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DateTime::Precise(3)  User Contributed Perl Documentation DateTime::Precise(3)

NAME
       DateTime::Precise - Perform common time and date operations with
       additional GPS operations

SYNOPSIS
	use DateTime::Precise;

	use DateTime::Precise qw(:TimeVars);

	# Constructors and ways to set time.
	$t1 = DateTime::Precise->new;
	$t2 = DateTime::Precise->new('1998. 4. 3 12:13:44.054');
	$t3 = DateTime::Precise->new(time() - 100.23456);
	$t4 = DateTime::Precise->new('1998.04.24');
	$t1->set_localtime_from_epoch_time;
	$t1->set_gmtime_from_epoch_time(time + 120.987);
	$t1->set_from_datetime('1998.03.23 16:58:14.65');
	$t1->set_time('YDHMS', 1998, 177, 9, 15, 26.5);

	# This is the same as $d3->set_from_datetime(...)
	$t3->dscanf("%^Y.%M.%D %h:%m:%s", "1998.03.25 20:25:23");
	if ($msg = $d1->dscanf("%~M", $input)) {
	    print "error: $msg\n";
	    print "Must enter a three-letter month abbrev.\n";
	}

	# Get different parts of the time.
	$year	 = $t3->year;
	$month	 = $t3->month;
	$day	 = $t3->day;
	$hours	 = $t3->hours;
	$minutes = $t3->minutes;
	$seconds = $t3->seconds;
	($year, $day_of_year) = $t3->get_time('Yj');

	# Print times and dates.
	print $t2->asctime;
	print $t2->strftime('%T %C%n');
	print $t2->dprintf("%^Y.%M.%D %h:%m:%s");	    # datetime
	print $t2->dprintf("%~w %~M %-D %h:%m:%s CST %^Y"); # ctime

	# Copy times.
	my $t4 = $t2->copy;

	# Set one time object to the same time as another: set $t3 equal to $t2.
	$t3->clone($t2);

	# Find the difference between two times.
	$secs_from_midnight = $t4 - $t1;
	$secs_from_midnight = $t4->diff($t1);

	# Add seconds, days, months, etc to time.
	$t1 = $t4 + 3600;		       # $t1 is now an hour after midnight
	$t1->inc_month(2);		       # add two months to $t1
	$t1->floor_month;		       # set $t1 to the first of the month
	$t1 -= 0.25;			       # subtract 1/4 of a second from $t1

	# Can compare and sort DateTime::Precise.
	print "It's late!!!" if ($t1 > $t4);
	@sorted = sort @birthdays;	       # normal comparisons work fine

	# Get the GPS weeks, seconds and day.
	$gps_week    = $t1->gps_week;
	$gps_seconds = $t1->gps_seconds;
	$gps_day     = $t1->gps_day;
	($gps_week, $gps_seconds, $gps_day) = $t1->gps_week_seconds_day;

DESCRIPTION
       The purpose of this library was to replace our dependence on Unix epoch
       time, which, being limited to a range of about 1970 to 2030, is
       inadequate for our purposes (we have data as old as 1870).  This date
       library effectively handles dates from A.D. 1000 to infinity, and would
       probably work all the way back to 0 (ignoring, of course, the switch-
       over to the Gregorian calendar).	 The useful features of Unix epoch
       time (ease of date difference calculation and date comparison, strict
       ordering) are preserved, and elements such as human-legibility are
       added.  The library handles fractional seconds and some date/time
       manipulations used for the Global Positioning Satellite system.

       The operators +/-, <=>, cmp, stringify are overloaded.  Addition
       handles seconds and fractions of seconds, subtraction handles seconds
       or date differences, compares work, and stringification returns the a
       representation of the date.

       The US Geological Survey (USGS) likes midnight to be 24:00:00 of the
       previous day, not 00:00:00 of the day people expect.  If
       $DateTime::Precise::USGSMidnight is set, dprintf will always print
       midnight as 24:00:00 and the date returned from dprintf will have the
       previous day's date.  Regardless, time is always stored internally as
       00:00:00.

