ExtUtils::Embed(3Perl Programmers Reference GuiExtUtils::Embed(3)NAMEExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++
applications
SYNOPSIS
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts
DESCRIPTIONExtUtils::Embed provides utility functions for embedding a
Perl interpreter and extensions in your C/C++
applications. Typically, an application Makefile will
invoke ExtUtils::Embed functions while building your
application.
@EXPORT
ExtUtils::Embed exports the following functions:
xsinit(), ldopts(), ccopts(), perl_inc(), ccflags(),
ccdlflags(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(), xsi_body()FUNCTIONSxsinit()
Generate C/C++ code for the XS initializer function.
When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit --`
the following options are recognized:
-o <output filename> (Defaults to perlxsi.c)
-o STDOUT will print to STDOUT.
-std (Write code for extensions that are linked with
the current Perl.)
Any additional arguments are expected to be names of
modules to generate code for.
When invoked with parameters the following are
accepted and optional:
xsinit($filename,$std,[@modules])
Where,
$filename is equivalent to the -o option.
$std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.
[@modules] is an array ref, same as additional
arguments mentioned above.
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Examples
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c Socket
This will generate code with an xs_init function that
glues the perl Socket::bootstrap function to the C
boot_Socket function and writes it to a file named
"xsinit.c".
Note that DynaLoader is a special case where it must
call boot_DynaLoader directly.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit
This will generate code for linking with DynaLoader
and each static extension found in
$Config{static_ext}. The code is written to the
default file name perlxsi.c.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c -std DBI DBD::Oracle
Here, code is written for all the currently linked
extensions along with code for DBI and DBD::Oracle.
If you have a working DynaLoader then there is rarely
any need to statically link in any other extensions.
ldopts()
Output arguments for linking the Perl library and
extensions to your application.
When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts --`
the following options are recognized:
-std
Output arguments for linking the Perl library and any
extensions linked with the current Perl.
-I <path1:path2>
Search path for ModuleName.a archives. Default path
is @INC. Library archives are expected to be found
as /some/path/auto/ModuleName/ModuleName.a For
example, when looking for Socket.a relative to a
search path, we should find auto/Socket/Socket.a
When looking for DBD::Oracle relative to a search
path, we should find auto/DBD/Oracle/Oracle.a
Keep in mind, you can always supply
/my/own/path/ModuleName.a as an additional linker
argument.
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ExtUtils::Embed(3Perl Programmers Reference GuiExtUtils::Embed(3)-- <list of linker args>
Additional linker arguments to be considered.
Any additional arguments found before the -- token
are expected to be names of modules to generate code
for.
When invoked with parameters the following are
accepted and optional:
ldopts($std,[@modules],[@link_args],$path)
Where,
$std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.
[@modules] is equivalent to additional arguments
found before the -- token.
[@link_args] is equivalent to arguments found after
the -- token.
$path is equivalent to the -I option.
In addition, when ldopts is called with parameters,
it will return the argument string rather than print
it to STDOUT.
Examples
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts
This will print arguments for linking with libperl.a,
DynaLoader and extensions found in
$Config{static_ext}. This includes libraries found
in $Config{libs} and the first ModuleName.a library
for each extension that is found by searching @INC or
the path specified by the -I option. In addition,
when ModuleName.a is found, additional linker
arguments are picked up from the extralibs.ld file in
the same directory.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Socket
This will do the same as the above example, along
with printing additional arguments for linking with
the Socket extension.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- DynaLoader
This will print arguments for linking with just the
DynaLoader extension and libperl.a.
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perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Msql -- -L/usr/msql/lib -lmsql
Any arguments after the second '--' token are
additional linker arguments that will be examined for
potential conflict. If there is no conflict, the
additional arguments will be part of the output.
perl_inc()
For including perl header files this function simply
prints:
-I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE
So, rather than having to say:
perl -MConfig -e 'print "-I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE"'
Just say:
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e perl_inc
ccflags(), ccdlflags()
These functions simply print $Config{ccflags} and
$Config{ccdlflags}
ccopts()
This function combines perl_inc(), ccflags() and
ccdlflags() into one.
xsi_header()
This function simply returns a string defining the
same EXTERN_C macro as perlmain.c along with
#including perl.h and EXTERN.h.
xsi_protos(@modules)
This function returns a string of boot_$ModuleName
prototypes for each @modules.
xsi_body(@modules)
This function returns a string of calls to newXS()
that glue the module bootstrap function to
boot_ModuleName for each @modules.
xsinit() uses the xsi_* functions to generate most of
it's code.
EXAMPLES
For examples on how to use ExtUtils::Embed for building
C/C++ applications with embedded perl, see the eg/
directory and the perlembed manpage.
SEE ALSO
the perlembed manpage
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ExtUtils::Embed(3Perl Programmers Reference GuiExtUtils::Embed(3)AUTHOR
Doug MacEachern <dougm@osf.org>
Based on ideas from Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk> and
minimod.pl by Andreas Koenig <k@anna.in-berlin.de> and Tim
Bunce.
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