed; waiting for shutdown from remote.

       IDLE
		       Idle, opened but not bound.

       LAST_ACK
		       Remote shutdown, then closed; awaiting acknowledgment.

       LISTEN
		       Listening for incoming connections.

       SYN_RECEIVED
		       Initial synchronization of the connection under way.

       SYN_SENT
		       Actively trying to establish connection.

       TIME_WAIT
		       Wait after close for remote shutdown retransmission.

   SCTP Sockets
       The possible state values for SCTP sockets are as follows:

       CLOSED
			    Closed. The socket is not being used.

       LISTEN
			    Listening for incoming associations.

       ESTABLISHED
			    Association has been established.

       COOKIE_WAIT
			    INIT has been sent to the peer, awaiting  acknowl‐
			    edgment.

       COOKIE_ECHOED
			    State  cookie  from	 the INIT-ACK has been sent to
			    the peer, awaiting acknowledgement.

       SHUTDOWN_PENDING
			    SHUTDOWN has been received from the	 upper	layer,
			    awaiting  acknowledgement  of all outstanding DATA
			    from the peer.

       SHUTDOWN_SENT
			    All outstanding data has been acknowledged in  the
			    SHUTDOWN_SENT  state.   SHUTDOWN  has been sent to
			    the peer, awaiting acknowledgement.

       SHUTDOWN_RECEIVED
			    SHUTDOWN has been received from the peer, awaiting
			    acknowledgement of all outstanding DATA.

       SHUTDOWN_ACK_SENT
			    All	 outstanding data has been acknowledged in the
			    SHUTDOWN_RECEIVED  state.  SHUTDOWN_ACK  has  been
			    sent to the peer.

   Network Data Structures (Second Through Fifth Forms)
       The  form  of  the  display depends upon which of the -g, -m, -p, or -s
       options you select.

       -g
	     Displays the list of multicast group membership.

       -m
	     Displays the memory usage, for example, STREAMS mblks.

       -p
	     Displays the net to media mapping table. For  IPv4,  the  address
	     resolution	 table is displayed. See arp(1M). For IPv6, the neigh‐
	     bor cache is displayed.

       -s
	     Displays the statistics for the various protocol layers.

       The statistics use the MIB specified variables. The defined values  for
       ipForwarding are:

       forwarding(1)
			    Acting as a gateway.

       not-forwarding(2)
			    Not acting as a gateway.

       The  IPv6 and ICMPv6 protocol layers maintain per-interface statistics.
       If the -a option is specified with the -s option, then  the  per-inter‐
       face  statistics	 as  well  as the total sums are displayed. Otherwise,
       just the sum of the statistics are shown.

       For the second, third, and fourth forms of the command, you must	 spec‐
       ify  at	least  -g, -p, or -s. You can specify any combination of these
       options. You can also specify -m (the fifth form) with any set  of  the
       -g,  -p, and -s options. If you specify more than one of these options,
       netstat displays the information for each one of them.

   Interface Status (Sixth Form)
       The interface status display lists information for all  current	inter‐
       faces,  one  interface per line. If an interface is specified using the
       -I option, it displays information for only the specified interface.

       The list consists of the	 interface  name,  mtu	(maximum  transmission
       unit,  or  maximum packet size)(see ifconfig(1M)), the network to which
       the interface is attached, addresses for each  interface,  and  counter
       associated  with	 the  interface. The counters show the number of input
       packets, input errors, output packets, output errors,  and  collisions,
       respectively.  For Point-to-Point interfaces, the Net/Dest field is the
       name or address on the other side of the link.

       If the -a option is specified with either  the  -i  option  or  the  -I
       option,	then  the  output includes names of the physical interface(s),
       counts for input packets and output packets for each logical interface,
       plus additional information.

       If the -n option is specified, the list displays the IP address instead
       of the interface name.

       If an optional interval is specified, the output	 will  be  continually
       displayed  in  interval	seconds until interrupted by the user or until
       count is reached. See OPERANDS.

       The physical interface is specified using the -I option. When used with
       the  interval  operand, output for the -I option has the following for‐
       mat:

	 input	  eri0		output	      input	     (Total)   output
	 packets  errs	packets errs  colls   packets  errs  packets  errs   colls
	 227681	  0	659471	1     502     261331   0     99597    1	     502
	 10	  0	0	0     0	      10       0     0	      0	     0
	 8	  0	0	0     0	      8	       0     0	      0	     0
	 10	  0	2	0     0	      10       0     2	      0	     0

       If the input interface is not specified, the first interface of address
       family inet or inet6 will be displayed.