CONSTRUCTOR
       new
       new('1998. 4. 3 12:13:44')
       new(time() - 100.23456)
       new('YDHMS', 1998, 200, 13, 16, 49.5)
	   This creates a new time object.  If no argument is passed, then the
	   time object is initialized with the time returned from gmtime
	   (time()).  The second form is used to set the time explicitly.  The
	   argument can be in one of three formats: "YYYY.MM.DD
	   hh:mm:ss.ffff", "YYYY.MM.DD" (midnight assumed), or
	   "YYYYMMDDhhmmss.ffff".  Here ffff are the fractions of seconds.
	   The third form sets the time using gmtime() with fractional seconds
	   allowed.  The fourth form sets the time using a format as the first
	   argument followed by the particular date adjustments as the
	   following arguments.	 See set_time() for more information.  If the
	   new fails, then new returns an empty list in a list context, an
	   undefined value in a scalar context, or nothing in a void context.

	   Because the second and third forms pass only one argument to new(),
	   there must be a way of distinguishing them.	Currently the
	   following test is used: if any non-digit characters are found in
	   the argument or if the string form of the argument is longer than
	   10 character, then assume it to be a string to parse for the date.
	   Otherwise it is the time since the Unix epoch.  The string length
	   of 10 was chosen since when the Unix epoch time flips to 11 digits,
	   it'll be roughly year 2287.

METHODS
       set_from_datetime datetime
	   Set date/time from passed date/time string "YYYY.MM.DD
	   hh:mm:ss.fff".  If set_from_datetime successfully parses datetime,
	   then the newly set date/time object is returned, otherwise it
	   returns an empty list in a list context, an undefined value in a
	   scalar context, or nothing in a void context.

       set_localtime_from_epoch_time [epoch]
	   Set from epoch time into the local time zone.  If epoch is passed,
	   then use that time to set the current time, otherwise use the time
	   as returned from time() or from Time::HiRes::time() if the
	   Time::HiRes module can be loaded.  If the Time::HiRes::time() can
	   be imported, then the resulting loaded time most likely will
	   contain a fractional second component.  The newly set date/time
	   object is returned.	The epoch can contain fractional seconds.

       set_gmtime_from_epoch_time [epoch]
	   Set from the epoch time into the standard Greenwich time zone.  If
	   epoch is passed, then use that time to set the current time,
	   otherwise use the time as returned from time() or from
	   Time::HiRes::time() if the Time::HiRes module can be loaded.	 If
	   the Time::HiRes::time() can be imported, then the resulting loaded
	   time most likely will contain a fractional second component.	 The
	   newly set date/time object is returned.  The epoch can contain
	   fractional seconds.

       set_from_day_of_year year day_of_year
	   Set date/from from the year and the decimal day of the year.
	   Midnight January 1st is day 1, noon January 1st is 1.5, etc.	 If
	   the date was successfully set, then the newly set date/time object
	   is returned, otherwise it returns an empty list in a list context,
	   an undefined value in a scalar context, or nothing in a void
	   context.

       set_from_serial_day serial_day_number
	   Set the date/time from the serial day.  See also serial_day().  If
	   the date was successfully set, then the newly set date/time object
	   is returned, otherwise is returns an empty list in a list context,
	   an undefined value in a scalar context, or nothing in a void
	   context.

       set_from_gps_week_seconds gps_week gps_seconds
	   Set the current time using the number of weeks and seconds into the
	   week since GPS epoch (January 6, 1980 UTC).	If the date was
	   successfully set, then the newly set date/time object is returned,
	   otherwise is returns an empty list in a list context, an undefined
	   value in a scalar context, or nothing in a void context.

       set_time format [arg, [arg, ...]]
	   Set the time.  format is a string composed of a select set of
	   characters.	Some characters may take an optional argument, which
	   are listed following the format argument in the same order as the
	   characters.	The first character must be an absolute time:

	       N => Set time to now.  No argument taken.
	       G => Set time to GPS time 0 (January 6, 1980).  No argument taken.
	       Y => Set time to beginning of the year.	Argument taken.
	       J => Set time to modified Julian date.  Argument taken.
	       s => Set time to seconds since January 1, 1970.	Argument taken.

	   These characters represent modifiers to the time set using the
	   above characters:

	       B => Add months to time.	 Argument taken.
	       W => Add weeks to time.	Argument taken.
	       D => Add days counted from 1 to time.  Argument taken.
	       d => Add days counted from 0 to time.  Argument taken.
	       H => Add hours to time.	Argument taken.
	       M => Add minutes to time.  Argument taken.
	       S => Add seconds to time.  Argument taken.

	   If the date and time was successfully set, then it returns the
	   newly set date/time object, otherwise set_time() returns an empty
	   list in a list context, an undefined value in a scalar context, or
	   nothing in a void context and the date and time remain unchanged.

       get_time string
	   Return an array, where each element of the array corresponds to the
	   corresponding strftime() value.  This string should not contain %
	   characters.	This method is a much, much better and faster way of
	   doing

	       map {$self->strftime("%$_")} split(//, $string)

       year [year]
	   Return the year.  If an argument is passed to year, then set the
	   year to the the integer part of the argument and then return the
	   newly set year.

       month [month]
	   Return the numerical month (1 = January, 12 = December).  If an
	   argument is passed to month, then set the month to the integer part
	   of the argument and return the newly set month.

       day [day]
	   Return the day of the month.	 If an argument is passed to day, then
	   set the day to the integer part of the argument and return the
	   newly set day.

       hours [hours]
	   Return the hours in the day.	 If an argument is passed to hours,
	   then set the hours to the integer part of the argument and return
	   the newly set hours.

       minutes [minutes]
	   Return the minutes in the hour.  If an argument is passed to
	   minutes, then set the minutes to the integer part of the argument
	   and return the newly set minutes.

       seconds [seconds]
	   Return the seconds in the minutes.  If an argument is passed to
	   seconds, then set the seconds to the argument and return the newly
	   set seconds.	 This argument accepts fractional seconds and will
	   return the fractional seconds.

       serial_day
	   Returns a serial day number representing the date, plus a fraction
	   representing the time since midnight (i.e., noon=0.5).  This is for
	   applications which need an scale index (we use it for positioning a
	   date on a time-series graph axis).  See also set_from_serial_day().

       day_of_year
	   Return the day of the year including the fraction part of the day.
	   Midnight January 1st is day 1, noon January 1st is 1.5, etc.

       julian_day
	   Return the day of the year including the fraction part of the day
	   where time is 0 based.  Midnight January 1st is day 0, noon January
	   1st is 0.5, noon January 2nd is 1.5, etc.

       unix_seconds_since_epoch
	   Return the time in seconds between the object and January 1, 1970
	   UTC.

       gps_seconds_since_epoch
	   Return the time in seconds between the object and January 6, 1980
	   UTC.

       gps_week_seconds_day
	   Return an array consisting of the GPS week 0 filled to four spaces,
	   the number of seconds into the GPS week, and the GPS day, where day
	   0 is Sunday.

       gps_week
	   Return the GPS week of the object.  The returned number is 0 filled
	   to four digits.

       gps_seconds
	   Return the number of seconds into the current GPS week for the
	   current object.

       gps_day
	   Return the GPS day of the week for the current object, where day 0
	   is Sunday.

       copy
	   Return an identical copy of the current object.

       clone other_dt
	   Set this DateTime::Precise equal to other_dt.

       dprintf string
	   Returns string with substitutions:

	       %x     number zero-padded to 2 digits (ie, '02')
	       %C<-x> number space-padded to 2 digits (ie, ' 2')
	       %^x    unpadded number (ie, '2')
	       %~x    3-letter abbrev corresponding to value (%M and %w only)
	       %*x    full name corresponding to value (%M and %w only)
	       %%     '%'

	   where x is one of:

	       h      hours (0..23)
	       m      minutes (0..59)
	       s      seconds (0..59)
	       D      day of the month (1..31)
	       M      month (1..12)
	       Y      years since 1900 (ie, 96)
	       W      USGS water year (year+1 for months Oct-Dec)
	       w      day of the week (0..6, or "Mon", etc.)
	       E      internal string (no ~^*-)

	   so, for example, to get a string in datetime format, you would pass
	   a string of '%^Y.%M.%D %h:%m:%s', or, to get a ctime-like string,
	   you would pass: '%~w %~M %-D %h:%m:%s CDT %^Y' (presuming you're in
	   the CDT.  Maybe timezone support will show up some day).

	   The US Geological Survey (USGS) likes midnight to be 24:00:00 of
	   the previous day, not 00:00:00 of the day people expect.  If
	   $DateTime::Precise::USGSMidnight is set, dprintf will always print
	   midnight as 24:00:00 and the date returned from dprintf will have
	   the previous day's date.  Regardless, time is always stored
	   internally as 00:00:00.

       dscanf format string
	   Takes a format string format, and use it to read the date and time
	   fields from the supplied string.  The current date and time is
	   unchanged if dscanf fails.