   Routing Table (Seventh Form)
       The  routing table display lists the available routes and the status of
       each.  Each route consists of a destination  host  or  network,	and  a
       gateway to use in forwarding packets. The flags column shows the status
       of the route. These flags are as follows:

       U
	    Indicates route is up.

       G
	    Route is to a gateway.

       H
	    Route is to a host and not a network.

       M
	    Redundant route established with the -multirt option.

       S
	    Route was established using the -setsrc option.

       D
	    Route was created dynamically by a redirect.

       If the -a option is specified, there will be routing entries  with  the
       following flags:

       A
	    Combined routing and address resolution entries.

       B
	    Broadcast addresses.

       L
	    Local addresses for the host.

       Interface  routes  are created for each interface attached to the local
       host; the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the  out‐
       going interface.

       The  use	 column	 displays  the number of packets sent using a combined
       routing and address resolution (A) or a	broadcast  (B)	route.	For  a
       local  (L) route, this count is the number of packets received, and for
       all other routes it is the number of times the routing entry  has  been
       used to create a new combined route and address resolution entry.

       The  interface  entry  indicates the network interface utilized for the
       route.

   Multicast Routing Tables (Eighth Form)
       The multicast routing table consists of the virtual interface table and
       the actual routing table.

   DHCP Interface Information (Ninth Form)
       The DHCP interface information consists of the interface name, its cur‐
       rent state, lease information, packet counts, and a list of flags.

       The states correlate with the specifications set forth in RFC 2131.

       Lease information includes:

	   o	  when the lease began;

	   o	  when lease renewal will begin; and

	   o	  when the lease will expire.

       The flags currently defined include:

       BOOTP
		  The interface has  a	lease  obtained	 through  BOOTP	 (IPv4
		  only).

       BUSY
		  The interface is busy with a DHCP transaction.

       PRIMARY
		  The  interface is the primary interface. See dhcpinfo(1) and
		  ifconfig(1M).

       FAILED
		  The interface is in  failure	state  and  must  be  manually
		  restarted.

       Packet counts are maintained for the number of packets sent, the number
       of packets received, and the number of lease  offers  declined  by  the
       DHCP client. All three counters are initialized to zero and then incre‐
       mented while obtaining a lease. The counters are reset when the	period
       of lease renewal begins for the interface. Thus, the counters represent
       either the number of packets sent, received, and declined while obtain‐
       ing  the	 current  lease,  or the number of packets sent, received, and
       declined while attempting to obtain a future lease.

FILES
       /etc/default/inet_type
				 DEFAULT_IP setting

SEE ALSO
       arp(1M),	  dhcpinfo(1),	 dhcpagent(1M),	  ifconfig(1M),	   iostat(1M),
       kstat(1M),    mibiisa(1M),    savecore(1M),    vmstat(1M),    hosts(4),
       inet_type(4), networks(4),  protocols(4),  services(4),	attributes(5),
       dhcp(5), kstat(7D), inet(7P), inet6(7P)

       Droms, R., RFC 2131, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Network Work‐
       ing Group, March 1997.

       Droms, R. RFC  3315,  Dynamic  Host  Configuration  Protocol  for  IPv6
       (DHCPv6). Cisco Systems. July 2003.

NOTES
       When  displaying	 interface  information, netstat honors the DEFAULT_IP
       setting in /etc/default/inet_type. If it is set	to  IP_VERSION4,  then
       netstat	will omit information relating to IPv6 interfaces, statistics,
       connections, routes and the like.

       However,	  you	 can	override    the	   DEFAULT_IP	 setting    in
       /etc/default/inet_type  on  the	command-line. For example, if you have
       used the command-line to explicitly request IPv6 information  by	 using
       the inet6 address family or one of the IPv6 protocols, it will override
       the DEFAULT_IP setting.

       If you need to examine network status information  following  a	kernel
       crash, use the mdb(1) utility on the savecore(1M) output.

       The  netstat  utility obtains TCP statistics from the system by opening
       /dev/tcp and issuing queries. Because of this, netstat might display an
       extra,  unused  connection in IDLE state when reporting connection sta‐
       tus.

       Previous versions of netstat had	 undocumented  methods	for  reporting
       kernel  statistics  published  using the kstat(7D) facility. This func‐
       tionality has been removed. Use kstat(1M) instead.

       netstat restricts its output to information that	 is  relevant  to  the
       zone in which netstat runs. (This is true for both shared-IP and exclu‐
       sive-IP zones.)

				 Jun 16, 2009			   NETSTAT(1M)
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