	   All format characters recognized by dprintf() are valid.  Two
	   additional characters are recognized, 'U' which sets the time to
	   the local time/date using the number of seconds since Unix epoch
	   time and 'u' which sets the time to GMT time/date using the number
	   of seconds since Unix epoch time.  Unless exact characters are
	   supplied or format characters are concatenated, will separate on
	   non-matching characters.

       strftime format
	   Just like the strftime() function call.  This version is based on
	   the Solaris manual page.  format is a string containing of zero or
	   more conversion specifications.  A specification character consists
	   of a '%' (percent) character followed by one conversion characters
	   that determine the conversion specifications behavior.  All
	   ordinary characters are copied unchanged to the return string.

	   The following GPS specific conversions are supported in this
	   strftime:
	       %s    the seconds since UTC January 1, 1970
	       %G    the GPS week (4 digits with leading 0's)
	       %g    the GPS seconds into the GPS week with no leading zeros
	       %f    the GPS day where 0 = Sunday, 1 = Monday, etc
	       %F    the GPS day where 1 = Sunday, 2 = Monday, etc

	   The following standard conversions are understood:

	       %%    the same as %
	       %a    the abbreviated weekday name
	       %A    the full weekday name
	       %b    the abbreviated month name
	       %B    the full month name
	       %c    the appropriate date and time representation
	       %C    century number (the year divided by 100 and truncated to an
		     integer as a decimal number [1,99]); single digits are
		     preceded by 0
	       %d    day of month [1,31]; single digits are preceded by 0
	       %D    date as %m/%d/%y
	       %e    day of month [1,31]; single digits are preceded by a space
	       %h    locale's abbreviated month name
	       %H    hour (24-hour clock) [0,23]; single digits are preceded by 0
	       %I    hour (12-hour clock) [1,12]; single digits are preceded by 0
	       %j    day number of year [1,366]; single digits are preceded by 0
	       %k    hour (24-hour clock) [0,23]; single digits are preceded by
		     a blank
	       %l    hour (12-hour clock) [1,12]; single digits are preceded by
		     a blank
	       %m    month number [1,12]; single digits are preceded by 0
	       %M    minute [00,59]; leading zero is permitted but not required
	       %n    insert a newline
	       %p    either AM or PM
	       %r    appropriate time representation in 12-hour clock format with
		     %p
	       %R    time as %H:%M
	       %S    seconds [00,61]
	       %t    insert a tab
	       %T    time as %H:%M:%S
	       %u    weekday as a decimal number [1,7], with 1 representing Sunday
	       %U    week number of year as a decimal number [00,53], with Sunday
		     as the first day of week 1
	       %V    week number of the year as a decimal number [01,53], with
		     Monday as the first day of the week. If the week containing 1
		     January has four or more days in the new year, then it is
		     considered week 1; otherwise, it is week 53 of the previous
		     year, and the next week is week 1.
	       %w    weekday as a decimal number [0,6], with 0 representing Sunday
	       %W    week number of year as a decimal number [00,53], with Monday
		     as the first day of week 1
	       %x    locale's appropriate date representation
	       %X    locale's appropriate time representation
	       %y    year within century [00,99]
	       %Y    year, including the century (for example 1993)
	       %Z    Always GMT

       asctime
	   Return a string such as 'Fri Apr 3 12:13:44 GMT 1998'.  This is
	   equivalent to strftime('%c').

   Incrementing and rounding
       There are many subroutines of the format 'func_unit', where func is one
       of (inc, dec, floor, ceil, round) and unit is one of (second, minute,
       hour, day, month, year) [second and minute can be abbreviated as sec
       and min respectively].

       inc_unit(i) increments the date by i units (i defaults to 1 if no
       parameter is supplied).	For days through seconds, fractional
       increments are allowed.	However, for months and years, only the
       integer part of the increment is used.

       dec_unit(i) identical to inc_unit("-i").

       round_unit() rounds the date to the nearest unit.  Rounds years down
       for Jan-Jun, and up for Jul-Dec; months down for 1st-15th and up for
       16th and later; days round up on or after 12:00:00; hours on or after
       xx:30:00, minutes on or after 30 seconds; seconds on or after 0.5
       seconds.

       floor_unit() rounds the date down to the earliest time for the current
       unit.  For example, floor_month() rounds to midnight of the first day
       of the current month, floor_day() to midnight of the current day, and
       floor_hour() to xx:00:00.

       ceil_unit() is the complementary function to floor.  It rounds the date
       up, to the earliest time in the next unit.  E.g., ceil_month() makes
       the date midnight of the first day of the next month.

   Overloaded operators
       Addition, subtraction, and comparison operators are overloaded, as well
       as the string representation of a date object.

	   # create a new object
	   $x = DateTime::Precise->new('1996.05.05 05:05:05');
	   # copy it
	   $y = $x;
	   # increment x by one second
	   $x++;
	   # decrement by a day
	   $y = $y - 86400;
	   # test em
	   print ($x < $y ? "x is earlier\n" : "y is earlier\n");
	   # get the difference
	   print "The difference between x and y is ", $x-$y, " seconds.\n";

       If $x is a date object, "$x + $i" is identical to $x->inc_sec($i).

       There are two possible results from subtraction.	 "$x - $i", where $i
       is a number, will return a new date, $i seconds before $x. "$x - $y",
       where $y is another date object, is identical to $x->diff($y).

       Comparison operators (<,>,==,etc) work as one would expect.

PUBLIC CONSTANTS
       The following variables are not imported into your package by default.
       If you want to use them, then use

	   use DateTime::Precise qw(:TimeVars);

       in your package.	 Otherwise, you can use the fully qualified package
       name, such as $DateTime::Precise::USGSMidnight.

       $USGSMidnight
	   Set this to 1 if you want midnight represented as 24:00:00 of the
	   previous day.  The default value is 0 which does not change the
	   behavior of midnight.  To use this variable in your code, load the
	   DateTime::Precise module like this:

	       use DateTime::Precise qw($USGSMidnight);

	   Setting this only changes the output of dprintf for date and times
	   that are exactly midnight.

       @MonthDays
	   Days per month in a non-leap year.  This array is 1 indexed, so 0
	   is December, 1 is January, etc.

       @MonthName
	   Month names.	 This array is 1 indexed, so 0 is December, 1 is
	   January, etc.

       @MonthAbbrev
	   Month abbreviated names.  This array is 1indexed, so 0 is Dec, 1 is
	   Jan, etc.

       @WeekName
	   Names of the week, 0 indexed.  So 0 is Sunday, 1 is Monday, etc.

       @WeekAbbrev
	   Abbreviated names of the week, 0 indexed.  So 0 is Sun, 1 is Mon,
	   etc.

       &Secs_per_week
	   The number of seconds in one week (604800).

       &Secs_per_day
	   The number of seconds in one day (86400).

       &Secs_per_hour
	   The number of seconds in one hour (3600).

       &Secs_per_minute
	   The number of seconds in one minute (60).

       &JANUARY_1_1970
	   Subroutine returning the Unix epoch time January 1, 1970 UTC.

       &JANUARY_6_1980
	   Subroutine returning the GPS epoch time January 6, 1980 UTC.

PUBLIC SUBROUTINES
       IsLeapYear(year)
	   Returns true if the argument is a leap year.

       DaysInMonth(month, year)
	   Returns the number of days in the month.

IMPLEMENTATION
       This package is based on the DateTime package written by Greg Fast
       <gdfast@usgs.gov>.  The _week_of_year routine is based on the
       Date_WeekOfYear routine from the Date::DateManip package written by
       Sullivan Beck.

       Instead of using the string representation used in the original
       DateTime package, this package represents the time internally as a
       seven element array, where the elements correspond to the year, month,
       day, hours, minutes, seconds, and fractional seconds.

AUTHOR
       Contact: Blair Zajac <blair@orcaware.com>.  The original version of
       this module was based on DateTime written by Greg Fast
       <gdfast@usgs.gov>.

POD ERRORS
       Hey! The above document had some coding errors, which are explained
       below:

       Around line 2024:
	   =back doesn't take any parameters, but you said =back 4

       Around line 2330:
	   =back doesn't take any parameters, but you said =back 4

       Around line 2398:
	   '=item' outside of any '=over'

       Around line 2457:
	   You forgot a '=back' before '=head1'

       Around line 2469:
	   =back doesn't take any parameters, but you said =back 4

perl v5.14.1			  2001-09-04		  DateTime::Precise(3)
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